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10. Recenzie de Carte -- Cum isi cresc copiii parintii

Titlul cartii: Cum isi cresc copiii parintii

Autor: Dan B. Allender, Ph.D.

Anul publicarii: 2003

Pagini: 217

Site-ul Autorului: www.thepathlesschosen.com

Carte este disponibila in limba: engleza.

Ar trebui sa citesti aceasta carte daca…

Simti ca o buna educatie a copiilor este imposibila sau iti doresti sa lasi deoparte toate modelele ineficiente de crestere a copiilor.

Pe scurt…

Copiii nostri ne vor creste asa cum si noi ii crestem pe ei.

Ideile Cheie…

Parintii isi pun increderea in reguli si principii si le aplica pentru ca totul sa iasa bine. Dar aceste metode nu le vor acorda copiilor ceea ce isi doresc: sa stie ca sunt unici, sa se simta pe deplin iubiti, sa fie incantati de tine si de Dumnezeu.

Pasi spre actiune…

  • Fii constient de faptul ca copilul tau te va invata mai multe lucruri decat il inveti tu.
  • Fii multumitor pentru copiii tai si pentru maturitatea pe care o vei castiga. Bucura-te de acesta perioada, accepta-ti propriile neajunsuri si asculta cu atentie ceea ce au de spus copiii.
  • In loc sa cauti sa aplici reguli copilului tau, incearca sa treci prin perioadele mai dificile intelegandu-ti copilul. Fiecare copil va apela la flexibilitatea ta asa cum tu te vei adresa problemelor lor specifice.
  • Maturitatea nu se poate realiza fara incercari. Intelegand ca suferinta va fi un factor important al vietii tale, putem sa ii invatam pe copii prin aratarea in mod sincer a problemelor cu care te confrunti. Fereste-te de pericolul de a folosi o bucurie contrafacuta ca modalitate de a reusi sau de a trai cu impresia ca cele mai importante lucruri in viata sunt bucuria si productivitatea.
  • Nu trebuie sa atarnam de falsa idée ca influentele corecte vor avea cu siguranta rezultate pozitive. Trebuie sa ii aducem pe copiii nostri la un nivel in care sa vada caracterul lui Dumnezeu, in special mila si puterea Sa.
  • Toti copiii au in minte aceleasi intrebari: “Sunt iubit?” si “Pot sa merg pe calea mea?”. Nu le putem raspunde corespunzator pana nu stim raspunsurile noastre la aceste intrebari. Daca te uiti la Dumnezeu, El iti va raspunde: “Da, esti iubit mai mult decat iti imaginezi” si “Nu, nu poti merge pe calea ta. Daca vei continua sa mergi pe calea Mea, vei avea cea mai mare satisfactie pe care o poti cunoaste”. ( Majoritatea copiilor au aceste intrebari si trebuie sa ne facem timp si sa ii ascultam).
  • Autorul coreleaza cele doua intrebari esentiale ale copiilor “Sunt iubit?” si “Pot merge pe calea mea?” cu raspunsurile pe care le dau de obicei parintii. Aceste raspunsuri includ a fi periculos si injositor, obligat de reguli si plictisit, distant si indulgent sau aratand bucurie si sprijin. Mr. Allender accentueaza faptul ca raspunsul plin de bucurie si sprijin va fi cel mai benefic pentru copil.
  • Nu putem intotdeauna aplica reguli fixe in cresterea copiilor. Trebuie sa acceptam misterul fortelor opuse demonstrate de insusi Dumnezeu: intimitate si individualism, sprijin si mila. Chiar si in esecul nostru inevitabil de a reflecta caracterul lui Dumnezeu, ne vom intalni cu grija lui Dumnezeu si astfel ne va modela singura noastra speranta, in timp ce ne atintim privirile la Singurul care ne poate iubi in mod perfect.
  • In timp ce ne odihnim in realitatea harului imens a lui Dumnezeu, caracterul Sau va incepe sa ne descopere libertatea si siguranta pe care o aflam in El. In aceasta siguranta adevarata ar trebui parintii nostri sa se odihneasca cu curaj.
  • Joaca impreuna cu copiii tai le va dezvolta abilitatile, caracterul si va asigura contextul in care sa traiasca viata la care Dumnezeu ii cheama. A va juca impreuna este mai important decat sarcina insasi sau decat rezultatul.

Citate…

  • “Una din probleme este ca suntem prea orientati pe copii. Ne petrecem prea multi bani si timp pe lucruri care sa il satisfaca pe copil, acestea concurand cu lucrurile simple si cu aprecierea profunda pe care ar trebui sa o avem pentru copiii nostri. In schimb, banii si timpul pe care le irosim implicandu-I pe copii in diferite activitati si o gramada de alte lucruri lumesti alimenteaza sentimentul copilului de a avea dreptate si impresia parintelui ca acesta este doar o pierdere de energie, timp si bani”. Pg 7
  • “ Trebuie sa cream ceva cu totul nou fata de ceea ce am invatat de la parintii nostri. Copiii nostri traiesc intr-o lume diferita si trebuie sa ascultam ce au de spus daca vrem sa invatam cum sa ii crestem bine”. Pg 69

Diverse…

Chiar daca autorul nu ne ofera solutii pas cu pas despre ce trebuie sa facem, el impartaseste faptul ca modul sau de a actiona este sa afirme ceea ce este evident. De exemplu, fata lui, care este la varsta adolescentei, plangea iar el a batut la usa si i-a zis: “Am auzit ca plangi. Usa era inchisa. Stiu ca acum nu mai plangi, dar stiu ca esti incruntata. Stiu ca intimitatea este mai importanta pentru tine decat mancarea. Stiu ca acum faci grimase.” Ultima fraza este importanta. Am incercat acest lucru cu baietelul meu de 4 ani si de obicei se inveseleste, zambeste si este mult mai receptiv.

Cum a schimbat modul de a-mi creste copiii…

Onestitatea lui Dan fata de esecurile sale este extraordinara si incurajatoare. Ma obliga sa caut in smerenie ajutorul Domnului si sa invat mai mult despre El si despre dragostea si mila pe care o are fata de mine. Sunt foarte multe povesti si anecdote in aceasta carte.

© 2014 The Family Resource Library

Related Topics: Book Review, Children, Parent Resources, Christian Home, Fathers, Men's Articles, Mothers, Parenting, Women's Articles

2. Recenzie de Carte -- Granite in relatia cu copiii

Titlul cartii: Granite in relatia cu copiii

AutorHenry Cloud, John Townsend

Anul publicarii2001

EdituraZondervan

Pagini224

Site-ul Autoruluihttp://www.cloudtownsend.com

Cartea este disponibila in limba engleza si ceha

Ar trebui sa citesti cartea asta daca…

Vrei sa ii oferi copilului tau un mediu sigur pentru a deosebi binele de rau, pericolul de siguranta, binele de mai bine si viata de moarte. Aceasta carte te va ajuta sa il inveti pe copil sa isi asume responsabilitatea si sa isi dezvolte caracterul.

Pe scurt…

Cartea explica cum sa ii impui anumite limite copilului tau si cum sa insufli copilului acel caracter care il va conduce la o viata de adult echilibrata, productiva si implinita.

Ideile cheie:

  • Atunci cand ii impui anumite limite copilului tau, el se simte de fapt mai in siguranta si mai iubit. Una din dificultatile de a fi parinte este de a tolera si a indura neplacerea copilului tau fata de limitele impuse. Acesta iti va testa hotararea si taria de caracter pentru a il invata despre realitatea inconjuratoare. Ceea ce trebuie sa faci este sa rezisti testelor, sa iti stapanesti mania, bosumflarea, isteria.
  • Este foarte important sa il inveti pe copilul tau lectia consecintelor faptelor sale. Nu deveni sentimental sau cicalitor. Empatizeaza cu copilul, dar asigura-te ca comportamentul sau il va costa oportunitatea de a face ceva ce lui ii facea placere.
    • Spune-i ca, din pacate, consecintele sunt rezultatul natural al faptelor sale. Daca copilul obisnuieste sa intarzie la masa, el va trebuie sa ramana fara mancare. Intotdeauna sa iti tii promisiunea fata de consecintele faptelor sale.
    • Pastreaza consecintele pentru probleme serioase. Ar trebui aplicate pentru un comportament care in timp ar deveni o problema grava de caracter.
    • Acorda consecinte imediate.
    • Vorbeste cu copilul tau despre neascultare si comportament nepotrivit intr-un moment cand el nu se comporta astfel.
    • Hotaraste ca onestitatea sa fie un lucru normal in viata zilnica de familie si stabileste limite solide ale necinstei.
    • Iti doresti ca copilul tau sa dezvolte o dorinta in a face lucrurile bune si a le evita pe cele gresite din dragoste pentru ceilalti si pentru Dumnezeu.
    • Ajuta-l pe copil sa vada ca viata nu inseamna a evita durerea. Viata nu inseamna evitarea durerii, ci a invata cum sa suferi in mod constructiv.

Pasi spre actiune…

  • Indentifica acele calitati pe care vrei ca el sa le aiba atunci cand va deveni adult si ajuta-l sa inceapa sa dezvolte aceste calitati inca de pe acum, cat sunt inca tineri. Exemple de calitati care ar putea fi dezvoltate: afectiunea, responsabilitatea, respectul fata de autoritate, initiativa (abilitatea de a incepe lucruri), maturitatea, orientare spre adevarurile biblice, viata centrata in Dumnezeu.
  • Imbina intotdeauna dragostea cu limitele.
  • Atunci ca ii vei prezenta limitele copilului tau:
    • Explica-i-le clar.
    • Spune-i care sunt asteptarile tale.
    • Scrie pe o foaie cu se va intampla atunci cand copilul tau nu va implini asteptarile tale – va pierde privilegii, etc. Pedeapsa ar trebui sa fie in acord cu fapta savarsita. De exemplu, daca in mod repetat copilul tau intarzie la cina, intr-o seara nu isi va mai primi portia. Daca fiica ta nu isi indeplineste treburile casnice, ea ar putea pierde un privilegiu pe care restul familiei il va primi. Daca va incepe sa lucreze la un proiect pentru scoala pe ultima suta de metri, ar putea primi o nota proasta. Stabileste consecinte pozitive pentru situatiile in care asteptarile tale au fost indeplinite.

Citate:

  • “Onestitatea incepe cu parintele care este un exemplu in acest sens, care cere sinceritate din partea copiilor sai si asigura un mediu in care acestia pot fi sinceri. In general, toti copiii ascund adevarul atunci cand acesta ii ameninta. Asadar, parintele trebuie sa creeze un context in care tendinta naturala a copilului de a ascunde adevarul sa fie invinsa. Acest lucru necesita un echilibru discret intre siguranta si standarde. “ Pg 34
  • “Acorda libertate, solicita responsabilitate, vorbeste despre consecinte si fi iubitor in toate acestea” Pg 65
  • “ Acoda-i har ( un favor nemeritat) si adevar, fa lucrul acesta in timp si va exista o mare posibilitatea ca acea persoana sa creasca intr-o persoana cu un caracter minunat. Harul presupune suport, resurse, dragoste, compasiune, iertare si toate lucrurile pe care le primim noi in relatia cu Dumnezeu. Adevarul este structura de baza a vietii, el ne spune cum ar trebui sa ne traim vietile si ce inseamna viata cu adevarat” Pg 67-68

Diverse:

  • Daca este un conflict intre tine si copilul tau, fi bun si iubitor, dar in acelasi timp ramai suficient de puternic ca ei sa stie ca sentimentele lor nu te-au inmuiat. Lasa-ti mandria de o parte. Dupa conflict, apropie-te de copilul tau. Lasa-l pe copil sa intealaga ca relatia voastra este mai importanta decat conflictul. Dragostea ta va ramane dupa ce acest conflict va fi trecut.
  • Solutia pentru dreptate ( a gandi ca tu meriti un anume lucru) este smerenia.
  • Pastreaza limitele si evidentiaza-le in functie de cum percepi copilul – dragoste si limite. Daca nu lasi deoparte furia, rusinea si scuzele, limitele vor deveni adversarul. Empatia iti va da puterea de a nu intra in conflicte puternice cu copilul tau.

Cum a schimbat modul de a-mi creste copiii…

Una din dificultatile de a fi parinte este de a tolera si a indura ura copilului tau fata de limitele impuse. Copilul tau iti va testa hotararea si taria de caracter pentru a invata despre realitatea inconjuratoare. Ceea ce trebuie sa faci este sa rezisti testelor, sa iti stapanesti mania, bosumflarea, isteria. Eu tind sa devind foarte sensibila si iau lucrurile personal, iar aceasta a fost o lectie pentru mine in a separa emotiile si a impune limite.

Atunci cand copiii fac alegeri gresite, subliniaza pierderea lor. De exemplu:” Este foarte trist ca nu te poti juca astazi. Stiu ce simti. Imi pare rau ca pierzi meciul. Si eu ma simt foarte rau atunci cand nu primesc ceea ce imi doresc.” “Cred ca iti este foame. Nici mie nu imi place sa ratez mesele”. Este important sa subliniezi si sa-ti impui anumite limite in acelasi timp – acest lucru te tine aproape de copilul tau in mijlocul disciplinarii.

Acorda recompense pentru: obtinerea unor noi abilitati si indeplinirea lor intr-un mod exceptional. Este in regula sa recompensezi un baietel de 2 ani pentru ca a invatat sa foloseasca olita. Nu acorda recompense pentru lucruri pe care ar trebuie sa le faca la varsta respectiva, sau lucruri care sunt asteptate sa fie facute ( ca de exemplu, munca). Cred ca este un punct important deoarece, de multe ori, copiii sunt recompensati pentru lucruri care ar fi trebui sa le faca oricum. Astfel, am invatat sa ii recompensez numai in situatii speciale. Altfel, copilul va crede ca tot timpul trebuie sa primeasca ceva.

Nu ii da impresia copilului tau ca iubesti la el doar partile perfecte mai mult decat ii iubesti lucrurile mediocre. Am tendinta de a fi perfectionista si foarte dura cu mine insumi, si nu vreau sa transmit asta si in educarea copiiilor. Acest lucru va fi de ajutor atunci cand copiii mei vor incerca anumite lucruri si vor esua – daca ei vor sti ca ii iubesc la fel de mult atunci cand nu reusesc ceva ca atunci cand au avut o reusita – nu le va fi frica sa incerce lucruri noi.

Aplica consecintele promise. Este asa usor sa nu ma tin de promisiune atunci cand copiii mei se uita la mine cu ochii in lacrimi, dar trebui sa imi amintesc ca nu ii voi ajuta daca nu ma voi tine de ceea ce am promis.

 © 2014 The Family Resource Library

Related Topics: Parent Resources, Christian Home, Mothers, Parenting, Women's Articles

11. Recenze knihy -- Jak vytvořit zdravou a šťastnou rodinu

Autor: Jim Burns, Ph.D.

Rok vydání: 2001

Vydavatel: Word Publishing

Počet stran: 188

Webová stránka autora: http://www.youthbuilders.com

Jazyk vydání: anglický

Tuto knihu byste si měli přečíst v případě, že …

Chcete vychovávat své děti k vyššímu sebevědomí a zároveň přenést na příští generace trvalý odkaz lásky a zdraví. Tato kniha vás ubezpečí, že žádná „perfektní“ metoda pro rodičovství neexistuje a že většina rodičů si ve výchově dětí a rodičovství vede velmi dobře, jen o tom neví.

„V kostce”…

Existuje 10 rodinných zásad, které fungují. 1. Buďte své rodině vždy oporou, 2. Vyjadřujte přízeň, laskavost a podporu, 3. Budujte zdravé morální zásady a hodnoty, 4. Disciplína a důslednost, 5. Zbavte se bez milosti stresu, 6. Komunikace je klíčová, 7. Pro pevná rodinná pouta je zásadní hra, 8. Milujte svého partnera, 9. Nejlepší věci v životě nejsou věci, 10. Povzbuďte duchovní růst své rodiny.

Hlavní myšlenky …

Rodič vyjadřuje přízeň, laskavost a podporu. Od svých dětí neustále vyžadujeme kázeň, zároveň je však neponižujeme ani nezesměšňujeme. Komunikace je klíčem – důraz je kladen více na interakci jako takovou než na její výsledek, základem je dobrý vztah a nikoli obsah sdělení. Při komunikaci s dětmi musí být rodiče vždy otevření a jednotní.

Hra, humor a zábava jsou pro zdravou a šťastnou rodinu zásadní. Společná hra nám poskytuje hlubší pocit sounáležitosti. Rodiče musí aktivně pracovat na tom, aby se tento pocit stal hlavním cílem rodiny.

Láska k partnerovi a její vyjádření před dětmi je optimálním faktorem pro výchovu sebevědomého dítěte. Vaše manželství se může stát největším rodinným vkladem.

Finance mohou rodinu zničit, proto dbejte na to, aby se peníze nestaly ve vašem životě předmětem úspěchu. Naučte se utrácet méně než vyděláte, nepřekračujte rodinný rozpočet, nevytvářejte si dluhy a upozaďte věci, po nichž toužíte. Buďte věrnými správci vlastních prostředků a uvědomte si, že vlastníkem všeho je Bůh, který nám pouze půjčuje věci, z nichž se můžeme radovat.

Nejlepším způsobem k dosažení disciplíny je důslednost. Cílem disciplíny je naučit děti zodpovědnosti a ne jen slepému poslouchání. Nechceme své děti ovládat. Chceme je ovlivnit příkladem vlastního chování.

Chceme-li vytvořit šťastnou a zdravou rodinu, je třeba z rodinného života vyškrtnout stres. Všichni si potřebujeme ve svém programu vytvořit prostor, který nám umožní trochu se nadechnout tak, abychom své závazky nepřeháněli a nedostali se do krizových situací. Krizové situace, vznikající na základě příliš velkého množství činností, jsou velmi nebezpečné a mohou ohrozit rodinný život. Vzájemné vztahy se tímto životním stylem naruší a všichni členové rodiny budou trpět citovou vyprahlostí.

Čas strávený s Bohem je klíčem k tomu, aby se člověk stal dobrým rodičem a předal trvalý odkaz do budoucna. Modlete se se svým partnerem za svou rodinu, pomůže vám to nalézt v životě skutečné priority a věci, které jsou opravdu důležité. Zaměřte se na rodinný duchovní život společně strávenými zbožnými chvílemi, modlete se společně a vytvořte si rodinnou ústavu. Rodinná ústava je písemný seznam tužeb, hodnot a postojů vaší rodiny.

Kroky (které můžete podniknout) …

Každých šest měsíců by rodiče měli naplánovat den, jenž se bude vymykat běžnému režimu a pomůže jim strávit více času s každým ze svých dětí. Zmapujte si rozvrh činností každého dítěte a rozhodněte, do čeho se chcete zapojit. Nezapomeňte vzít v úvahu kulturní vlivy a na následujících 6 měsíců si vytvořte program rozvoje morálních zásad, vztahů/přátelství, zdraví a duchovního růstu svého dítěte.

Udržujte komunikaci tím, že si každý den najdete čas promluvit si s dítětem a naslouchat mu.

Rozhodně omezte ty rodinné činnosti, které vás nutí zvládnout více činností a věnujte se spíše vztahům než činnostem.

Buďte důslední, pokud jde o disciplínu a neobviňujte se, pokud občas selžete.

Citace …

„Ve snaze vybudovat pevná rodinná pouta rodiče často vyhledávají nejnovější trendy. Odpověď je přitom velmi jednoduchá a leží na dosah ruky. Investujte čas a energii a buďte tu pro své děti. Výsledkem je naděje a jistota pro všechny.“ (str. 12)

„Většina odborníků na rodinné otázky tvrdí, že rodina, která se společně modlí, spolu i zůstane. Já bych k tomu dodal, že rodina, která si společně hraje, bude mnohem šťastnější a zdravější.“ (str. 122)

Statistiky a zajímavá fakta…

„Pokud umožníte svým dětem, aby začali chodit na rande ve věku 12 let, 91% z nich okusí sexuální styk před svým 18. rokem. Pokud jim randění umožníte až ve věku 16 let, sníží se toto procento na 20%.“ Str. 39

Různé …

Autor knihy Jim Burns je křesťanský psycholog, který pracoval s mnoha rodinami, jež se ocitly v krizi. Média mají převážně tendenci prezentovat ve vztazích rodičů a dětí negativní otázky, na celém světě však existují tisíce a tisíce rodin, které jsou velmi úspěšné a dokáží zvládnout rodinné záležitosti pozitivním způsobem.

Jak kniha ovlivnila mé rodičovství …

Tato kniha mi skutečně pomohla zjednodušit náš rodinný život. Vždycky jsem si přála, aby můj život byl jednodušší a méně chaotický, ale měla jsem pocit, že musíme dělat všechno to, co dělají ostatní. Tato kniha mi dovolila se zastavit a začít dělat to, co je nejlepší pro mou rodinu a nesnažit se pouštět se do všeho. Díky menšímu počtu činností jsme teď všichni vyrovnanější a máme více času vzájemně si užívat to, čemu se každý z nás věnuje. Vztahy jsou mnohem důležitější než to, co v daný moment děláte.

© 2014 The Family Resource Library

Related Topics: Book Review, Children, Parent Resources, Christian Home, Fathers, Men's Articles, Mothers, Parenting, Women's Articles

Women's Ministry FAQ

1. How can I begin or develop a ministry to women in my local church?

2. Why is training necessary?

Includes:
  • How important is training? (KD)
  • Where do I begin in training leaders?
  • What types of training are necessary?
  • How do you best coordinate training of Women's Ministries leaders with larger church leadership?

3. How do I utilize volunteers?

4. How do I plan Retreats?

 

 

Developing a Ministry to Women

How can I begin or develop a ministry to women in my local church?

Whether you are serving in an existing women’s ministry in your church or you have been asked to begin such a ministry, this section seeks to address questions and provide resources to support and encourage you in your unique situation.

Why women’s ministry? 

This is a common inquiry by church leadership in beginning a women’s ministry.  In addition to the command in Titus 2:4 that older women train the younger women, women understand women and identify with their life circumstances.  This article by Vickie Kraft, who ministered to women for over fifty years, addresses both the underlying biblical validity of women’s ministry together with excellent examples. 

https://bible.org/article/women-mentoring-women-qualified-ministry

How do I begin? I have an interest in seeing our church minister specifically to women.

The place to begin is to pray. Any church ministry is best approached as a team effort. Find several other women who would be willing to meet with you and pray regularly (weekly or bi-weekly) about how God would have you proceed.  Read several books together and begin to develop your unique direction.

Suggested books:

  • Women Mentoring Women, Vickie Kraft
  • Designing Effective Women’s Ministries, Jill Briscoe
  • Leading Women to the Heart of God, Lysa M. TerKeurst

How do I begin to recruit leadership and plan a women’s ministry?

Following are several articles that provide practical processes, job descriptions and underlying understanding of the uniqueness of feminine leadership,

https://bible.org/article/recruiting-leadership

https://bible.org/article/womens-bible-study-small-group-leaders-handbook

https://bible.org/article/feminine-face-leadership

https://bible.org/series/influential-woman

What are some thoughts from those who have participated?

http://blogs.bible.org/engage/melanie_newton/womens_leadership_training_to_overcome_the_its_my_ministry_mentality

 

 

Why Is Training Necessary?

As in any other area of service, including employment, training is of vital importance. Properly trained volunteers are critical in making any organization, especially ministries who run on volunteer work, successful. Common questions and ideas about training follow:

How important is training?

Christian leaders learn to be leaders from somewhere. Without guidance, they usually do it the way they have seen it done—and that is not always a good thing! Unless someone equips them with a vision of what their leadership could be and shows them how to achieve it practically, they will stumble.

Training should always emphasize the vision. “Vision leaks,” Bill Hybels says. Your training reinforces what you are trying to accomplish as leaders. Without that constant reminder, we all grow weary and/or complacent. Training is an opportunity to reenergize as a group and remember why we are there putting forth so much effort.

In addition, training actually creates better leaders. When I trained small group leaders, I gave them many useful hints, often suggestions that I wish someone had shared with me before I started leading. I had no one to train me, and so I remember my early attempts at leading a group in horror. All the good intentions and efforts in the world do not make a good leader. There are skills to master, and I can speak from experience that training is a far better way to learn them than trial and error.

Where do I begin in training leaders?

  • Define your goals then develop a plan to meet them. Then put these into a form which   allows a lay person to be successfully trained.
  • After individuals have expressed interest in being involved in the women’s ministry, ideally the leader of the ministry will meet with the volunteer and get to know her, her interests, strengths and personal gifting. This meeting is important to both parties since each need to learn about the other.
  • Adequate training, giving the individual the expectations and the tools to meet the expectations are necessary. Many volunteers have been lost due to inadequate training and frustration over not having the tools to do what is required. An indication of willingness to help is an encouraging first step. Training the volunteer to be successful is an equally important second step.

What types of training are necessary?

How do you best coordinate training of Women's Ministries leaders with larger church leadership?

That is a great question because it suggests that there should be both cooperation and coordination.

Being on a church staff made it easier for me to coordinate with other staff members. In our case, those who led similar ministries met as plans were made for church-wide training, so we all knew the purpose and topics. I was able to then plan my ministry’s leadership training as a complement by putting our focus on other topics or relating the church-wide training more specifically to women and their needs.

If you are not part of such discussions, perhaps because you are a volunteer, set up a meeting with the staff member in charge of the larger training. If he plans to independently determine the topics and purpose of the church-wide training, express your desire not to be repetitive but to provide complementary training. Ask him for periodic meetings or emails to inform you about upcoming training topics so that you can encourage your leaders to attend and also be selective with the topics of your own training. Stress your desire to support his training and focus your training on the specifics of your area.

If your church does not have anyone in charge but each ministry works independently, it is more difficult to coordinate training. If a staff member oversees various ministries, prayerfully consider asking if he might gather the leaders to brainstorm training ideas in line with the church mission. If no one on staff has that role, consider suggesting a meeting to all who do training to learn from each other and better coordinate.

Several years ago I was at a conference at a mega-church which had done good follow-up research to their training. They informed us that volunteers better respond to training of a smaller, more cohesive group led by a leader of their ministry than a large less-personal training from someone with whom they had no relationship. So coordination is great, but don’t completely replace your own training with church-wide training that is less specific to your volunteers and their needs.

Whatever you do, proceed with respect and in prayer for unity and wisdom.

 

 

How do I utilize volunteers?

Training – as stated above, give your volunteers the proper tools to succeed.

Touch – very important is to stay in touch with your volunteers! Your ministry is dependent upon these people and they must know they are valued. Keep them in the loop with updated information on the ministry and encourage them along the way.

Encouragement – by all means, make sure they know they are appreciated. People will always do more than is expected of them when they know they are appreciated. Don’t take your volunteers for granted; train, encourage and edify them as they give of their time and talents to the ministry.

Volunteers are the backbone of the church. I have volunteered in a myriad of roles as well as serving as on church staff leading ministry, coordinating many volunteers. When workers are not used well, they don’t volunteer very long.

Volunteers must feel valued, needed, and well placed. They tend to be competent, smart, and experienced. To use such people well, tap into those strengths so they know that they are not simply there to handle your to-do list. You must include them in the discussion as to how the event, program, small group, etc. will be done. Involve them in the planning. Instead of micro-managing them, train them to carry out their responsibilities.

Always check on a new volunteer’s progress, but don’t panic if she is not doing it your way or according to your timing. If you find that someone is lagging too far behind, however, it is best to sit down with them and ask if there are personal or coordination issues that are causing delays.

As you match a volunteer with a responsibility, talk to them about what they love to do and what they do well. Using them within their gifting places them where God has designed them to thrive. But keeping in mind that most positions contain some elements that will bring out their weaknesses, discuss those elements of the role as well.

Write a job description of every position so there are no surprises. Although this takes a lot of time on your part, it is worth the investment in the future and in your team member. Volunteers often tell me that the person who recruited them was less than open about the work involved. Don’t fear a refusal. You don’t need warm bodies but volunteers who are all in.

Make sure your volunteer catches the ministry’s vision because that keeps her going. If a potential helper doesn’t share your dream, she will be unwilling to persevere when things go wrong—and they will.

When their responsibilities are over, acknowledge your volunteers in a public way if possible. Show your appreciation by taking the extra time needed to write them notes and even giving small gifts, if possible.

In God’s bigger picture of his kingdom work, your volunteers are there to serve God and you are there to serve them. Love on them; appreciate them; train them; and help them see their responsibilities as God’s eternal work. If you do that, you will have volunteers that stick with you for the long run.

Link to Bill Hybels’ book The Volunteer Revolution: Unleashing the Power of Everybody:

http://www.amazon.com/The-Volunteer-Revolution-Unleashing-Everybody/dp/0310252385

 

 

Women’s Retreats

Women’s Retreats are designed to re-charge women spiritually, emotionally, and physically. Whether you are beginning to plan a retreat or you have been asked to be a Retreat speaker, we have resources for you.

Planning a Retreat:

1. “Retreats: First Things First” https://bible.org/article/retreats-first-things-first

2. Sue Edwards’ book Women's Retreats: A Creative Planning Guide

Sample of a Retreat:

Link to Dianne Miller’s retreat “Women of Influence Surrounding the Life of Moses”:

https://bible.org/series/women-influence-surrounding-life-moses

You are the Retreat Speaker:

“So You Think You Want to Be a Speaker” article: https://bible.org/article/so-you-think-you-want-be-speaker

Related Topics: Issues in Church Leadership/Ministry, Leadership, Women's Articles

Lesson 16: The Encouragement of Our Salvation (1 Thessalonians 5:9-11)

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November 13, 2016

In a world where bad news and serious problems from around the world daily flood into our lives through various news sources, it’s easy to become discouraged and depressed. It often seems like the wicked prosper while the godly suffer. We may feel like crying out with David (Ps. 13:1):

How long, O Lord? Will You forget me forever?
How long will You hide Your face from me?

Perhaps even the thought of Christ’s return and the final judgment fills you with anxiety rather than encouragement and hope. How can you be sure that the day of the Lord will be good for you and not an awful day of judgment? In 1 Thessalonians 5:8, Paul states that as believers we are to put on as a helmet “the hope of salvation,” which refers to the future aspect of our salvation when Christ returns and we shall always be with the Lord (4:17). He has just described that time as “the day of the Lord,” which will come on those in spiritual darkness suddenly, unexpectedly, and inescapably. But it will not surprise us who are children of light and day. We should be alert and sober as we live in anticipation of that great day.

But, even so, some Christians may feel a bit anxious about that day. They worry, “What if my life doesn’t measure up? What if my faith in Christ is a bit shaky or my love for God and for others is a bit lukewarm or even cold?” If our salvation is based on our performance, we might be anxious about that coming day. So Paul goes on to remind us of the basis of our salvation and to exhort us to encourage and build up one another with this truth:

Since our salvation is based on God’s purpose, God’s provision, and God’s promise, we should encourage and build up one another with this wonderful truth.

1. Our salvation is based on God’s purpose.

1 Thess. 5:9: “For God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ ….” The verb translated “destined” means, “to destine or appoint someone to or for something” (A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament, by Walter Bauer, William Arndt, and Wilbur Gingrich [University of Chicago Press], 2nd ed., p. 816). It “is used regularly for God’s sovereign determination of events” (Milligan, cited by Robert Thomas, Expositors Bible Commentary [Zondervan], ed. by Frank Gaebelein, 11:284). Jesus uses it with reference to the apostles (John 15:16), “You did not choose Me but I chose you, and appointed you that you would go and bear fruit, and that your fruit would remain, so that whatever you ask of the Father in My name He may give to you.” Paul uses it to refer to his appointment as an apostle (1 Tim. 2:7). Hebrews 1:2 says that God appointed Christ “heir of all things.” Peter uses it (1 Pet. 2:8) with reference to those who stumble over Christ because they are disobedient to the word, explaining, “and to this doom they were also appointed.” All of these uses (plus others) “refer to God’s sovereign determination of someone for his own particular purposes” (G. K. Beale, 1-2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], p. 152).

This is called the doctrine of predestination. Many Christians stumble over it, often because they do not understand it rightly. It does not mean that we’re pre-programmed robots, unable to make real choices. The Bible clearly teaches that we all make choices for which we are responsible. No one can blame God, his parents, or his circumstances for the unwise or sinful choices that he makes. While we’re all affected by our upbringing, our circumstances, our personalities, and many other factors outside of our control, we are still responsible for the choices we make.

What predestination means is that God has a plan or purpose for the ages and that He can and will carry out that plan. No one would consider building a house without detailed plans. It’s inconceivable that the One who spoke the universe into existence did so without a purpose or plan for what He chooses to accomplish through His creation!

The Bible repeatedly affirms this. At the end of his ordeal, Job answered the Lord and said (Job 42:2), “I know that You can do all things, and that no purpose of Yours can be thwarted.” Psalm 33:11 affirms, “The counsel of the Lord stands forever, the plans of His heart from generation to generation.” Psalm 103:19 proclaims, “The Lord has established His throne in the heavens, and His sovereignty rules over all.” Psalm 115:3 answers the nations that insolently ask, “Where, now, is their God?” with, “But our God is in the heavens; He does whatever He pleases.” Isaiah 14:24 asserts regarding the demise of powerful Babylon, “The Lord of hosts has sworn saying, ‘Surely, just as I have intended so it has happened, and just as I have planned so it will stand.’” In Isaiah 46:10, God declares, “My purpose will be established, and I will accomplish all My good pleasure.”

Since God’s glory through His plan of salvation is at the center of why He created the universe, again, it’s inconceivable that He would leave the outcome of that plan up to the choices of fallen, rebellious sinners. Paul says that Satan, “the god of this world, has blinded the minds of the unbelieving so that they might not see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ” (2 Cor. 4:4). “The natural man does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually appraised” (1 Cor. 2:14). “The mind set on the flesh is hostile toward God; for it does not subject itself to the law of God, for it is not even able to do so, and those who are in the flesh cannot please God” (Rom. 8:7-8).

These verses show that if anyone is going to be saved, it only can happen because God predestined and causes it to happen. The Bible plainly states this (Eph. 1:4-6): “just as He chose us in Him before the foundation of the world, that we would be holy and blameless before Him. In love He predestined us to adoption as sons through Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the kind intention of His will, to the praise of the glory of His grace, which He freely bestowed on us in the Beloved.” Romans 8:29-30: “For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren; and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified.” The whole of our salvation, from start to finish, comes from God so that He gets all the glory.

God’s foreknowledge does not mean that He knew in advance who would choose Him, so He put them on His list. That would mean that He made up His plan based on the choices of sinners, who (as we just saw) are incapable of choosing Christ. It would mean that God peered down through history and exclaimed, “Oh, good! Paul of Tarsus is going to choose Me! I was hoping that he would do that, because I knew he would make a good apostle.” No, rather, as Geoffrey Bromiley explains (Evangelical Dictionary of Theology [Baker], ed. by Walter Elwell, p. 420), “God’s foreknowledge stands related to his will and power. What he knows, he does not know merely as information. He is no mere spectator. What he foreknows he ordains. He wills it.”

Paul has already mentioned God’s choice of the Thessalonians and the fact that God called them to salvation (1 Thess. 1:4; 2:12; 4:7). He will repeat these truths again (2 Thess. 2:13-14): “But we should always give thanks to God for you, brethren beloved by the Lord, because God has chosen you from the beginning for salvation through sanctification by the Spirit and faith in the truth. It was for this He called you through our gospel, that you may gain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.”

Why does Paul emphasize this so often? Is it just a theological point that doesn’t have much practical value? Hardly! It’s at the basis of our salvation. It means that God set His love on you and prepared a glorious future for you before the foundation of the world. He sent His own Son to pay the price required for your redemption from sin. So your salvation from God’s wrath is secure, not because of your feeble grip on God, but because He planned it and He will finish it (Phil. 1:6). As Jesus declared (John 6:37-40),

“All that the Father gives Me will come to Me, and the one who comes to Me I will certainly not cast out. For I have come down from heaven, not to do My own will, but the will of Him who sent Me. This is the will of Him who sent Me, that of all that He has given Me I lose nothing, but raise it up on the last day. For this is the will of My Father, that everyone who beholds the Son and believes in Him will have eternal life, and I Myself will raise him up on the last day.”

Before we leave verse 9, note also that there are two and only two final destinies for all people: salvation or wrath. In the context, “wrath” is the opposite of the eternal life of salvation, so it refers to the eternal wrath of God (Matt. 25:41; Mark 9:47-48; Rev. 20:10-15; John 3:16). God’s wrath is His settled opposition to all sin. Salvation refers to all of the blessings that God promises to His elect (Eph. 1:3; Rom. 8:28-39; 1 Cor. 2:9). John 3:36 clearly contrasts these two opposite destinies: “He who believes in the Son has eternal life; but he who does not obey the Son will not see life, but the wrath of God abides on him.”

I recently listened to a sermon by a local pastor who said that he does not believe in the eternal, conscious punishment of the wicked. He said that either they will be annihilated (cease to exist) or they eventually will be reconciled to Christ. He wasn’t sure which view he believes. While eternal punishment is a difficult doctrine, it’s really inescapable in God’s word. In Matthew 25:46, Jesus concluded His discourse on the end times, “These [the wicked] will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.” Just a few verses earlier (Matt. 25:41), Jesus says that the wicked will be cast into “the eternal fire which has been prepared for the devil and his angels.” If eternal life lasts forever, then eternal punishment in the eternal fire lasts forever.

So Paul’s first point is that our salvation is based on God’s eternal purpose, which can never fail. If you ask, “How can I know whether God has destined me for salvation?” my answer is, “If your trust is in Christ alone, you’re destined for salvation.”

2. Our salvation is based on God’s provision through the death of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Paul says that salvation is “through our Lord Jesus Christ, who died for us” (1 Thess. 5:9b-10). If 1 Thessalonians was Paul’s earliest writing, then this is the first time in his writings that he states the specific means by which Christ procures our salvation (Thomas, p. 285). By mentioning this briefly in passing here, we can assume that Paul had emphasized it when he was in Thessalonica. Also, in Acts 17:3, Luke summarizes Paul’s preaching in the synagogue there. He reasoned with them from the Scriptures, “explaining and giving evidence that the Christ had to suffer and rise again from the dead, and saying, ‘This Jesus whom I am proclaiming to you is the Christ.’” The substitutionary death of Christ is at the heart of the gospel (John 3:16; Gal. 2:20).

Someone may ask you or perhaps you wonder, “Why did Jesus have to die for our salvation? After all, if someone wrongs me, I can just forgive him. Why couldn’t God forgive us without Jesus needing to die?” The answer is: If God didn’t punish all sin, He would not be holy and just. As the righteous Judge of the universe, He has declared that the wages of sin is death (Gen. 2:17; Ezek. 18:20; Rom. 1:32; 6:23). Since we all have sinned many times, we all deserve death, which is ultimately eternal separation from God in the lake of fire (Rev. 20:10-15). But in His great love and mercy, God sent Jesus, His eternal Son, to bear the penalty that we deserve. As Paul explains (Rom. 5:8), “But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.”

This means that our salvation is not based on how many good works we can pile up or how many merits we may accumulate. Rather, it is based on God’s gracious choice of us and His provision of Jesus Christ to bear our sins on the cross (1 Pet. 2:24; 3:18). The good news is (Eph. 2:8-9), “For by grace you have been saved through faith; and that not of yourselves, it is the gift of God; not as a result of works, so that no one may boast.” Or, as the beloved John 3:16 states, “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.” Salvation, which means deliverance from God’s wrath or perishing, is God’s free gift to all who believe in Jesus and His death for their sins.

But, how do we know that this is true? Maybe it’s just Paul’s wishful thinking.

3. Our salvation is based on God’s promise of eternal life.

After stating that Christ died for us, Paul adds (1 Thess. 5:10b), “so that whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him.” If we will live together with Christ, it means that He is alive forevermore. God raised Jesus from the dead. Our entire faith rests on this historical truth (1 Cor. 15:17): “If Christ has not been raised, your faith is worthless; you are still in your sins.”

Jesus repeatedly predicted both His own death and resurrection (Matt. 16:21). In the Upper Room, He told the anxious, sorrowing disciples (John 14:18-19), “I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you. After a little while the world will no longer see Me, but you will see Me; because I live, you will live also.” Jesus kept that promise by revealing Himself to the disciples after His resurrection. They were so confident that Jesus was risen and coming again that they were willing to suffer and die for that truth. Our salvation is based on God’s promise of eternal life to all who believe that (1 Cor. 15:3), “Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He was raised on the third day according to the Scriptures.” In our text the future tense, “we will live together with Him,” refers to the culmination of our salvation when Jesus comes again (as we saw in 1 Thess. 4:14-17).

But I need to clear up an interpretive matter in verse 10. A few (Thomas, ibid.) argue that by the phrase, “awake or asleep,” Paul means (as he discussed in 5:1-8), “Whether we are spiritually alert and expecting Christ’s coming or spiritually asleep and insensitive to His coming, we will live with Him when He comes.” In other words, since our salvation is based on Christ’s finished work, it cannot be nullified by our lack of readiness. But such a meaning completely undermines the exhortation to spiritual alertness that Paul has just given. F. F. Bruce, Word Biblical Commentary, 1 & 2 Thessalonians [Thomas Nelson], p. 114) puts it more strongly: “It is ludicrous to suppose that [Paul] means, ‘Whether you live like sons of light or like sons of darkness, it will make little difference: you will be all right in the end.’”

Rather, the Bible consistently teaches that those who are new creatures in Christ will live differently than the world. It’s not automatic or there wouldn’t be the many exhortations to obedience that we find in the New Testament. But if God has changed your heart through the new birth, you cannot live comfortably or complacently in sin (1 John 3:9). First John 2:3-4 states, “By this we know that we have come to know Him, if we keep His commandments. The one who says, ‘I have come to know Him,’ and does not keep His commandments, is a liar, and the truth is not in him.”

So when Paul says, “whether we are awake or asleep,” he means it in the sense of 1 Thessalonians 4:13-17, “whether we are living when Christ comes or whether we died before He comes.” (BAG Greek lexicon and most commentators interpret it this way.) Living or dead, we will be given eternal resurrection bodies when Jesus returns and live forever with Him. That’s God’s promise to all who believe in Jesus!

Paul concludes with a practical exhortation:

4. We should encourage and build up one another with the wonderful truth of salvation.

1 Thess. 5:11: “Therefore encourage one another and build up one another, just as you also are doing.” When Paul exhorted the Thessalonians to walk so as to please God, he added (1 Thess. 4:1), “Just as you actually do walk.” When he exhorted them to love one another, he acknowledged (1 Thess. 4:10), “for indeed you do practice it toward all the brethren ….” So here, when he exhorts them to encourage and build up one another, he adds, “just as you also are doing.” In each case, he is trying to motivate us to “excel still more” (1 Thess. 4:1, 10). We always have room to grow in pleasing God, loving one another, and encouraging and building up one another.

To encourage means continually to strengthen by one’s words (Leon Morris (The First and Second Epistles to the Thessalonians [Eerdmans], p. 163). To build up implies the need for continual growth in the things of God. Paul combines the concept of using our words to build up others in Ephesians 4:29: “Let no unwholesome word proceed from your mouth, but only such a word as is good for edification according to the need of the moment, so that it will give grace to those who hear.” “Unwholesome” means “rotten.” Rather than hurling rotten tomato words at someone, our words should be aimed at building up the other person according to the need of the moment. If you think, “But the other person deserves a rotten tomato,” Paul adds, “so that it will give grace to those who hear.” Grace is undeserved favor. We should not return evil for evil or insult for insult, but rather give a blessing instead (1 Pet. 3:9).

This process of encouraging and building up is the responsibility of the entire church, not just of the leaders. If you know Christ, as a member of His body, you’re responsible to encourage and strengthen others in matters pertaining to salvation. The church will only be strong when every member seeks to build up other members. As Paul writes (Eph. 4:15-16), “but speaking the truth in love, we are to grow up in all aspects into Him who is the head, even Christ, from whom the whole body, being fitted and held together by what every joint supplies, according to the proper working of each individual part, causes the growth of the body for the building up of itself in love.”

Conclusion

John Stott (The Message of 1 & 2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], p. 115) points out that although the Thessalonians’ problem was personal and pastoral (they were grieving about the loss of loved ones and anxious about the Lord’s coming), his solution was theological. Their problem was emotional, but Paul gives them a solid dose of God’s sovereign election, the substitutionary death of Christ, and His second coming. In other words, properly understood, theology is not abstract, impractical theory that doesn’t relate to life. Rather, sound doctrine is the foundation for solving our personal and emotional problems.

One final thought: To encourage and build up others with sound doctrine, you’ve got to be learning and applying that truth to your own life first. You can’t impart what you do not possess and practice. Preach the gospel to your own soul every day! Go deeper in your understanding of biblical truth. When you consistently experience the encouragement and hope of your salvation, then you can encourage and build up your brothers and sisters with that glorious truth.

Application Questions

  1. What do you find difficult about the doctrine of predestination? What do you find personally helpful about it?
  2. Why is the doctrine of Christ’s substitutionary atonement for our sins absolutely essential to the Christian faith?
  3. Does the teaching that true Christians obey Christ undermine the truth of justification by faith alone? Why/why not?
  4. Some Christian psychologists contend that to preach sound doctrine to an emotionally hurting person is “worthless medicine.” Agree/disagree? Why?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2016, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Character of God, Christian Life, Soteriology (Salvation)

6. What Happens to Sideline Saints?

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Lesson 17: Responsibilities in the Local Church (1 Thessalonians 5:12-13)

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November 20, 2016

Everyone wants healthy relationships, but sometimes we assume that such relationships just blossom spontaneously. If they thrive, it’s wonderful; but if they suffer, oh well—there’s not much we can do about it! But the reality is that healthy relationships entail responsibilities. For relationships to flourish, all of the parties involved must understand and work at fulfilling their mutual responsibilities. This is true in our marriages, our families, and in the local church. Healthy churches don’t just happen. Healthy churches require that both leaders and members fulfill their responsibilities.

So Paul concludes this letter to a young church in a pagan city with some practical counsel about their responsibilities in the local church. John Stott (The Message of 1 & 2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], p. 117) calls this final section, “Christian Community,” or, “How to be a gospel church.” Verses 12-15 show that relationships require responsibility. Verses 12 & 13 show the church’s responsibility toward its leaders: Know them; esteem them highly in love; and, live in peace with one another. These verses also show the leaders’ responsibilities toward the church: work hard; have charge over the church; and, admonish the church. Verses 14 & 15 (next week) show the church’s responsibility toward one another: Minister sensitively; and, live lovingly. The main point of the entire section (1 Thess. 5:12-24) is that “God will sanctify and inspire peace in His people that they may be blameless at Christ’s coming” (G. K. Beale, 1-2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], p. 157). In verses 12 & 13, Paul shows that …

The local church and its leaders have mutual responsibilities in the Lord.

We’ll look first at the responsibilities of church members and then at the responsibilities of church leaders.

1. The church is responsible to know its leaders, esteem them in love, and live in peace with one another.

Before we look at these responsibilities in more detail, I need to point out that in the American church we need a major shift in how we think about the church. Americans often view the church as a business or service organization that provides benefits for its members or consumers. Customers shop around for a church that provides the benefits that they’re looking for and then they attend and support the best church. If that church later fails to provide the desired benefits, then the customers look for another church that might do better. Churches often cater to this consumer mindset by marketing the church as offering the best services available. Several years ago I was rather stunned to meet a woman who introduced herself as the “pastor of marketing” for one of the churches in Flagstaff! I must confess that I didn’t know that the church needs a pastor of marketing!

But in the New Testament, the church is not a business that competes in the religion marketplace to provide the best services or benefits for spiritual consumers. Rather, the local church is a living organism composed of those who have believed in Jesus Christ as Savior and Lord. The Holy Spirit has baptized them into the one body of Christ, who is the head. Of course, bodies are highly organized and so churches need organization and management, but the main feature of bodies is life. Church members have received new life in the Spirit, who has gifted each member for service. The local church is only healthy when every member is functioning for the building up of the whole (Eph. 4:12-16).

Another way the New Testament pictures the church is as the family or household of God, which is being built together into His temple or dwelling place. Speaking to the Gentiles, who formerly were alienated from God’s people, but now in the church are on equal standing with Jewish believers, Paul wrote (Eph. 2:19-22):

So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints, and are of God’s household, having been built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus Himself being the corner stone, in whom the whole building, being fitted together, is growing into a holy temple in the Lord, in whom you also are being built together into a dwelling of God in the Spirit.

So we need to get rid of the American notion that the church is a business or service organization that provides benefits for consumers. We need to adopt the New Testament picture of the church as the body of Christ, the household of God. As members of the body or God’s household, here are three responsibilities that Paul mentions to this young church. (Obviously, these are not comprehensive, but focus on particular needs in that church.)

A. The church is responsible to know its leaders.

Verse 12 is variously translated: “appreciate” (NASB), “respect” (NIV, ESV), “recognize” (NKJV), or “give recognition to” (HCSB). The Greek verb is simply, “know.” This probably means that they were to recognize certain men as the legitimate leaders of the church and give them due respect (Gene L. Green, The Letters to the Thessalonians [Eerdmans/Apollos], p. 248). Dr. John Walvoord (The Thessalonian Epistles [Zondervan], pp. 89-90) explains that this church had only been in existence a few months, so every member was a relatively new convert. None had any seminary or Bible college training. Yet God had raised up some as leaders. Perhaps Timothy had appointed leaders when he made his follow-up visit under Paul’s direction. Some in the church may have said or thought about these leaders, “Who do they think that they are to take on a leadership role in the church? We all became believers at the same time.” So Paul is urging the church to recognize or respect those whom God had raised up as leaders.

We don’t know whether they were yet called elders or overseers, although Paul does describe part of their responsibility as “having charge over you in the Lord.” The New Testament uses three words for the same office: elders, overseers, and pastors (or shepherds; Acts 20:17, 28; Eph. 4:11; 1 Tim. 3:1; Titus 1:5, 7; 1 Pet. 5:1-4). “Elder” reflects the spiritual maturity necessary for the office. “Overseer” focuses on the spiritual and administrative requirement for the body to function well. And “pastor” looks at the task of shepherding God’s flock.

On his first missionary journey, Paul revisited the churches that he had founded and appointed elders in every church (Acts 14:23). Later, when he wrote Philippians, he addressed the letter to the saints, including the overseers and deacons (Phil. 1:1). Deacons (which as I understand it, may be male or female; 1 Tim. 3:8-13; Rom. 16:1) serve by assisting the elders in practical matters (Acts 6:1-6; see my message on 1 Tim. 3:8-13, “Servants: Official & Otherwise,” 3/13/94). The qualifications for these offices are similar, except that elders must be able to teach God’s Word (1 Tim. 3:2; Titus 1:9). The other qualifications focus on godly character.

Also, the New Testament always refers to a plurality of elders in each church. In Acts 20:17, Paul called to himself “the elders of the church” in Ephesus. In Titus 1:5, Paul reminds Titus that he was to “appoint elders in every city.” Since there was at that time only one church per city, Paul meant for there to be several elders in each church. It may be that in a large city like Ephesus, each elder was in charge of a particular house church, since the church did not meet in its own building. But there were elders (plural) in every church (singular). The only time the New Testament mentions one man who was over a local church, the apostle John condemns Diotrephes, who loved to be first among them (3 John 9-10).

Granted, one man may be a leader among the elders, as James, the brother of the Lord, seems to have been in Jerusalem (Acts 15:6-30; 21:8); but he worked with the other apostles and elders (Acts 15:22; Gal. 2:9). There is wisdom in a multitude of counselors (Prov. 11:14; 15:22) and a plurality of elders provides checks and balances. The pastor is not supposed to “run the church.” Rather, together the elders’ are to discern the will of God for His church as they seek the Lord and interact together.

So, whether the nuance is “know,” “appreciate,” “respect,” or “recognize,” your church leaders, how do you do it? Well, one starting point would be to get to know them! Have them and their families over for dinner. Learn about how they met the Lord and what has helped them to grow in the Lord. Find out what their concerns are as they seek to lead the church so that you can pray faithfully for them. Ask how you can help serve them as they serve the church.

B. The church is responsible to esteem its leaders very highly in love.

1 Thess. 5:13: “Esteem them very highly in love because of their work.” The verb translated “esteem” means to think or consider. The adverb translated “very highly” is used in Ephesians 3:20 where Paul says that God is able to do “far more abundantly beyond” all we ask or think. So rather than gripe about church leaders (as we tend to complain about our political leaders), Paul says that the church should “hold them in the highest regard in love because of their work” (NIV). Their work is overseeing, guarding, and shepherding those whom Christ bought with His own blood (Acts 20:28). I assure you, it is not easy work!

There is one sense in which every member of Christ’s body is responsible to help shepherd the other members. You know certain members of this church far better than any of the elders will ever know them. If you sense that they are struggling or straying from the Lord, then you should come alongside and try to help them get back on track (Rom. 15:14; Gal. 6:1; 1 Thess. 5:14). If the problem is bigger than you can help with, call one of the elders and seek his help. We can shepherd God’s flock better together than if you dump the job totally on the elders.

Esteeming an elder very highly in love does not mean that you should never raise concerns or problems that you see in the church. Elders can’t do their jobs well if they are not aware of problems that need addressing. But there is a right and a wrong way to bring up problems. When my children were still in the home, I wanted them to feel free to talk to me about things that they weren’t happy about in the home. But I didn’t allow them to do so defiantly. They needed to respect my authority in the Lord as their father. The same analogy carries over to the local church. God has put elders over you in the church (more on that in a moment). You are to esteem them very highly in love in the Lord. With that attitude, you’re free to bring problems or complaints to them (not to everyone else in the church!). But also, you need to understand that the elder to whom you complain may ask you to get involved in the solution!

Also, if an elder mistreats you in any way or if you observe something in his conduct or his teaching that violates Scripture, you need to go to him privately and talk to him about the matter. If he doesn’t listen to you, take one other person and go to him. If he doesn’t listen to both of you, then take the matter to the other elders (Matt. 18:15-17). Regarding a leader highly in love does not mean that he is free from correction when he is wrong. Pastors are not exempt from rebuke as “God’s anointed,” as some teach!

But, also, if an elder confronts you about some sin or shortcoming that he sees in your life, you still need to regard him highly in love because of his work! You should assume that he is admonishing you because he loves you and cares about you. Don’t react by thinking or saying, “Who does he think he is? He’s got his problems, too! What gives him the right to correct me?” God’s word says that God gave him that right, or responsibility. And it isn’t an easy responsibility! So know (respect) your leaders and esteem them highly in love because of their work.

C. The church is responsible to live in peace with one another.

If you stir up dissension in the church by complaining or you get into personal squabbles with other members of the church, you make the elders’ job much more difficult! As I just said, if there is a legitimate problem that needs to be addressed, please bring it to the attention of an elder! False doctrine or serious disobedience in the church needs to be dealt with. But all too often, churches divide over selfish, petty matters. I’ve heard of churches that have divided because the announcements got moved from the middle of the service to the beginning, or because the worship leaders use drums! As Paul commanded (Col. 3:15), “Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body; and be thankful.”

But, although Paul is primarily addressing church members in verses 12 & 13, embedded in his request are some responsibilities of church leaders. Again, this list is not comprehensive:

2. Church leaders are responsible to work diligently in the church, to have charge over the church in the Lord, and to admonish the church.

A. Church leaders are responsible to work diligently in the church.

There’s an old joke that being a pastor doesn’t pay very well, but the hours are great: 11-12 on Sunday! With the non-paid elders, even the pay isn’t there! Paul here may be countering those in the Thessalonian church who were not working, but sponging off the rest of the body (2 Thess. 3:6-12). Perhaps if any of the elders were being supported by the church, there was the tendency to slack off. Most of them were probably bi-vocational, and when push came to shove, church duties took second place.

In 1 Timothy 5:17, Paul writes, “The elders who rule well are to be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who work hard at preaching and teaching.” “Double honor” refers both to respect and to financial remuneration. But that double honor is to go to those who “work hard at preaching and teaching.” To do that job well is hard work! At least for me, messages don’t float down from heaven each week! They require many hours of labor.

I had an older pastor friend in California who wanted to get together with me often, but I often had to say no because I was swamped just trying to get my work done each week. I finally asked him how many hours each week he spent in ministry. He said, “About thirty.” I was stunned, in that I’ve always tried to limit myself to fifty hours a week. It was no wonder he had time to get together with me more often than I did with him!

B. Church leaders are responsible to have charge over the church in the Lord.

Herodotus and Plato used the word translated, “have charge over you,” to refer to leadership in an army, a state, or a party. In the New Testament, Paul uses it when he says that both elders and deacons must be “good managers of their own households” (1 Tim. 3:4, 5, 12), and when he said that elders who “rule well” should be considered worthy of double honor (1 Tim. 5:17). So it includes responsibility for the management or oversight of all aspects of a local church: preaching the word, guarding the flock from false teaching, guiding them in the ways of the Lord, helping resolve conflicts between members, overseeing church finances, and providing overall direction for the church.

Elders are not to carry out these responsibilities by lording it over the flock, but rather by example and gentle exhortation (Luke 22:25-27; 1 Pet. 5:2-3; 2 Tim. 2:24-26; 1 Thess. 2:7-8, 11-12). On their part, the church is required to follow the elders’ leadership and submit to them, unless they are in serious doctrinal error or sin. Hebrews 13:17 (a scary verse for every elder!) commands, “Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls as those who will give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with grief, for this would be unprofitable for you.”

I think that we often carry our American democracy mindset too far into local church government. While the entire congregation is given many important responsibilities in the functioning of the church, the elders have the final authority and responsibility in the Lord. That little phrase added to “have charge over you,” namely, “in the Lord,” means that elders are subject to the Lord. They will answer to Him. It’s like authority in the home: husbands are responsible for the direction of their families, but that doesn’t mean being dictators. Any God-given authority is primarily a responsibility, not a perk. But those under authority also need to submit to authority (an un-American concept!).

This also means that when we “elect” elders, we shouldn’t view it as voting for the candidates. Rather, we are giving our prayerful judgment that the men recognized as elders meet the qualifications spelled out in Scripture. We shouldn’t put any man into the office of elder so that he will begin doing the work of an elder. Rather, the man should be doing the work and because of that, we recognize him as an elder. Elders must be hard workers who have charge over the church in the Lord.

C. Church leaders are responsible to admonish the church.

The NASB translates, “give you instruction,” but as the marginal reading notes, it literally is, “admonish you” (ESV, NIV, NJKV). Paul uses the same word in verse 14, “admonish the unruly.” Paul is the only person in the NT to use this word. In Acts 20:31, he reminded the Ephesian elders, “Therefore be on the alert, remembering that night and day for a period of three years I did not cease to admonish each one with tears.” It has the nuance of giving verbal correction, whether individually or when teaching a larger group. It’s the task of every church member, not just of the elders (1 Thess. 5:14; Rom. 15:14; Col. 3:16; Eph. 6:4). But it is especially the task of the elders.

Let’s face it: Admonishing someone is never a pleasant task! Usually the person being admonished will resist your counsel or attack you in response because he doesn’t want to face his sin. But if you care about him and want him to be all that God wants him to be (which is the heart of biblical love), then you must admonish him if he’s heading toward a spiritual cliff. A good shepherd doesn’t watch a sheep stray toward a cliff and say, “That sure seems dumb! I’ll bet he’ll go over the side!” Rather, the shepherd does everything he can to keep the sheep from danger and harm.

The main job of a faithful pastor is to preach the word, which involves reproving, rebuking, and exhorting (2 Tim. 4:2). Paul explains (2 Tim. 4:3-4), “For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but wanting to have their ears tickled, they will accumulate for themselves teachers in accordance to their own desires, and will turn away their ears from the truth and will turn aside to myths.” That means that when you choose a church, don’t pick one where the pastor always gives “feel good” messages. If a pastor’s sermons never step on your toes, then he isn’t doing his job, because the Bible often steps on our toes! It never does that to harm us, but rather to correct us so that we will be blessed by lives that conform to the image of Jesus Christ. Church leaders are responsible to use God’s word to admonish the flock.

Conclusion

To review: Healthy relationships and a healthy church don’t just happen. They require certain responsibilities. You’re responsible to recognize and respect church leaders, to esteem them very highly in love, and to live in peace with other church members. The leaders are responsible to work diligently in shepherding the flock, to have charge over the church in the Lord, and to admonish the church as needed.

Someone has observed that God is going to salvage only two things off this planet: His Word, which endures forever; and, His church, consisting of all who believe in Him. So our responsibilities in the local church are important in light of eternity. “Therefore, my beloved brethren, be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that your toil is not in vain in the Lord” (1 Cor. 15:58).

Application Questions

  1. How can we change the common idea that the church is made up of “spiritual consumers,” rather than committed, serving members?
  2. In looking for a solid church, what qualities in order would you look for? (See Joshua Harris, “How to choose a church,” on the church website.)
  3. How might God want you to be more committed to this church?
  4. Spiritual authority sounds kind of scary (we think of some abusive cult leader!). Do we give this the proper biblical emphasis? (See Titus 2:15 & Hebrews 13:17.)

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2016, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Ecclesiology (The Church)

Lição 3: A Travessia do Jordão (Josué 3:1-4:24))

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Introdução

É capaz de pensar no seu passado e lembrar-se de um dia pelo qual tenha esperado bastante tempo com grande antecipação e entusiasmo? Enquanto crianças, o Natal e os aniversários eram dias assim. Mais tarde, talvez pensasse no dia da formatura, do seu casamento ou quiçá no momento da conquista do direito a disputar alguma competição importante, como os Jogos Olímpicos.

Dependendo da natureza do dia e do que pudesse implicar, tal momento traria também uma certa ansiedade, dado o desafio a ser enfrentado. Esperou meses, semanas e dias, até que, finalmente, esse dia chegou. Consegue imaginar a antecipação e entusiasmo com que o povo de Israel lidava diante do Rio Jordão, na noite anterior à sua travessia em direcção à terra?

A geração anterior não pudera entrar devido a descrença, e a nova geração aguardara muito tempo - quase quarenta anos para alguns. Com cerca de 80 anos de idade, Josué e Caleb haviam esperado ainda mais. De acordo com a promessa feita aos Patriarcas, a antecipação judaica remontava a quinhentos anos atrás. Porém, Josué diz ao povo neste momento: “Santificai-vos, porque amanhã fará o Senhor maravilhas no meio de vós” (3:5).

Contudo, não obstante o entusiasmo, haveria decerto alguma ansiedade ao contemplarem o rio transbordante, pensando nas cidades fortificadas que se erguiam na outra margem. A vida é assim mesmo. Frequentemente, com as nossas esperanças no seu auge, existem desafios e problemas que enfrentamos em simultâneo.

Depois de escutarem uma mensagem numa conferência bíblica sobre como lidar com o desânimo, três pessoas procuraram o orador: uma jovem mãe, que não dormira na noite anterior por o seu marido ter chegado a casa às 22 horas e 30, anunciando-lhe que queria divorciar-se; um pastor, cuja filha adolescente estava a rebelar-se contra Deus; e uma trabalhadora cristã, cujo marido dera entrada no hospital para tratamento a um tumor cerebral.

Um pastor declarou: “O problema é que enfrentamos dificuldades que nós não conseguimos resolver: este cliente que tenho de atender, este exame que tenho de fazer, esta dívida que tenho de pagar, estes parentes que tenho de suportar, este vício que tenho de deixar, este casamento que tenho de salvar.” 1

Mas assim é viver num mundo decadente. A par das nossas esperanças e alegrias, surgem problemas para os quais não dispomos nem da força, nem da sabedoria necessárias. Precisamos da força que vem de cima. A batalha é realmente do Senhor, e era isto que estava a ser ensinado a Israel neste capítulo. Donald Campbell intitula o capítulo 3 de “Passando a Vau Rios Intransponíveis”.

As Necessárias Provisões para a Travessia (3:1-6)

1 Levantou-se, pois, Josué de madrugada, e partiram de Sitim, e vieram até ao Jordão, ele e todos os filhos de Israel; e pousaram ali, antes que passassem. 2 E sucedeu, ao fim de três dias, que os príncipes passaram pelo meio do arraial; 3 E ordenaram ao povo, dizendo: Quando virdes a arca do concerto do Senhor, vosso Deus, e que os sacerdotes, levitas, a levam, parti vós, também, do vosso lugar, e segui-a. 4 Haja, contudo, distância entre vós e ela, como da medida de dois mil côvados; e não vos chegueis a ela, para que saibais o caminho pelo qual haveis de ir; porquanto por este caminho nunca passastes antes.

5 Disse Josué, também, ao povo: Santificai-vos, porque amanhã fará o Senhor maravilhas no meio de vós. 6 E falou Josué aos sacerdotes, dizendo: Levantai a arca do concerto e passai adiante deste povo. Levantaram, pois, a arca do concerto, e foram andando, adiante do povo.

O Lugar Preeminente da Arca (vss. 1–4)

Para além da forma miraculosa como o rio Jordão foi atravessado, o aspecto mais importante deste capítulo é a Arca da Aliança. A sua proeminência é realçada pelo número de vezes em que é mencionada ao longo dos capítulos 3 e 4 (nove vezes no capítulo 3 e sete vezes no capítulo 4), bem como pela natureza das ordens e declarações dadas a seu respeito.

O que há de tão importante acerca da Arca? Representava a pessoa e promessas de Deus. Apontava para o facto de que, ao sair para atravessar o Jordão, invadir e possuir a terra, o povo de Israel não deveria basear-se na sua própria força, mas sim na de Deus, já que Ele mesmo seguia diante deles como fonte de vitória.

Este é o caso com tudo na vida. Tal como Paulo clamou ao contemplar os desafios e provações do ministério, “E, para estas coisas, quem é idóneo?”. Mas em seguida respondeu à sua própria questão com estas palavras: “E é por Cristo que temos tal confiança em Deus; não que sejamos capazes, por nós, de pensar alguma coisa, como de nós mesmos, mas a nossa capacidade vem de Deus” (2 Cor. 3:4-5).

O Povo Consagrado (vss. 5-6)

No versículo 5, Josué ordena às pessoas que se santifiquem, em concordância com as maravilhas que Deus realizaria entre elas no dia seguinte. Mas o que significa a palavra “santificar”? Não é exactamente o que esperaríamos de um ponto de vista militar. O líder militar actual diria: “Afiai as vossas espadas e lanças, e poli os vossos escudos!”. Porém, os caminhos de Deus não são os nossos. Para o povo de Deus, a preparação espiritual é o elemento vital, ao estar justamente relacionada com Deus e ao trazer o Seu poder para as nossas obras e ministério.

“Santificar” corresponde ao hebraico qadash, podendo significar “ser santificado, posto à parte, consagrado” ou “consagrar, pôr à parte, preparar, dedicar”. Mas aqui aparece no seu radical reflexivo hithpael, que significa “consagrai-vos, ponde-vos à parte, preparai-vos”. Este radical assinala a nossa responsabilidade pessoal.

No Antigo Testamento, esta palavra é frequentemente usada (em particular em Êxodo e Levítico) em associação com os sacrifícios, sacerdócio e abluções do Antigo Testamento, e ainda relativamente aos filhos de Israel enquanto povo de Deus. A este respeito, era especialmente utilizada em ligação com a confissão ou a purificação mediante o uso dos sacrifícios, abluções e oblações do Antigo Testamento (Êx. 19:10, 22; 40:13). Retrata a necessidade de lidar com o pecado na vida. Aplicava-se quanto a reservar alguma coisa para uso do Senhor e Seus propósito, no sentido de a purificar, preparar e dedicar ao Senhor (por exemplo, a santificação do Monte Sinai (Êx. 19:22); a preparação de Aarão através das vestes sacerdotais e a unção para o ministério (Êx. 28:3, 41); colocar à parte para o uso de Deus através do sacrifício e unção (Êx. 29:1, 36, 37; 29:44; 40:13)).

Aplicação: Repare em Josué 3:5b: “porque amanhã fará o Senhor maravilhas no meio de vós”. Quando existe uma falta de santificação através da confissão para profanação do pecado, a par com o compromisso relativo ao propósito de Deus para as nossas vidas no serviço ou ministério, criamos obstáculos ao poder de Deus. Mas há mais neste chamamento à santificação. “O povo de Israel deveria esperar que Deus operasse um milagre. Deveriam estar ansiosos, tomados por uma noção de maravilha. Israel não poderia perder de vista o seu Deus, capaz de fazer o incrível e humanamente impossível.”2

Duas ideias-chave estão envolvidas - Preparação e Dedicação:

(1) Lembra-nos da santidade de Deus. Deus É santidade absoluta, completamente afastado do pecado. Ele É um Deus santo, que não pode estabelecer amizade com um homem pecaminoso ou admitir o pecado na Sua presença sem uma solução para o problema do pecado.

(1) Mostra a necessidade de sacrifício pelo pecado, ou a cruz de Cristo. Sem fé na cruz e sua purificação, nenhum homem pode ser colocado à parte para uso ou bênção de Deus.

(2) Deus não utiliza instrumentos contaminados. Para os crentes, salvos e purificados pela obra de Cristo, esta ordem de santificação demonstra a necessidade de purificação através da confissão ou de estarmos bem com Deus e os homens, de modo a sermos usados por Deus e experienciarmos a Sua salvação. A fim de experimentarmos o poder, protecção e salvação de Deus, precisamos de preparar o nosso coração e lidar com o pecado conhecido nas nossas vidas mediante a confissão (compare Josué 7:13 com Êx. 19:10, 22).

(4) Mantendo em mente a ideia de dedicação associada a esta palavra, a ordem recorda-nos da necessidade de compreender o nosso propósito enquanto povo de Deus, a par com o compromisso relativamente a Deus e Sua vontade. Significava que deveriam pôr-se à parte para Yahweh de modo a atravessarem o Jordão e poderem entrar na terra, derrotar os inimigos e tornarem-se um testemunho para as nações (Êx. 19:4‑6).

(5) A ordem, especialmente à luz da teologia do Novo Testamento, sugere a necessidade da intervenção do Espírito Santo e Seu controlo para uma vida santificada. Esta ordem sugere isto devido à prevalência da unção mencionada em associação com a santificação dos sacerdotes, etc. (compare também com Êx. 40). Realça a necessidade de preenchimento pelo Espírito Santo enquanto agente habilitador de Deus para lidar com as forças organizadas contra nós - a carne, o diabo e o mundo (Actos 1:8; Efésios. 3:16; 5:18; Gál. 5:16 ss e 6:1).

A Promessa da Passagem pelo Jordão (3:7–13)

7 E o Senhor disse a Josué: Este dia começarei a engrandecer-te perante os olhos de todo o Israel, para que saibam que, assim como fui com Moisés, assim serei contigo. 8 Tu, pois, ordenarás aos sacerdotes que levam a arca do concerto, dizendo: Quando vierdes até à borda das águas do Jordão, parareis no Jordão. 9 Então disse Josué aos filhos de Israel: Chegai-vos para cá e ouvi as palavras do Senhor, vosso Deus.10 Disse mais Josué: Nisto conhecereis que o Deus vivo está no meio de vós; e que de todo lançará de diante de vós aos cananeus, e aos heteus, e aos heveus, e aos pereseus, e aos girgaseus, e aos amorreus, e aos jebuseus. Eis que a arca do concerto do Senhor de toda a terra passa o Jordão diante de vós. 12 Tomai, pois, agora, doze homens, das tribos de Israel, de cada tribo um homem; 13 Porque há-de acontecer que, assim que as plantas dos pés dos sacerdotes que levam a arca do Senhor, o Senhor de toda a terra, repousem nas águas do Jordão, se separarão as águas do Jordão, e as águas que de cima descem pararão num montão.

No fundo, estes versículos reforçam o conceito da graça. Mostram que atravessar o Jordão e despojar os inimigos (bem como todos os aspectos da nossa salvação e santificação) são obra de Deus. As coisas que fazemos na santificação não são actos de justiça merecedores do favor de Deus ou que derrotam os inimigos. Em vez disso, actos de santificação, como a confissão, removem as barreiras ao poder e amizade de Deus, preparando os nossos corações para receberem a Sua graça; edificam a nossa fé, de modo a colocarmos os pés na água, atravessarmos e avançarmos contra o inimigo.

A Promessa a Josué (vs. 7)

Para serem eficazes, os líderes precisam das referências certas: treino bíblico sólido sob homens de Deus, que verdadeiramente conhecem Deus e a Sua palavra; e a mão de Deus, presente de modo óbvio na vida do líder. Assim, estava na hora de Deus estabelecer Josué como Seu representante para guiar a nação.

Atente a Josué 4:14. É significante ter sido Deus a realizar a exaltação. A nossa tendência é exaltarmo-nos a nós mesmos; porém Josué, referindo-se à mensagem de Deus, nada disse acerca desta promessa de exaltação. Em lugar disso, ao mencionar as palavras de Deus concernentes a Israel, focou a atenção das pessoas no facto de que era o Deus vivo quem estava entre elas, e que apenas Ele despojaria os inimigos da terra (vs. 10).

As Ordens para os Sacerdotes (vs. 8)

Dado serem os sacerdotes que levavam a Arca da Aliança, e uma vez que a mesma representava a pessoa e poder de Deus, transportariam sozinhos a Arca até à borda do rio, mantendo-se quietos dentro de água. O que retiramos daqui? Somos lembrados do nosso papel no plano de Deus. Devemos aprender a caminhar na fé e obediência aos princípios e promessas da Escritura. O sucedido recorda-nos da necessidade de confiarmos nas promessas de Deus. Não era suposto que entrassem nas águas a correr. Trata-se de uma passagem idêntica às palavras de Moisés em Êxodo 14:13-14, quando os israelitas se encontravam cercados, tendo à sua frente o Mar Vermelho e atrás de si o Faraó e suas carruagens.

Moisés, porém, disse ao povo: Não temais; estai quietos3 e vede o livramento (hebraico, yeshu‚àa‚) do Senhor, que hoje vos fará: porque aos egípcios, que hoje vistes, nunca mais vereis, para sempre: O Senhor pelejará por vós, e vos calareis. (Êxodo 14:13-14).

Sou recordado de Isaías 30:15: “Porque, assim diz o Senhor Jeová, o Santo de Israel: Em vos converterdes, e em repousardes, estaria a vossa salvação; no sossego e na confiança estaria a vossa força, mas não quisestes…”

A Palavra do Senhor ao Povo (vss. 9-13)

A mensagem principal do versículo 9 consiste em escutar as “palavras do Senhor, vosso Deus”. Nisto observamos o conceito de Romanos 10:17, “De sorte que a fé é pelo ouvir, e o ouvir pela palavra de Deus”. O que podemos aprender aqui que se aplique à liderança? Entre o povo de Deus, a autoridade dos líderes tem de ser a Escritura, em detrimento da sua personalidade, carisma ou qualquer outra coisa que apele às pessoas.

A que se refere a palavra “Nisto” no versículo 10? À Arca da Aliança. Repare no versículo 11. Focava-se na verdade de que “a batalha é do Senhor” ou, como Josué disse, “Nisto conhecereis que o Deus vivo está no meio de vós; e que de todo lançará de diante de vós aos cananeus, …” (3:10). O que sustém os crentes é a presença de Deus enquanto único Deus vivente, independentemente do que a vida possa trazer. O segredo é manter-se concentrado na Sua presença e confiar n’Ele.

Durante a Guerra Civil, a cidade de Moresfield, West Virginia, encontrava-se na linha divisória, oscilando para trás e para a frente entre as tropas da União e da Confederação. Numa velha casa, que ainda hoje existe, vivia sozinha uma mulher de certa idade. Uma manhã, as tropas ianques pisaram o seu alpendre. Julgando-se à sua mercê, ela permaneceu calma e convidou-os a sentarem-se à sua mesa.

Assim que o pequeno-almoço se encontrava diante deles, disse: “É um costume antigo nesta casa rezar antes das refeições. Espero que não se importem”. Com isso, pegou na Bíblia, abriu-a ao acaso e começou a ler do Salmo 27 (Versão Rei Jaime):

“O Senhor é a minha luz e a minha salvação; a quem temerei? O Senhor é a força da minha vida; de quem me recearei? 2 Quando os malvados, meus adversários e meus inimigos, investiram contra mim, para comerem as minhas carnes, tropeçaram e caíram. 3 Ainda que um exército me cercasse, o meu coração não temeria: ainda que a guerra se levantasse contra mim, nele confiaria. … 13 Pereceria sem dúvida, se não cresse que veria os bens do Senhor na terra dos viventes. 14 Espera no Senhor, anima-te, e ele fortalecerá o teu coração; espera, pois, no Senhor.”

Quando terminou, murmurou baixinho “Oremos”. Enquanto rezava, ouviu sons furtivos de sapatos a arrastar. Ao terminar com “Amén”, abriu os olhos. Os soldados tinham desaparecido! A sua falta de medo fizera-os receosos de se deterem ali mais tempo! 4

Travessia pelo Poder de Deus (3:14–17)

14 E aconteceu que, partindo o povo das suas tendas, para passar o Jordão, levavam os sacerdotes a arca do concerto, diante do povo. 15 E quando os que levavam a arca chegaram até ao Jordão, e os pés dos sacerdotes que levavam a arca se molharam na borda das águas (porque o Jordão transbordava sobre todas as suas ribanceiras todos os dias da sega), 16 Pararam as águas que vinham de cima; levantaram-se num montão, mui longe da cidade de Adam, que está da banda de Sartan; e as que desciam ao mar das campinas, que é o mar salgado, faltavam de todo e separaram-se: então passou o povo defronte de Jericó. 17 Porém os sacerdotes que levavam a arca do concerto do Senhor pararam firmes, em seco, no meio do Jordão; e todo o Israel passou em seco, até que todo o povo acabou de passar o Jordão.

Depois de deixarem o acampamento, como instruídos, os sacerdotes lideravam o caminho, carregando a Arca da Aliança, e caminharam até ao Jordão, que transbordara sobre as suas margens. Isso deve ter constituído uma visão aterradora mas, confiando na presença do Deus vivente, avançaram para dentro de água. Imediatamente, ocorreu um milagre.

No Bible Knowledge Commentary, Campbell escreve:

Embora o local chamado “Adam” apenas seja mencionado aqui, é usualmente identificado como Tell ed-Damiyeh, cerca de 16 milhas (26 quilómetros) a norte do baixio oposto a Jericó. Portanto, foi seca uma ampla faixa de leito do rio, permitindo que o povo passasse com os seus animais e bagagens (compare com Josué 4:10).

Como poderia ocorrer este evento sensacional? Muitos insistem que não se terá tratado de um milagre, uma vez que pode ser explicado como um fenómeno natural. Argumentam que, a 8 de Dezembro de 1267, um tremor de terra levou as margens altas do Jordão a colapsar perto de Tell ed-Damiyeh, obstruindo o rio durante 10 horas. Em 11 de Julho de 1927, outro terramoto próximo da mesma localização bloqueou o rio por 21 horas. Claro que estas paragens não ocorreram durante a época das cheias. Admitidamente, Deus poderia empregar causas naturais, tais como um terramoto ou um deslizamento de terra e, ainda assim, o facto de acontecerem no momento perfeito constituiria uma intervenção miraculosa. Mas permite o texto bíblico tal interpretação deste evento?

Considerando todos os factores envolvidos, parece mais acertado olhar para esta ocorrência como um acto especial de Deus, propiciado de uma forma desconhecida ao homem. Foram reunidos muitos elementos sobrenaturais: (1) O evento aconteceu tal como previsto (3:13, 15). (2) Aconteceu no momento exacto (v.15). (3) O evento teve lugar quando o rio se encontrava na fase das cheias (v.15). (4) A parede de água foi mantida no lugar durante muitas horas, possivelmente um dia inteiro (v.16). (5) O leito macio e húmido do rio ficou seco de uma vez (v.17). (6) Mal o povo terminou a travessia e os sacerdotes saíram do rio, a água regressou imediatamente (4:18).5

À medida que uma pessoa estuda o terceiro capítulo e se maravilha face à miraculosa obra de Deus nele retratada, surge um princípio importante que não deve ser negligenciado. Atravessar o Jordão na época das cheias com dois milhões de pessoas teve diversos resultados imediatos: Deus foi magnificado, Josué exaltado (3:5), o povo ficou certamente energizado e motivado, e os habitantes da terra, os cananeus, ficaram aterrorizados (compare com 1:9; 5:1). Deus estava a entregar-lhes a terra. De facto, Ele já o fizera, providencialmente falando (1:2-6; 2:9), porém o povo da terra não ia simplesmente submeter-se. Os nativos resistiriam com todos os recursos ao seu dispor. Atravessar o Jordão e tomar posse do que lhes pertencia não seria fácil. Implicaria batalha atrás de batalha. Cruzar o Jordão, portanto, significava duas coisas para Israel. Primeiramente, deveriam estar totalmente empenhados quanto a avançar contra exércitos, carruagens e cidades fortificadas. Contudo, a fim de serem bem-sucedidos, também teriam de se comprometer com um percurso de fé focado em Yahweh, o único Deus verdadeiro e vivente, em vez de, tal como haviam feito no deserto, caminharem de acordo com a carne e os seus próprios recursos.

Para os fiéis actuais, atravessar o Jordão representa transitar de um patamar da vida cristã para outro. (Não se trata de uma imagem do crente que morre e entra no Céu. Para os israelitas, Canaã dificilmente seria o Paraíso!) É a imagem de penetrar na guerra espiritual, reclamando o que Deus prometeu. Tal deverá significar o fim de uma vida baseada no esforço humano e o início de uma existência de fé e obediência. 6

Preparações para Recordar a Travessia (4:1-24)

1 Sucedeu, pois, que, acabando todo o povo de passar o Jordão, falou o Senhor a Josué, dizendo: 2 Tomai do povo doze homens, de cada tribo um homem; 3 E mandai-lhes, dizendo: Tomai daqui, do meio do Jordão, do lugar do assento dos pés dos sacerdotes, doze pedras; e levai-as convosco, à outra banda, e depositai-as no alojamento em que haveis de passar esta noite. 4 Chamou, pois, Josué os doze homens que escolhera, dos filhos de Israel: de cada tribo um homem; 5 E disse-lhes Josué: Passai diante da arca do Senhor, vosso Deus, ao meio do Jordão; e levante cada um uma pedra sobre o seu ombro, segundo o número das tribos dos filhos de Israel; 6 Para que isto seja por sinal entre vós; e quando os vossos filhos, no futuro, perguntarem, dizendo: Que vos significam estas pedras? 7 Então lhes direis que as águas do Jordão se separaram diante da arca do concerto do Senhor; passando ela pelo Jordão, separaram-se as águas do Jordão: assim, estas pedras serão, para sempre, por memorial aos filhos de Israel.

8 Fizeram, pois, os filhos de Israel, assim como Josué tinha ordenado, e levantaram doze pedras do meio do Jordão, como o Senhor dissera a Josué, segundo o número das tribos dos filhos de Israel, e levaram-nas consigo ao alojamento, e as depositaram ali. 9 Levantou Josué, também, doze pedras, no meio do Jordão, no lugar do assento dos pés dos sacerdotes que levavam a arca do concerto; e ali estão, até ao dia de hoje. 10 Pararam, pois, os sacerdotes que levavam a arca, no meio do Jordão, em pé, até que se cumpriu quanto o Senhor a Josué mandara dizer ao povo, conforme a tudo quanto Moisés tinha ordenado a Josué; e apressou-se o povo, e passou. 11 E sucedeu que, assim que todo o povo acabou de passar, então passou a arca do Senhor e os sacerdotes, à vista do povo. 12 E passaram os filhos de Ruben, e os filhos de Gad, e a meia tribo de Manassés, armados, na frente dos filhos de Israel, como Moisés lhes tinha dito; 13 Uns quarenta mil homens de guerra, armados, passaram diante do Senhor, para a batalha, às campinas de Jericó. 14 Naquele dia, o Senhor engrandeceu a Josué diante dos olhos de todo o Israel; e temeram-no, como haviam temido a Moisés, todos os dias da sua vida.

15 Falou, pois, o Senhor a Josué, dizendo: 16 Dá ordem aos sacerdotes que levam a arca do testemunho que subam do Jordão. 17 E deu Josué ordem aos sacerdotes, dizendo: Subi do Jordão. 18 E aconteceu que, como os sacerdotes que levavam a arca do concerto do Senhor subiram do meio do Jordão, e as plantas dos pés dos sacerdotes se puseram em seco, as águas do Jordão se tornaram ao seu lugar, e corriam, como dantes, sobre todas as suas ribanceiras.

19 Subiu, pois, o povo, do Jordão, no dia dez do mês primeiro; e alojaram-se em Gilgal, da banda oriental de Jericó. 20 E as doze pedras, que tinham tomado do Jordão, levantou Josué em Gilgal. 21 E falou aos filhos de Israel, dizendo: Quando, no futuro, os vossos filhos perguntarem aos seus pais, dizendo: Que significam estas pedras? 22 Fareis saber aos vossos filhos, dizendo: Israel passou em seco este Jordão. 23 Porque o Senhor, vosso Deus, fez secar as águas do Jordão, diante de vós, até que passásseis; como o Senhor, vosso Deus, fez ao Mar Vermelho, que fez secar perante nós, até que passámos. 24 Para que todos os povos da terra conheçam a mão do Senhor, que é forte: para que temais ao Senhor, vosso Deus, todos os dias.

Outro título para este capítulo poderia ser “A fim de que não nos esqueçamos”. A preocupação encontrada na Bíblia quanto à nossa propensão para esquecer o Senhor, as Suas obras de salvação e santificação e o que isto significa para nós mediante o nosso chamamento é um dos temas mais destacados da Escritura.

Comecemos por uma ilustração da vida de Israel, conforme registada para nós em Êxodo 15:

1 Então cantou Moisés e os filhos de Israel este cântico ao Senhor; e falaram, dizendo: Cantarei ao Senhor, porque sumamente se exaltou: lançou no mar o cavalo e o seu cavaleiro. 2 O Senhor é a minha força, e o meu cântico; ele me foi por salvação; este é o meu Deus, portanto, lhe farei uma habitação; ele é o Deus de meu pai, por isso o exaltarei. 3 O Senhor é varão de guerra: o Senhor é o seu nome. 4 Lançou no mar os carros de Faraó e o seu exército: e os seus escolhidos príncipes afogaram-se no Mar Vermelho. 5 Os abismos os cobriram: desceram às profundezas como pedra. 6 A tua dextra, ó Senhor, se tem glorificado em potência: a tua dextra, ó Senhor, tem despedaçado o inimigo; 7 E com a grandeza da tua excelência derribaste aos que se levantaram contra ti: enviaste o teu furor, que os consumiu como restolho. 8 E com o sopro dos teus narizes amontoaram-se as águas, as correntes pararam como montão: os abismos coalharam-se no coração do mar. 9 O inimigo dizia: Perseguirei, alcançarei, repartirei os despojos: fartar-se-á a minha alma deles, arrancarei a minha espada, a minha mão os destruirá. 10 Sopraste com o teu vento, o mar os cobriu: afundaram-se como chumbo em veementes águas. 11 Ó Senhor, quem é como tu, entre os deuses? quem é como tu, glorificado em santidade, terrível em louvores, obrando maravilhas? 12 Estendeste a tua mão direita: a terra os tragou. 13 Tu, com a tua beneficência, guiaste a este povo, que salvaste: com a tua força o levaste à habitação da tua santidade. 14 Os povos o ouvirão, eles estremecerão: apoderar-se-á uma dor dos habitantes da Palestina. 15 Então os príncipes de Edom se pasmarão, dos poderosos dos moabitas apoderar-se-á um tremor, derreter-se-ão todos os habitantes de Canaan. 16 Espanto e pavor cairá sobre eles: pela grandeza do teu coração emudecerão como pedra; até que o teu povo haja passado, ó Senhor, até que passe este povo que adquiriste. 17 Tu os introduzirás e os plantarás no monte da tua herança, no lugar que tu, ó Senhor, aparelhaste para a tua habitação, no santuário, ó Senhor, que as tuas mãos estabeleceram. 18 O Senhor reinará eterna e perpetuamente;

19 Porque os cavalos de Faraó, com os seus carros e com os seus cavaleiros, entraram no mar, e o Senhor fez tornar as águas do mar sobre eles; mas os filhos de Israel passaram em seco, pelo meio do mar. 20 Então Miriam, a profetisa, a irmã de Aarão, tomou o tamboril na sua mão, e todas as mulheres saíram atrás dela, com tamboris e com danças. 21 E Miriam lhes respondia: Cantai ao Senhor, porque sumamente se exaltou, e lançou no mar o cavalo com o seu cavaleiro.

22 Depois, fez Moisés partir os israelitas do Mar Vermelho, e saíram ao deserto de Sur: e andaram três dias no deserto, e não acharam águas. 23 Então chegaram a Mara; mas não puderam beber as águas de Mara, porque eram amargas: por isso, chamou-se o seu nome Mara. 24 E o povo murmurou contra Moisés, dizendo: Que havemos de beber? 25 E ele clamou ao Senhor, e o Senhor mostrou-lhe um lenho que lançou nas águas, e as águas se tornaram doces: ali lhes deu estatutos e uma ordenação, e ali os provou. 26 E disse: Se ouvires atento a voz do Senhor, teu Deus, e obrares o que é recto diante de seus olhos, e inclinares os teus ouvidos aos seus mandamentos, e guardares todos os seus estatutos, nenhuma das enfermidades porei sobre ti, que pus sobre o Egipto; porque eu sou o Senhor que te sara.

27 Então vieram a Elim, e havia ali doze fontes de água e setenta palmeiras: e ali se acamparam junto das águas.

Em apenas três dias, este povo, que assistira e louvara as obras poderosas de Deus, parecia ter desenvolvido um caso súbito e grave de amnésia. Em vez de se queixarem da falta de água e mais tarde das águas amargas de Mara, poderíamos esperar que dissessem: “Senhor, lembramo-nos da forma como nos salvaste da nossa escravidão no Egipto e afastaste as águas do Mar Vermelho, e de como destruíste os cavalos do Faraó, as suas carruagens e cavaleiros no mar; e agora, ó Senhor, sabemos que nos trouxeste até aqui em cumprimento dos Teus propósitos, por isso estamos confiantes de que Tu...”

Contudo, lemos em vez disso: “E o povo murmurou contra Moisés, dizendo: Que havemos de beber?” (Êxodo 15:24).

Foquemo-nos em algumas advertências no Antigo Testamento acerca da memória:

A Fim de que Não Esqueçamos

Para que Possamos Recordar

Êx. 12-51-13:8; Deut. 4:9-10, 23, 31.

Ordens positivas para recordar: Deut. 6:12; Deut. 7:18, Deut. 8:2

Deut. 5:15; 15:15— recordar o negativo, a vida da qual Deus nos redimiu como motivação contra esquecer a graça de Deus.

Ilustrações negativas de recordar, fazendo-nos esquecer o positivo: Núm. 11:5.

Deut. 8:11, 14, 18-19;

Deut. 9:7; 16:3; 32:7

Estes versículos abrangem apenas uma lista parcial de avisos e ordens no sentido de recordar em detrimento de esquecer, conforme as nossas tendências naturais. O memorial das pedras assenta em três objectivos:

(1) Um Sinal Memorial destinado a promover encorajamento e reverência em todo o Israel, para sempre. O nome Gilgal provém de uma palavra que significa “uma roda”; por sua vez, esta deriva da palavra galal, significando “rolar algum objecto sobre, em cima, para longe, contra, até”. Gilgal significa quer “rotação”, quer “círculo de pedras”. Portanto, cada vez que Israel regressasse a Gilgal, veria o círculo de pedras, lembrando o que Deus fizera a fim de afastar o opróbrio do Egipto (repare em Josué 5:9, que utiliza o verbo galal). A própria localização das pedras seria um encorajamento, mas também um lembrete do poder soberano do Senhor sobre as nações e a criação, de modo a que temessem o Senhor eternamente e permanecessem fiéis ao seu propósito no plano de Deus (compare com Êx. 19:4-6; Deut. 4:1-9).

(2) Um Sinal Memorial destinado a promover a instrução das gerações futuras (4:6b-7, 21-23). Em duas secções do capítulo, abrangendo cinco versículos, os pais são lembrados da sua responsabilidade quanto à transmissão da Palavra de Deus e Seu chamamento aos filhos, geração após geração. Os pais não ousam nem podem abdicar desse aspecto. Deus confia-lhes tal privilégio e responsabilidade. (Compare: Deut. 4:9; 6:6 ss; e Juízes 2:1 ss; 3:1-7; 8:34; 21:25.)

(3) Um Sinal Memorial de testemunho para outras nações (4:24a). Aqui, Deus recorda novamente a Israel o seu propósito enquanto nação sacerdotal (Êx. 19:4-6; 1 Pedro 2:5, 9-11). A aplicabilidade na nossa vida deverá ser óbvia. Os cristãos são pedras vivas de um templo santo, memoriais vivos do poder de Deus. Porém, também nós enfrentamos a ameaça de esquecermos o Senhor, olvidando o nosso carácter de peregrinos devido à preocupação com o mundo.

Em jeito de aplicação, quais são algumas das coisas que fazemos regularmente, e somos chamados a realizar, que constituem memoriais da graça salvadora de Deus, bem como do nosso chamamento enquanto crentes em Cristo?

  • Reunirmo-nos semanalmente (Actos 2:42; 1 Cor. 11:17 ss; Heb. 10:23-25).
  • Participar na ceia do Senhor, especificamente destinada a lembrá-Lo, à semelhança de diversas festividades e de dias especiais, como a Páscoa.
  • Cerimónias especiais em várias alturas do ano, como o Natal, Ano Novo e Páscoa, são ocasiões maravilhosas para nos focarmos no Senhor, tornando tais coisas reais na vida dos nossos filhos.
  • Através do nosso tempo pessoal diário na Palavra, de grupos cuidadores e da amizade com outros.

Texto original de J. Hampton Keathley, III.

Tradução de C. Oliveira.


1 Donald K. Campbell, Joshua, Leader Under Fire, Victor Books, Wheaton, 1989, pp. 26-27.

2 John F. Walvoord, Roy B. Zuck, Editors, The Bible Knowledge Commentary, Victor Books, Wheaton, 1983,1985, versão electrónica.

3 A palavra hebraica aqui, yasab, significa “colocar, posicionar-se, tomar o seu lugar”, mas é usada “especialmente quanto a manter-se quieto e passivo, para ver a salvação poderosa de Yahweh. (Francis Brown, S. R. Driver, Charles A. Briggs, A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, Oxford University Press, London, 1907, p. 426).

4 Campbell, p. 30.

5 Walvoord/Zuck, versão electrónica.

6 Walvoord/Zuck, versão electrónica.

Related Topics: Character Study, Sanctification

The Net Pastor's Journal, Eng Ed, Issue 21 Fall 2016

Fall 2016 Edition
Author: Dr. Roger Pascoe, President,
The Institute for Biblical Preaching
Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
(http://tibp.ca/)

C:\Users\Roger\Documents\My Documents\Institute for Biblical Preaching\Forms, Binder Cover Page, Logo\IBP Logos\IBP Logo.jpg

“Strengthening the Church in Biblical Preaching and Leadership”

Part I: The Power For Preaching, Pt. 4

“The Power of Prayer”

E. M. Bounds says the following:

“What the Church needs today is not more machinery or better, not new organizations or more novel methods, but men whom the Holy Spirit can use – men of prayer, men mighty in prayer. The Holy Spirit does not flow through methods, but through men. He does not come on machinery, but on men. He does not anoint plans, but men – men of prayer…Prayer makes the man; prayer makes the preacher; prayer makes the pastor…Every preacher who does not make prayer a mighty factor in his own life and ministry is weak as a factor in God’s work and is powerless to advance God’s cause in this world.” [E. M. Bounds, Power Through Prayer (Moody, 1979), 10, 15].

The heart of spiritual power is prayer. The apostle Paul asked for prayer: “Brethren, pray for us that the word of the Lord may run swiftly and be glorified.” (2 Thess. 3:1). Again Paul asks, “...praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, being watchful to this end with all perseverance and supplication for all the saints – and for me, that utterance may be given me, that I may open my mouth boldly to make known the mystery of the gospel...” (Eph. 6:18-20). And again, “Continue earnestly in prayer, being vigilant in it with thanksgiving; meanwhile praying also for us that God would open to us a door for the word, to speak the mystery of Christ, for which I am also in chains” (Col. 4:2-3)

Notice in these texts, the direct connection Paul makes between prayer and preaching. Clearly in his view, the heart of spiritual power is prayer. So, with that in mind, let’s ask ourselves some tough questions:

1. Why Is Personal Prayer An Important Issue For Powerful Preaching?

To preach with renewed power year after year, a preacher needs to have renewed experiences with God and this can only be entered into through prayer. Personal prayer is the means by which we experience a fresh fellowship and walk with God. It is in private communication with God through prayer that our souls are refreshed and we rediscover over and over again the heart of God.

Nothing encourages and gives spiritual vision more than prayer and the reading of the Word. If a preacher does not pay the price of spending lots of time with God on a consistent basis, he will run dry. But when we spend time in God’s presence, God replenishes our spiritual resources and vitality. Secret prayer changes us and rekindles our passion for God. Only secret prayer keeps us sharp spiritually.

In order to have power in preaching, a preacher must be a man of prayer. Indeed, we are invited by God to come boldly and regularly into His presence to “obtain mercy and find grace to help in time of need” (Heb. 4:16). Through prayer God reveals to us what he wants us to say to the people. This is why personal prayer is a vital issue regarding unction in preaching.

2. Why Is Prayer A Difficult Discipline To Maintain?

Prayer is a difficult discipline to maintain because our adversary, the devil, wants to keep us from it. Satan knows that there is a direct connection between private, personal prayer and power in the pulpit, and he does not want power in the pulpit. There are always things that vie and clamour for our attention. When they rob us of time in prayer, they are tools that Satan is using to draw us away from prayer and from dependence on God.

3. Why Is There So Little Prayer In The Lives Of So Many Preachers?

The major reason why there is so little prayer in the lives of many preacher is the lack of personal discipline in their lives. So many of us are lazy and neglectful in the matter of prayer. We spend time on sermon preparation, but we tend to neglect preparing our hearts through prayer because we lack discipline.

We need to discipline ourselves in preparation for preaching by studying God’s Word and by praying for God’s help and direction. Prayer requires the same kind of discipline as any other occupation that demands training and commitment. Just as athletes diligently train themselves and deny themselves the pleasures that others might indulge in so that they can be in the very best shape possible, so we, as preachers, must be committed to spiritual “training” and the discipline of prayer.

4. Why Is Prayer Like A Compass To The Sermon?

Prayer is like a compass to the sermon in that it acts as a rudder does for a ship. It keeps us going straight. It marks out the course ahead of us. We know where we want to end up in our sermon, and prayer makes sure that we go in the right direction to end up there.

5. Why Do Prayer And A Holy Life Go Together?

Prayer and holiness are inseparably linked together. Prayer keeps the preacher’s spirit in harmony with God and we can only be in harmony with God to the degree that we have holy lives. Prayer is the medium that keeps our hearts attuned to God; and to be attuned to God demands holiness of practice.

We cannot enter into meaningful, genuine prayer with sin in our lives. Therefore, the discipline of prayer keeps us sensitive to sin and anything that disrupts our communion with God. Prayer is a divine encounter with God and a meeting with God puts us on holy ground where we must remove our shoes. In prayer, we are convicted of anything in our lives that is contrary to the nature and character of God, which, in order for us to continue in prayer, we must judge and confess.

Only as we saturate ourselves in prayer are our lives made holy. And only then are we filled with the empowerment of the Holy Spirit. Without unceasing prayer we cannot be truly holy; and without being truly holy we cannot preach with power. We can have the best sermon outlines and do the most diligent study, but without holiness in our private lives we cannot preach the Word with power.

If our private lives are morally impure, then our preaching will be ineffective and weak. We cannot preach God’s Word with power if we do not live in a way that is consistent with that Word. The Word must be effective in the preacher’s life before it will be effective in the congregation’s life.

John Wesley wanted preachers who “fear nothing but sin and desire nothing but God.”

In order to be powerful for God, we must live holy lives that spring out of prayerful lives.

A life that is weak in prayer is weak in practice and weak in preaching. A strong prayer life produces a strong holy life and, consequently, a strong preaching life. If we do not live a pure life we will not pray; but if we walk a pure life with God, we will not keep from praying.

Part II: Preparing For Preaching

Outlining the Sermon, Part 2

In order to outline a sermon we need to move from textual structure (which we have talked about at length in previous editions of this journal) to the sermon outline. The textual structure is the first step in developing a sermon outline. Sermon outlines follow the flow of thought in the textual structure and are derived from the textual structure. But there is a shift from the textual structure to the sermon outline – sometimes called the “sermonic shift.”

I. Moving From Textual Structure To Sermon Outline

The shift from the textual structure to the sermon outline is a shift from the “biblical world” (i.e. the world of the biblical author) to the “contemporary world” (i.e. the world we live in), so that the ideas we express are (1) not bound to a specific time, (2) not restricted to certain people (other than God or the Lord Jesus), and (3) not limited by particular geography or places.

In other words, sermon outlines are not past tense, nor people and situation specific. Rather, the ideas in a sermon outline are abiding principles, universal truths. What we are trying to do here is give our sermon outline a form that is communicable to, understandable by, and relevant to today’s audience, (1) by moving from the specific textual ideas up what is sometimes called the “ladder of abstraction” to arrive at general, timeless truths; and (2) by expressing these timeless truths as life-applications (i.e. applicable to our audiences).

If you don’t do this, your audience could well say, for example, “That was fine for the apostle Paul but what does it have to do with me? Why should I listen to this sermon?” We overcome this objection by outlining our sermons with main points that are universal in their truth and application for today. Thus, sermon outlines consist of main points that are oriented to universal truths (i.e. timeless principles) and focused on contemporary application (i.e. relevant to our present audience).

Every text has a message of timeless theological truth in it for today. Our task is to determine what those timeless truths are and express them as principles. This is what Dr. Walter Kaiser calls “principlization.” These principles become the “main points” of our sermon outline.

II. Formulating The Main Points Of Your Sermon

After writing out the textual outline, the next task is to write out the sermon outline. The starting point for a sermon outline is to formulate main points and sub-points. Main points form the structure (skeleton) on which the sermon hangs. They are like chapter headings in a book.

1. What Are Main Points?

Main points are one sentence summaries of each thought (idea) in the text. They are restatements of the textual structure in the form of universal principles, abiding truths. Main points answer the question: “What can we learn from the text today? What does this have to do with me? What are the abiding principles (timeless truths) that apply to us?”

2. How Are Main Points Discovered?

Main points arise from your study of the text and are derived from the textual structure you have discovered. That’s why the textual structure is the first step in developing a sermon outline. Like textual structure, therefore, the main points for sermon outlines follow and are structured around the “flow of thought” of the text.

You discover main points in the biblical text by identifying the abiding principles (timeless truths) that the biblical author is conveying, not only to his immediate audience but to us.

3. How Are Main Points Stated (Formulated)?

Main points are statements of principle whose thrust is “life application.” As Walter Kaiser puts it, main points “state the author’s proposition, argument, narration, and illustrations in timeless abiding truths with special focus on the application of those truths to the current needs of the church.” (Kaiser, Toward An Exegetical Theology, 152). They are statements of timeless and universal truth that are worded as application to the lives of our audience. They are propositions that call the hearers to some kind of response – i.e. propositions that internalize the truth.

Main points, therefore, are one-sentence summaries of each thought (idea) in the biblical text and they are formulated so that (1) they do not dilute or change the content of the passage; (2) they express the original author’s purpose and theme in writing; and (3) they reflect the timeless truth the original author wanted to convey.

How you state the theological principle varies depending on the genre of text. If you are dealing with didactic material (e.g. Romans), this is relatively simple. All you have to do is word the teachings into a propositional form (homiletical points) that call the hearers to some type of response.

If you are dealing with non-didactic biblical material, the task is more complex. In that case, you need to summarize the theme of each paragraph of your preaching passage in a single sentence that corresponds to the author’s intent and which gives the theological and practical essence of what that paragraph is about. Figuring out what the paragraph is about can be very challenging in, for example, narrative material.

4. What Are The Characteristics Of Main Points?

Because main points are universal and timeless biblical principles, each main point (1) should be expressed in either the present or future tense (not past); (2) should be stated in full sentences (i.e. contain a full “principlized” idea so that the sermon is fully understandable from the points alone); (3) should not include names of persons (except God or Christ) or places; and (4) should not be a description of past events, since that leaves the sermon in the realm of ancient history without relevance to our audience.

5. Conclusion

These biblical principles, then, form the outline of your sermon. By doing this, you bridge the gap between the ancient world of the biblical text to the contemporary world of our audience. That is essentially the difference between a textual structure (world of the text) and a sermon outline (contemporary world).

In the next edition of this journal, I will show you how to test your main points and then give you examples of sermon outlines compared to their textual structure. When you actually see it in these examples I think you will see the benefit of doing the hard work in developing a sermon outline from the textual structure.

Meanwhile, in the following devotional article by Dr. Stephen Olford (“The Communion of the Gospel”) you will see how he has worded his main points as statements of universal, theological principle which he has developed from the textual structure itself.

Part III. Devotional

“The Communion Of The Gospel” (1 Cor. 1:26-31)

By: Dr. Stephen F. Olford

Continuing his teaching on division in the church, Paul now proceeds to show how strife and contention can result not only from wrong notions about the character of the gospel, but also because of wrong ideas concerning the community of the gospel.

In His divine sovereignty and inscrutable wisdom, God has so designed the appeal of the gospel that man can merit absolutely nothing by responding to it. For this reason, the community of the gospel consists of a company of people who have learned that no flesh should glory in the presence of God. It was because of their failure to see this truth that the Corinthian Christians were vying with one another under the banner of their respective party leaders. The Apostle however, deals with this problem by describing God’s method of calling, choosing, and controlling the community of believers in Jesus Christ. So we see from a study of the verses before us that:

I. God’s Selects His People Through The Simplicity Of The Gospel  

“For you see your calling brethren that not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called” (1 Corinthians 1:26). Using the imperative mood, Paul invites his readers to survey the church at Corinth and observe those who constituted its membership. Quite obviously there were very few within that community who might have been termed “wise,” “mighty,” or “noble.” And this, of course, has been true of the church of Jesus Christ right throughout its long history. The implication is clear and plain:

1) The Selective Simplicity of the Gospel Does Not Appeal to Many People of Intellectual Attainments: “…not many wise according to the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called” (1 Corinthians 1:26). There is a natural tendency in the unregenerate person to think independently of God. As we have seen already in our consideration of human wisdom, there is that about it which is “earthly, sensational, and devilish” (James 3:15). Unless a person is prepared to repent, or change his mind in favor of God’s wisdom, he can in no wise be saved (see Matthew 18:3).

To corroborate this, it is significant to recall that one of the only times we read of our Savior rejoicing in spirit, during the days of His ministry, was when He looked up to heaven and exclaimed, “I thank you O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because You have hidden these things from the wise and prudent and have revealed them to babes. Even so, Father, for so it seemed good in Your sight” (Matthew 11:25-26).

The fact is that heaven has decreed that the world by wisdom cannot know God (1 Corinthians 1:21). This unqualified rejection of the philosophical approach to eternal things is in order that “no flesh should glory in God’s presence” (1 Corinthians 1:29). 

2) The Selective Simplicity of the Gospel Does Not Appeal to Many People of Influential Achievements: “…not many mighty…are called” (1 Corinthians 1:26). There is a natural tendency in the unregenerate person to work independently of God. The word “mighty” is a general term for people who have gained a place of influence through their own achievements. Now unless this pride of influence is crucified in the church of Jesus Christ there is always lurking trouble. We are all familiar with a character by the name of Diotrephes, whose love of preeminence in the church at Ephesus created nothing but strife and contention (3 John 1:9). Indeed, because of his place of influence he not only attacked the beloved Apostle John, but also refused to entertain within the assembly those who were associated with this man of God. Indeed, there is a strong implication that he actually intercepted one of John’s letters so that it was never read to the members of the church. All this serves to illustrate the corrupting influence of uncrucified power. For this very reason not many “mighty” are called; and God has willed it so in order that “…no flesh should glory in His presence” (1 Corinthians 1:29).

3) The Selective Simplicity of the Gospel Does Not Appeal to Many People of Imperial Ancestry: “…not many…noble, are called” (1 Corinthians 1:26). There is also a natural tendency in the unregenerate person to live independently of God. Most commentators are agreed that the word “noble” applies to family connections and indicates those of noble rank. While there are outstanding exceptions, as we shall see, it is true to say that very few of noble rank ever seem to be attracted by the gospel.

In Paul’s day there were great personalities like Dionysius of Athens (Acts 17:34); Sergius Paulus, the proconsul of Crete (Acts 13:6-12); the noble ladies of Thessalonica and Berea (Acts 17:4, 12); and not least, the Apostle himself, who were called into the fellowship of God’s Son. We all know of people like Count Zinzendorf, and Madame Guyon, who have added to that illustrious company of the redeemed.

Lady Huntington, an English woman of great distinction, who was converted under the preaching of Rowland Hill, a flaming evangelist, once remarked that she owed her salvation to the letter “M.” By way of explanation she went on to add that if the text read, “Not any wise, mighty or noble,” she could never have been saved; but as we know, Paul says, “Not many wise, mighty, or noble.” There have been some in the past, and there will be some saved in the future, until the church of Jesus Christ is complete. But the fact remains that by and large, the simplicity of the gospel does not appeal to those of imperial advancements. And, once again, God has willed it so that “no flesh should glory in His presence” (1 Corinthians 1:29).

Anyone with knowledge of church life will know of the strife and contention and division which are caused through a carnal desire for recognition. It is only when we realize that we cannot think, work, or live apart from God that true humility and consequent harmony will prevail in the fellowship of God’s people. Now Paul turns to another emphasis of this same subject and points out that: 

II. God Elects His People Through The Supremacy Of The Gospel

“But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise, and God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty; and the base things of the world and the things which are despised God has chosen, and the things which are not, to bring to nothing the things that are” (1 Corinthians 1:27-28). To teach man forever that no flesh should glory in His presence, God has designed that His electing grace should demonstrate the utter supremacy of the gospel. In other words:

1) God Has Chosen to Save Foolish Humanity. “But God has chosen the foolish things of the world to put to shame the wise…” (1 Corinthians 1:27). The word which Paul uses to describe humanity here is the one from which we derive our term “moron,” which means, “dull,” “sluggish,” “silly,” or “stupid.” But in His grace God picks up such material as this and so transforms it by the redemptive work of Christ so as to confound the wise of this world.

Human philosophies can never explain the miracle of regeneration. The psychologist may attempt his analysis, the doctor his diagnosis, and the scientist his experimentation, but all three ultimately are confounded by the transforming change which takes place.

2) God Has Chosen to Save Feeble Humanity. “…God has chosen the weak things of the world to put to shame the things which are mighty” (1 Corinthians 1:27). Here is a further characterization of men and women who know nothing of the saving grace of God. Paul speaks of them as “weak” – a word which means “strengthless” or “impotent.” And we are reminded that “…when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly” (Romans 5:6; see also Titus 3:5).

Man is utterly powerless to work out his own salvation. Never was this more evident than in this highly civilized age in which we find ourselves. Philosophy has failed to answer the great questions concerning man’s supernatural origin, purpose on earth, and final destiny. Likewise, the scientific method has proved to be totally inadequate to cope with man’s basic problem of sin. With all the creations of his inventive mind, man has made the world even more problematic and destructive. But once again, this is where the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ supremely triumphs. Through the message of the cross God takes feeble humanity and confounds, or puts to shame, the things that are considered mighty in the estimation of the world.

3) God Has Chosen to Save Fallen Humanity. “…and the base things of the world and the things which are despised God has chosen, and the things which are not, to bring to nothing the things that are” (1 Corinthians 1:28). Here Paul employs three expressions to describe the utter “falleness” of humanity. “Base things” carries the thought of that which is low-born, and therefore morally worthless. Things which are “despised” represent that which is contemptible. “Things which are not” conveys the idea of the nonentities of this world.

What a hopeless picture of fallen humanity! And yet the Lord Jesus, by His saving cross, takes up such men and women and uses them to bring to naught the things that are – which being interpreted means that Christ, by His creative work in man, exposes the utter futility and worthlessness of that which natural man considers as powerful and important.

So we see that in “the word of the cross,” there is an instructive gospel for foolish humanity, there is a redemptive gospel for feeble humanity, and there is a creative gospel for fallen humanity. Out of all these types of lost men and women God constitutes His community of saints. What a wonderful Savior we have!

But Paul has one more aspect of this truth to share with us. In the closing verses of this paragraph he shows that:

III. God Protects His People Through The Sufficiency Of The Gospel  

“But of Him you are in Christ Jesus, who was made to us wisdom from God – and righteousness and sanctification and redemption” (1 Corinthians 1:30). For those who do respond to the selective and elective gospel, there is a full sufficiency in the Lord Jesus Christ. The revelation of the wisdom of God, as seen in Christ, has made available:

1) A Salvation for our Past Needs. “…Christ, who was made to us…righteousness…” (1 Corinthians 1:30). This means our justification. In Christ we attain a state of life impossible otherwise or elsewhere. It is the assurance of pardon for sin and peace of heart. More than this, it grants us a standing before God that no devil in hell, no man on earth, or no angel in heaven can assail.

2) A Salvation for our Present Needs. “…Christ, who was made to us… sanctification …” (1 Corinthians 1:30). Dr. Campbell Morgan points out that sanctification is “a purification through separation.” It is both positional and progressive. It is the very life of Christ indwelling us moment by moment. And since all the fullness of the Godhead resides in our Savior, there is no demand upon our lives which is not adequately met by the sufficiency which is in Christ.

3) A Salvation for our Pending Needs. “…Christ, who was made to us…redemption …” (1 Corinthians 1:30). “Redemption” here means “final escape from all bondage.” This particular word occurs in the New Testament ten times, and on every occasion it refers to the future and not to the past or the present. Paul is speaking of the same thing when he says, “…now is our salvation nearer than when we believed” (Romans 13:11). This is the sense in which Christ is made unto us redemption. This is the assurance of ultimate deliverance from all bondage and limitation, when Christ releases us from the very presence of sin. That is the day when He will fashion anew the body of our humiliation, that it might be conformed to the body of His glory.

Here is the sufficiency of the gospel by which God protects the community of saints. Paul’s purpose in presenting this truth was to remove man’s basis for boasting. So he concludes with that remarkable quotation from Jeremiah 9:24: “…let him that glories, glory in this, that he understands and knows me, that I am the Lord…”

Conclusion: That which divides a church is the carnality that glories in human knowledge, influence, or reputation. But the Apostle Paul has taken pains to show that no man has anything to glory in, save in the Lord Jesus Christ, who was cradled in a manger, disciplined in a carpenter’s shop, tested on the highways and in the homes of His own people, glorified through crucifixion and resurrection, and then sent worldwide through the lips and lives of common people. To recognize the Savior in this sense is to be leveled to a common ground, united in a common life, and to be satisfied in a common glory. As it is written: “…He who glories, let him glory in the Lord” (1 Corinthians 1:31).

Part IV: Sermon Outlines

To listen to the audio version of these sermons in English, click on these links: Link 1 - Jn. 10:10-13; Link 2 - Jn. 10:14-16; Link 3 - Jn. 10:16-18

Title: Jesus is the Good Shepherd (Jn. 10:10-18)

Point #1: The Good Shepherd Works Personally for His Sheep (10-13)

1. He gives his sheep life abundantly (10)

2. He gives his life for the sheep sacrificially (11-13)

Point #2: The Good Shepherd Relates Personally to His Sheep (14-18)

1. It is an intimate relationship (14-15a)

2. It is a costly relationship (15b)

3. It is an extensive relationship (16)

4. It is a secure relationship (17-18)

(1) The relationship is as secure as the Father’s love (17)

(2) The relationship is as secure as the Son’s power (18)

Conclusions:

1, Jesus is the good Shepherd who died for us

2. Jesus is the good Shepherd who lives for us

3. Jesus is the good Shepherd who is coming for us

Related Topics: Pastors

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