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Lição 1: O Comissionamento de Josué (Josué 1:1-18)

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De várias formas, a preparação para a invasão e conflito diante de Josué e o povo começa neste capítulo. É significante notar que esta preparação, no capítulo 1, procede da comunicação de Deus. Primeiramente, Deus fala e comissiona Josué (1:1-5), incitando-o depois a ser forte e corajoso (1:6-9). Em seguimento das palavras de Deus, Josué dirige-se ao povo e dá-lhe instruções a fim de que se prepare para atravessar o Jordão no espaço de três dias (1:10-15). A isto segue-se a resposta do povo, cuja fonte recaía obviamente na Palavra de Deus (1:16-18). A revelação de Deus deve sempre ser seguida de uma resposta que tenha em conta a Sua Palavra inspirada.

A Comissão Dada
(1:1-5)

1 E sucedeu, depois da morte de Moisés, servo do Senhor, que o Senhor falou a Josué, filho de Num, servo de Moisés, dizendo: 2 Moisés, meu servo, é morto. Levanta-te, pois, agora, passa este Jordão, tu e todo este povo, à terra que eu dou aos filhos de Israel. 3 Todo o lugar que pisar a planta do vosso pé vo-lo tenho dado, como eu disse a Moisés. 4 Desde o deserto e desde este Líbano, até ao grande rio, o rio Eufrates, toda a terra dos heteus, e até o grande mar, para o poente do sol, será o vosso termo. 5 Nenhum se susterá diante de ti, todos os dias da tua vida: como fui com Moisés, assim serei contigo: não te deixarei, nem te desampararei.

A vitória e possessão da terra que se seguem são o resultado directo da Palavra de Deus e de um homem, neste caso Josué, que escuta e responde à Sua Palavra. Tal deverá ilustrar que não existe qualquer vitória ou hipótese de experimentarmos as bênçãos da nossa nova vida em Cristo se nos apartarmos da Palavra de Deus. Logo que um crente começa a desviar-se da Palavra, por indiferença ou apatia motivadas por uma qualquer razão, está na verdade a desviar-se do Senhor e a dirigir-se à derrota.

A comissão de Josué dá-se apenas após a morte de Moisés (versículos 1-2). Isto é significante. A missão de Josué e a continuação dos propósitos de Deus quanto a introduzir Israel na terra prometida, por certas razões tipológicas, chegam somente depois do falecimento de Moisés. Porquê?

Moisés fora o grande legislador que representara a Lei do Sinai, aquela legislação fantástica que demonstra a santidade perfeita de Deus e a condição pecaminosa do homem, que se mantém separado de Deus (Rom. 3:23). Contudo, a Lei, embora santa e boa, jamais poderia dar vida ou espiritualidade, nem providenciar justificação. Era antes um ministério da morte, revelando o homem como pecador e sob o domínio do pecado (2 Cor. 3:7; Rom. 7:7; Gál. 3:19-22).

Moisés retratava a lei que não consegue conduzir-nos à vida abundante e salvadora de Cristo. Era apenas uma tutora, uma serva que cedo se retiraria (Gál. 3:23 ss). Embora apontasse para Cristo no tabernáculo, sacerdócio e sacrifícios, não conseguia remover o pecado ou providenciar a salvação a partir da carne. Porquê? Porque era fraca no aspecto em que dependia do homem e da sua habilidade (Rom. 8:3-4). A Lei conferia um padrão justo, mas não poder ou graça para a carne ou pecado interior (Rom. 6:14; 8:3 ss).

Assim, Moisés tinha de sair de cena antes de Josué poder ser comissionado e receber ordens no sentido de liderar o povo pelo Jordão e até à Terra Prometida. Uma razão adicional está patente no nome de Josué, que tão claramente nos lembra que "Yahweh É Salvação". Enquanto equivalente hebraico de "Jesus", Josué tipifica o Senhor Jesus e a Sua vida redentora, que não só nos proporciona redenção, mas também o poder de que necessitamos a fim de entrarmos na posse das nossas possessões em Cristo.

Com a menção da morte de Moisés, é dito a Josué "Levanta-te, pois, agora, passa este Jordão, tu e todo este povo". Em jeito de aplicação para os tempos de hoje, as palavras "Levanta-te, pois, agora" (com vista à morte de Moisés e ao que a mesma representava) ensinam-nos uma verdade: nenhum homem pode viver a vida cristã mantendo um conjunto de leis ou tabus. Embora a vida cristã envolva obediência aos princípios e imperativos da Palavra, é mais do que isso. É uma vida para ser vivida pela fé no poder de Deus. Não nos é simplesmente possível viver a vida cristã recorrendo à nossa própria energia ou determinação. Uma existência cristã não consiste somente em ser o Senhor Simpático ou em manter meramente um conjunto de princípios e regras cristãs. É uma relação fiel com Deus para ser vivida no poder do Espírito e à luz da Palavra.

Com as Palavras “levanta-te, passa este Jordão”, o Senhor está a dizer “sai do deserto e move-te para Canaã”. A vontade de Deus para o fiel nunca se encontra no deserto. Está antes em Canaã, o lugar da salvação e da conquista. “Levanta-te, passa” afirma, pelo paralelismo com a verdade do Novo Testamento, “pega na tua armadura, usa os teus recursos sobrenaturais, pára de confiar em ti mesmo, confia em mim e vai”.

“Tu e todo este povo” ilustra que a espiritualidade não se destina a apenas alguns eleitos, mas que está disponível para qualquer crente. A vida cristã abundante e madura é o plano de Deus para cada fiel. É apenas limitada pela nossa falta de disponibilidade face à sua disponibilidade constante para nós. Todo o crente é abençoado com toda a bênção espiritual, constituindo um sacerdote de Deus, com graça abundante disponível em qualquer situação. Devemos relembrar que todo o Israel saiu do Egipto da mesma maneira – graças à fé na graça de Deus –, e cruzaria o Jordão exactamente da mesma forma – pela fé na salvação de Deus.

As palavras “à terra que eu dou aos filhos de Israel” e, no versículo 3, “todo o lugar” ilustram a verdade de Efésios 1:3 e Colossenses 2:10. “Que eu dou” e “vo-lo tenho dado” mostram que Deus estava então a providenciar-lhes o que lhes pertencia desde há muito tempo. Josué 2:9-11 revela que a terra fora virtualmente deles por 40 anos. Estava meramente à espera de ser possuída. De modo semelhante, Deus concedeu a cada fiel toda a bênção espiritual e provisão desde o momento da salvação. Obviamente, tal como este livro deixa claro, ter um título de propriedade sobre a terra (ou sobre as nossas bênçãos em Cristo) não significa que as nossas vidas se mantenham sem provas, conflitos, lutas e pressões. De facto, terão todas essas coisas; mas, uma vez que a batalha é do Senhor e que Deus fez a maior parte por nós em Cristo, com as provações e tentações virá a salvação de Deus, pela fé e aplicação da Palavra.

No versículo 5, é feita a Josué a promessa “nenhum se susterá diante de ti”; porém, esta promessa é também um aviso. Embora a terra fosse deles, não seria tomada sem conflito ou batalha. De modo semelhante, tal como a terra de Canaã estava cheia de cidades fortificadas e de inimigos que precisavam de ser expulsos, também a vida cristã é uma existência de conflito contra inimigos que necessitam de ser vencidos. Não obstante o resultado estar assegurado caso reclamemos os recursos de Deus e a vida salvadora de Cristo, temos mesmo assim de batalhar e de lidar com a existência do inimigo durante esta vida. Este é um chamamento para despertarmos, uma realidade que necessita de ser enfrentada: a vida está cheia de batalhas e conflitos. Não estamos no Éden nem no reinado milenar de Cristo. Em vez disso, debatemo-nos com a carne (o pecado interior), com o demónio e poderes sobrenaturais da escuridão, bem como com um sistema mundial antagonista de Deus, da Sua Palavra e de uma conduta piedosa (compare com Rom. 7:15 ss; Gál. 5:16 ss; Efé. 5:15-16; 6:10 ss; 1 Ped. 5:8-9).

Ainda assim, o lado positivo é o de que estas palavras - “nenhum se susterá diante de ti” – são também uma promessa de salvação contínua, batalha após batalha. Graças à adequabilidade da vida salvadora de Cristo, através da obra que finalizou na cruz, da Sua presença triunfante à direita de Deus, da nossa identificação com Ele na Sua morte, ressurreição e assembleia no Céu, e mediante o dom do Espírito Santo, não existe inimigo que possamos enfrentar que o Senhor (o nosso Josué) não tenha já conquistado. A nossa necessidade centra-se em tomarmos posse daquilo que Ele já fez por nós, através da aplicação sábia e fiel da Sua Palavra.

Embora ainda activo e vagueando, o poder de Satanás foi quebrado e é-nos possível resistir aos seus enganos e ataques. Mesmo que o princípio do pecado ainda habite cá dentro ou que a carne esteja activa nos nossos membros, o seu poder sobre nós foi boicotado graças à nossa união com Cristo na Sua morte e ressurreição. Tal significa que a vitória de possuir as nossas possessões é conferida através do dom do Espírito Santo (Rom. 6 e 8) e do poder santificador de uma vida cheia da Palavra (João 17:17; Efé. 5:18; Col. 3:16).

Aplicação: Todos nós alimentamos o desejo de viver num mundo ideal, no qual a vida decorre suavemente, sem problemas ou stress. De facto, fomos criados para tal, e não há nada de errado em ansiar pelo tempo que chegará com a vinda do Senhor Jesus, nosso Josué. Mas as doutrinas da apostasia dos últimos dias, a natureza malvada desta era, bem como a presença dos nossos três inimigos, são recordações constantes de que jamais poderemos gozar da verdadeira paz mundial e duradoura sem o retorno do Senhor. Temos de enfrentar os factos e estar preparados para lidar com a vida da forma que esta realmente é. Em Cristo, somos superconquistadores e, através da Sua vida salvadora, podemos ultrapassar as batalhas individuais da vida, embora precisemos de estar preparados para militar a boa milícia.

Todos gostamos de nos mover sem nada que atrapalhe os nossos horários ou nos obrigue a sair da nossa zona de conforto. Assim que tentamos escapar da luta, Deus lança-nos de novo na realidade mediante alguma condição ou experiência desagradável, e deparamo-nos novamente com o mundo. Depois das férias, temos de voltar ao trabalho e lidar com aquele colega tão difícil de suportar. Estamos a ir bem quando, de repente, aparece uma ameaça à nossa saúde ou à da nossa esposa ou filho. Ou quiçá enfrentemos a morte de um ente-querido, que nos traz mágoa e solidão, bem como novas pressões e responsabilidades. Assim acontece na sua vida e na minha, mas as palavras “Nenhum se susterá diante de ti, todos os dias da tua vida” irrompem nas nossas existências trazendo duas realidades: um aviso e uma promessa.

As palavras “como fui com Moisés, assim serei contigo: não te deixarei, nem te desampararei” canalizam a nossa atenção para uma das maiores verdades da Bíblia. Israel entraria na terra da mesma forma que saíra do Egipto. De modo semelhante, entramos na vida abundante de Cristo da mesma forma que somos salvos da ira – através da fé na vida salvadora de Cristo. Assim como confiámos em Cristo e nas proezas da cruz em termos de justificação e redenção, temos de confiar nessas realizações como base da nossa segurança e resgate diário (Rom. 6:4-11; Col. 2:6-3:3).

O Apelo à Coragem
(1:6-9)

6 “Esforça-te, e tem bom ânimo; porque tu farás a este povo herdar a terra que jurei aos seus pais lhes daria. 7 Tão somente esforça-te e tem mui bom ânimo, para teres o cuidado de fazer conforme a toda a lei que o meu servo, Moisés, te ordenou: dela não te desvies, nem para a direita nem para a esquerda, para que prudentemente te conduzas, por onde quer que andares. 8 Não se aparte da tua boca o livro desta lei; antes, medita nele, dia e noite, para que tenhas cuidado de fazer conforme a tudo quanto nele está escrito; porque, então, farás prosperar o teu caminho, e, então, prudentemente te conduzirás. 9 Não to mandei eu? Esforça-te, e tem bom ânimo; não pasmes, nem te espantes: porque o Senhor, teu Deus, é contigo, por onde quer que andares.”

Enquanto os primeiros cinco versículos se relacionam com a comissão de Josué, a ter início após a morte de Moisés, o grande impulso dos versículos 6-9 diz respeito a algo vital para que Josué fosse capaz de assim agir – e o que foi verdade para Josué é igualmente verdadeiro para nós.

Existe uma palavra ou tema repetidos pelo menos três vezes nestes versículos que precisamos de captar e relacionar connosco. Por três vezes Deus diz a Josué: “Esforça-te, e tem bom ânimo” (1:6, 7, 9). Mais tarde, uma vez que tal diz respeito à sua obediência a Deus, Josué repetirá o mesmo comando ao povo (1:18; 10:25), que de igual modo enfrentará os desafios e o cumprimento dos propósitos de Deus para a nação – habitar na terra como uma nação sacerdotal, representante de Deus diante das nações.

Portanto, o assunto diante de Josué consistia num apelo para ser forte e corajoso, em vista do cargo de liderança que lhe estava a ser passado. Deus estava a chamá-lo para um ministério muito especial e difícil, com desafios tremendos e obstáculos bastante para lá das suas próprias capacidades. Porém, a vida de cada um de nós está repleta de desafios deste género, por isso não passemos adiante sem repararmos na aplicação pessoal que esta ideia poderá ter em cada um de nós. Os versículos 6-9 são fundamentais para se obter a força e coragem requeridas para os desafios de qualquer ministério ou responsabilidade.

Esta passagem não se destina apenas a uma classe especial de líderes, como pastores ou missionários. Deus convocou cada um de nós para o ministério. Nenhum crente está exempto. Todos nós temos dons, todos somos sacerdotes de Deus e líderes em algum sentido, com responsabilidades pessoais para com outros, seja como anciãos, diáconos, pais e mães, etc.

Frequentemente, as pessoas fogem do ministério ou de situações difíceis devido ao medo ou aos obstáculos. Tal como a anterior geração de Israelitas falhara em entrar na terra e em tomar posse das suas possessões por causa da descrença e de medo de gigantes, também nós estamos sujeitos a não penetrar no chamamento de Deus nas nossas vidas.

Aplicação: Sem a força e coragem pessoal de Deus, fracassaremos no que toca a enfrentar os desafios ou a assumir as responsabilidades para as quais Deus nos convoca. Outros, por serem demasiado autoconfiantes, talvez procurem fazer tudo sozinhos, uma maneira igualmente errada de tentar servir o Senhor, tal como veremos ilustrado no capítulo 7, com a derrota em Ai.

Falando em termos bíblicos, de onde provêm a força moral e a coragem, e será que significam a ausência de medo? A força moral e a coragem provêm (1) da fé na soberania e provisão de Deus e (2) no facto de estarmos convencidos de que aquilo que fazemos é justo e o mais acertado, bem como essencial à vida. Mas há muito mais, como esta passagem nos mostrará. A coragem é aquela qualidade mental que permite ao homem enfrentar o perigo e a dificuldade com firmeza e resolução, apesar dos seus medos interiores (compare com 1 Cor. 2:3; 2 Cor. 7:5). Por outras palavras, a coragem não é a ausência de medo. Embora não procurasse o perigo nem presumisse do Senhor, Paulo nunca se evadiu de algo que soubesse ser correcto ou a vontade de Deus. No seu excelente livro acerca de liderança espiritual, J. Oswald Sanders escreveu:

Coragem do mais alto nível é requerida de um líder espiritual – sempre coragem moral e, frequentemente, coragem física também…

Martin Luther possuía esta importante qualidade numa medida excepcional. Foi já declarado que talvez tenha sido o homem mais corajoso que alguma vez viveu. Ao partir na sua momentosa viagem até Worms, afirmou “Podeis esperar tudo de mim, excepto medo ou retracção. Não fugirei, nem muito menos me retrairei.” Os seus amigos, avisando-o dos graves perigos que corria, procuravam dissuadi-lo. Mas Luther não podia ser dissuadido. “Não ir até Worms?”, disse. “Iria até Worms nem que existissem tantos demónios como telhas nos telhados.”…

Contudo, nem todos os homens são por natureza tão corajosos como Luther, sendo esse facto tanto implícito como explícito nas Escrituras. O grau mais elevado de coragem é visto na pessoa mais receosa, mas que se recusa a sucumbir ao medo. Não obstante quão amedrontados pudessem estar, os líderes de Deus em sucessivas gerações foram instruídos a ter bom ânimo. Caso estivessem sem medo, esta ordem não faria sentido.1

Portanto, de onde vêm a força e a coragem? Os conceitos seguintes ensinam-nos vários pontos importantes:

(1) A força e a coragem provêm de Reconhecer e Relacionar-se com o prazer de Deus (a Sua vontade), tendo uma noção do chamamento de Deus e do destino (1:1-2).

Conhecer a Palavra de Deus, a Sua vontade claramente revelada, conjuntamente com o reconhecimento dos dons, habilidades e treino de cada um, partes integrantes de compreender o Seu prazer ou vontade para a vida de alguém, é fundamental para encontrar a força e coragem necessárias para aceitar qualquer área de responsabilidade no ministério. Sem esta compreensão, uma pessoa dificilmente terá motivação ou coragem para se encaminhar em direcção aos ministérios que Deus a chama a executar.

Existe um processo específico a ser notado nos versículos 1-9. Primeiramente, a Palavra de Deus é dirigida a Josué, de modo a comissioná-lo e a encorajá-lo. A coragem aqui requisitada é o resultado directo da Palavra e de se conhecer a vontade de Deus (veja Efé. 5:9-10). Em paralelo, Josué é recordado de que fora preparado e treinado para isto, enquanto servo de Moisés (1:1).

A instrução de Josué no versículo 1 equivale a obtermos compreensão bíblica. É isto que forma o alicerce para a coragem e convicção, bem como para a fé e acção. Temos de orar e procurar a vontade e sabedoria de Deus. O fundamento inicial da coragem consiste em conhecer a Palavra e a vontade de Deus.

Ser o substituto de Moisés ilustra dois princípios-chave: (1) O princípio de ter um exemplo piedoso (1 Tim. 4; 1 Ped. 5:1-3). (2) O princípio de Lucas 16:10 e respectivo impacto no desenvolvimento de coragem e motivação para o ministério. Josué fora fiel nas pequenas coisas, e seria fiel em muito mais. O serviço nas maiores áreas de responsabilidade começa com fidelidade em coisas mais pequenas. Cada um de nós precisa de encontrar um lugar para servir e crescer. É possível que tal venha a constituir o treino inicial para outras áreas de ministério, para as quais Deus o poderá estar a chamar.

“Moisés, meu servo, é morto” (vs. 2). Esta afirmação lembra-nos que ninguém é indispensável e que a liderança muda. Se não treinamos outros nem somos treinados, deixamos buracos abertos (2 Tim. 2:2).

“Levanta-te, pois, agora” enfatiza a necessidade de acção decisiva capaz de preencher o vazio deixado pela ausência de Moisés. Isto é verdadeiro para todos nós no ministério, sempre que, por qualquer razão, se gera um vazio pela remoção dos servos de Deus. Um verdadeiro sentido de urgência é sempre um elemento vital na resolução e acção que preencham aquela necessidade; é parte da raiz que produz o fruto. Mas existe outro componente essencial à coragem e decisão no que toca a fazer a vontade de Deus.

(2) A força e a coragem provêm de Repousar nas promessas de Deus (1:2b-6).

Repare, por favor, que as promessas aqui dadas a Josué foram conferidas em relação ao ministério e à obra que Deus o chamara a desempenhar. Isto aplica-se a cada um de nós, independentemente do ministério particular para o qual Deus nos tenha convocado no corpo de Cristo. Leia estes versículos cuidadosamente e veja a aplicabilidade que lhes pode dar na sua vida. Sente o chamamento de Deus na sua vida para O servir de um modo particular, mas tem medo? Receia o fracasso? Tem medo de quanto lhe possa custar? Medite nestes versículos.

Podemos ainda atentar a alguns dos obstáculos observáveis nesta passagem, uma vez que, ao reclamarmos as promessas de Deus, a fé terá de enfrentar obstáculos.

“Passa este Jordão.” Na Escritura, o Jordão representa frequentemente um obstáculo, um impedimento ao crescimento, ministério e progresso. Existe uma boa razão para acreditar que as margens do Jordão se encontravam inundadas nesta altura do ano (compare com Jos. 3:15; 4:18). Esta é uma das razões pelas quais a coragem é necessária.

Paralelamente, cruzar o Jordão significava entrar numa terra hostil, num país repleto de inimigos, alguns dos quais eram gigantes e habitavam em cidades amplamente fortificadas. Este não era um desafio simples. Recorde: a geração anterior falhara em Cades devido a falta de coragem. Mas ainda há mais.

“Tu e todo este povo.” Não se tratava de um grupo pequeno! Os números faziam disto uma tarefa colossal. Josué tinha a responsabilidade de liderar um povo conhecido por ter uma cerviz dura e por apedrejar os seus líderes. A palavra “todo” lembra-nos que é vontade de Deus que todo o Seu povo amadureça e se fortaleça, cumprindo a Sua vontade e usufruindo de vidas vitoriosas.

Não obstante, independentemente dos obstáculos, a vontade de Deus fora claramente transmitida a Josué. Ele necessitava de agir em relação a esse facto através de fé na pessoa, promessas e provisão do Senhor.

Concentremo-nos na promessa do versículo 2b:à terra que eu dou aos filhos de Israel” (vs. 2). Adicionalmente, repare nas palavras “vo-lo tenho dado” (vs. 3). O povo estava prestes a entrar na Terra Prometida, o país prometido aos patriarcas, a Abraão, Isaac e Jacob ou Israel, pelo próprio Deus, que não pode recuar nas Suas promessas. De facto, Ele começara a preparar os habitantes nativos para a derrota (compare com 2:9 ss). A terra começara a pertencer-lhes há quarenta anos atrás, mas não tinham conseguido entrar nela devido a descrença e falta de coragem.

A Palavra de Deus encontra-se repleta de centenas de promessas (vss. 3-6, 9). Essencialmente, cada princípio da Escritura torna-se uma promessa, pois com tal princípio vem a promessa inerente de Deus, que É veracidade perfeita, de modo a podermos confiar nesse princípio. Porém, temos de conhecer essas promessas e agir nelas pela fé. As promessas de Deus são conferidas de modo a nos transportarem através do Jordão da vida – não necessariamente para o remover do nosso caminho, mas sim para nos capacitar a avançar e a atravessá-lo com fé. Não nos são dadas para que evitemos os obstáculos ou tentemos ir à volta, mas sim para que os cruzemos vitoriosamente.

Como reclamamos e agimos baseados nessas promessas? Como fazemos dessas promessas parte das nossas vidas?

(3) A força e a coragem provêm da Renovação diária nos Princípios de Deus (1:7-8).

De acordo com uma definição bíblica de sucesso, um ministério bem-sucedido está em última análise relacionado com uma aprendizagem e estudo sólido da Bíblia, em detrimento dos nossos métodos humanos, técnicas e estratégias que, com demasiada frequência, recorrem à pressão, coacção e manipulação a fim de permitirem o alcance dos nossos planos ou resultados.

A Palavra é intrinsecamente poderosa e capaz de produzir uma mudança piedosa nas vidas dos fiéis, uma vez que motiva, encoraja, dá esperança e direcção, e expõe-nos quer às nossas necessidades, quer à provisão de Deus. A Palavra foi-nos concedida no sentido de estabelecer uma relação comunicativa com Deus. É um meio de comunhão com Ele. Contudo, tal leva o seu tempo – tempo de qualidade e diligência. Repare na ênfase conferida a este assunto ao longo dos versículos seguintes. “Fazer conforme a toda a lei…; dela não te desvies…” (vs. 7), “antes, medita nele, dia e noite…” (vs. 8).

Qual é a nossa tendência? Nos dias de hoje, a pessoa comum procura uma solução rápida – três passos fáceis. Queremos que Deus faça isto por nós agora. Mas este tipo de aproximação não desenvolve uma relação com o Senhor. Uma amizade com Deus, conhecê-lO, tal como qualquer outra relação, leva o seu tempo. É isto que nos propicia sucesso no ministério e na vida, independentemente de para onde vamos ou do que façamos.

O Aviso: Josué foi avisado ou alertado relativamente a três aspectos:

  • “Para que tenhas cuidado” avisa contra o perigo, incita à prudência, observação ou escrutínio cuidadoso, bem como à conscienciosidade (compare com Efé. 5:15).
  • “De fazer conforme a tudo” aponta para o conceito do conselho íntegro da Palavra.
  • “Dela não te desvies” aponta para o conceito da Escritura enquanto nosso indicador ou padrão objectivo, alertando contra a relatividade moral.

O Processo: Josué deveria fazer três coisas em relação às Escrituras:

  • A Lei não deixaria a sua boca; deveria falar sobre ela (compare com Deut. 6:7). Isso seria um meio de se manter ocupado com os pensamentos e caminhos de Deus.
  • Meditaria nela dia e noite; deveria pensar nela constantemente (compare com Salmos 1:2; 119:97). De forma a ser capaz de falar sobre dela e de a aplicar, a pessoa tem de a conhecer e ver como se aplica. Temos de a manter na nossa mente e coração, de modo a que nos fortifique, encoraje e dirija.
  • Deveria fazer tudo o que nela estivesse escrito, conduzindo a sua vida em obediência a todas as suas ordens (compare com Ed 7:10; Tiago 1:22‑25).

(4) A força e a coragem provêm de Contar com a Pessoa e presença de Deus (1:9).

Por último, mas não menos importante, há que considerar a presença de Deus, sempre atenta e protectora. Não existe situação, problema ou inimigo que alguma vez enfrentemos sós. O Senhor está sempre lá, como nosso suporte e provisão constantes. Se estamos preocupados com o nosso ministério ou com qualquer outra coisa, podemos ficar absolutamente certos de que Deus está infinitamente mais preocupado do que nós. Basta-nos caminhar na luz da Sua presença, contando com a Sua orientação, suporte, provisão e cuidado, ao mantermos n'Ele o nosso foco (Heb. 12:1-2).

“Não to mandei eu.” Qual é o ponto importante aqui? É a fonte do comando e das promessas. O “eu” refere-se a Yahweh. Atente ao que se segue.

“Porque o Senhor (Yahweh), teu Deus (Elohim), é contigo, por onde quer que andares.” Estas palavras enfatizam a natureza daquele que deu o comando. Elas canalizam a nossa atenção para quem e o que é Deus. Um dos segredos para a audácia e coragem é a consciência da provisão e presença de Deus, especialmente da Sua presença enquanto aquele que prometeu nunca nos abandonar.

Compare João 20:19 e o medo dos discípulos antes de experienciarem a presença de Cristo ressuscitado e a promessa da Sua presença imperecível (compare com Mt. 28:18-20) com a ousadia que demonstraram em Actos 4:13-20. O que fez a diferença nos discípulos? Estes eram agora homens confiantes na presença de Cristo (Mt. 28:18-20), que conheciam a vontade de Deus e a Sua Palavra, e estavam repletos do Espírito de Deus (compare com Actos 4:8). Quando o Espírito Santo assume o controlo sobre a vida de um homem e o instrui na Palavra de Deus, ele não transmite “o espírito de temor, mas de fortaleza, e de amor, e de moderação”:

“Porque Deus não nos deu o espírito de temor, mas de fortaleza, e de amor, e de moderação” (2 Timóteo 1:7).

“Temor” é deilia, significando covardia, o oposto da coragem. "Fortaleza" é dunamis, a capacidade de fazermos o que devemos. "Amor" é agaph, uma atitude mental de preocupação sacrificial relativamente aos outros. Implica motivação e capacidade de tomar decisões difíceis. "Moderação" é swfronismos, significando pensamento salutar, um produto da compreensão bíblica, que mantém os nossos medos sob controlo, modifica valores e prioridades e confere coragem e resolução.

Em Hebreus 13:1-3, o autor relembrou aos seus leitores a necessidade de servir os santos. Escreveu, por exemplo, “permaneça o amor fraternal. Não vos esqueçais da hospitalidade, …”. Deus deseja que atendamos às necessidades dos outros, o que requer coragem e obediência, significando por vezes sacrifício. O texto mencionado também nos alerta em relação aos nossos valores e fontes de segurança, lembrando-nos depois da presença e provisão de Deus.

Sejam os vossos costumes sem avareza, contentando-vos com o que tendes; porque ele disse: Não te deixarei, nem te desampararei.

E assim, com confiança, ousemos dizer: O Senhor é o meu ajudador, e não temerei o que me possa fazer o homem. (Heb. 13:5-6)

À medida que enfrentamos os desafios, oportunidades e o chamamento de Deus, lembremos estas três promessas feitas por Deus a Josué. Com a convocação de Deus para o serviço, chega sempre a provisão apropriada d'Ele. O problema não reside no Senhor, mas sim na nossa responsabilidade quanto a seguir as Suas admoestações tal como foram dadas a Josué.

Josué Fala ao Povo
(1:10-15)

10 Então deu ordem Josué aos príncipes do povo, dizendo: 11 Passai pelo meio do arraial e ordenai ao povo, dizendo: Provede-vos de comida, porque dentro de três dias passareis este Jordão, para que entreis a possuir a terra que vos dá o Senhor, vosso Deus, para que a possuais.

12 E falou Josué aos rubenitas, e aos gaditas, e à meia tribo de Manassés, dizendo: 13 Lembrai-vos da palavra que vos mandou Moisés, o servo do Senhor, dizendo: O Senhor, vosso Deus, vos dá descanso, e vos dá esta terra. 14 As vossas mulheres, os vossos meninos e o vosso gado fiquem na terra que Moisés vos deu, desta banda do Jordão; porém vós passareis armados na frente dos vossos irmãos, todos os valentes e valorosos, e ajudá-los-eis; 15 Até que o Senhor dê descanso aos vossos irmãos, como a vós, e eles também possuam a terra que o Senhor, vosso Deus, lhes dá; então tornareis à terra da vossa herança, e possuireis a que vos deu Moisés, o servo do Senhor, desta banda do Jordão, para o nascente do sol.

Na nossa lição anterior, a mensagem principal consistia na revelação de Deus a Josué, concernente às Suas promessas, aos Seus propósitos para a nação, aos grandes princípios da Lei e à Sua presença permanente. É isto que forma o pano de fundo, a motivação e inspiração para a secção presente e tudo o que se segue. Agora, nos versículos 10-15, Josué incita o povo a agir à luz da revelação e promessas de Deus. Aqui, o conceito-chave é a resposta imediata e obediente de Josué, independentemente dos obstáculos à sua frente. Há nesta secção uma nota de urgência, certeza, expectativa e fé nas ordens de Josué ao povo. Como Deus ordenara, o novo líder estava a assumir o controlo, seguindo com confiança as ordens do Senhor.

(1) Assim fez imediatamente, sem demora ou procrastinação. Há um adágio antigo, “Bata o martelo, enquanto o ferro está quente”. Quanto mais nos demoramos, mais relutantes ficamos quanto a obedecer aos requerimentos de Deus. A demora também pode ser desobediência. A procrastinação pode evidenciar falta de coração para o chamamento de Deus, bem como falta de zelo pelo Seu povo e glória. Note as palavras em Salmo 119:60, “Apressei-me, e não me detive, a observar os teus mandamentos”.

(2) Assim fez com confiança, mostrando fé no Senhor e coragem para enfrentar a tarefa diante de si. Uma resposta tão imediata evidencia fé na Palavra e confiança no Senhor.

(3) Assim fez com uma compreensão clara quanto àquilo que enfrentavam. Tal enfatiza ainda mais a essência da sua coragem. Primeiro, por experiência pessoal, percebeu o que enfrentavam, pois, quarenta anos antes, fora um dos doze espiões enviados a explorar a terra. É possível que lembrasse com pessimismo o relato negativo dos dez, antecipando uma resposta similar por parte da nova geração. Mas os olhos de Josué repousavam no Senhor com solidez. Demasiadas vezes, enfraquecemos o nosso foco no Senhor e no Seu poder por pensarmos em todos os aspectos negativos, em tudo que pode acontecer se seguirmos em frente. Em segundo lugar, Josué poderá ter sido informado do que enfrentariam através da descrição de dois espiões, que enviara à terra no capítulo 2, provavelmente antes da ordem no versículo 11.2

Ainda assim, Josué e o povo deparavam-se com uma situação que, em muitos aspectos, estabelecia um paralelo com o dilema que Moisés e os israelitas haviam enfrentado no Mar Vermelho (Êx. 14). “Em cada caso, o obstáculo ocorrera no início do ministério do líder. Ambos eram impossíveis de solucionar através de meios naturais. Ambos exigiam dependência implícita e absoluta num Deus operador de milagres.”3

Após quarenta anos a deambular, pensando terem por fim chegado à Terra Prometida, encontram o rio inundando as suas margens (3:15). Enfrentavam o que para eles era uma dificuldade intransponível. A vida é mesmo assim, não é verdade? Tantas vezes, quando as nossas esperanças estão em alta, assim que as coisas parecem estar a correr à nossa maneira, aparecem problemas vindos do nada, e parece que ficamos a contemplar uma travessia impossível. Porém, todas as coisas são possíveis a Deus, que tudo opera em benefício daqueles que O amam (veja Gén. 18:14; Jer. 32:17; Mt. 19:26; Lucas 1:37; 18:27).

Dois assuntos tinham de ser analisados antes que pudessem atravessar o Jordão. Mais tarde, em 3:1 ss, Josué dará instruções específicas quanto à forma como o Jordão deveria ser atravessado mas, primeiro, como um bom líder, avalia a situação de modo responsável, estabelecendo duas coisas a ser feitas.

Planeamento Logístico: Tinham de ser Recolhidas Provisões (1:11)

A comida aqui recolhida fora tomada como espólio das suas conquistas ao longo do deserto. O maná ainda estava disponível, mas não era possível guardá-lo de um dia para o outro sem que se estragasse. Marchariam de Sitim até às margens do Jordão, um trajecto com apenas cerca de oito milhas (aproximadamente treze quilómetros); contudo, dado o número de pessoas e tudo o que estava envolvido, evidentemente não poderiam recolher o maná.

Analogia: O assunto aqui mencionado consiste no sustento que lhes permitisse atravessar e tomar posse das suas possessões, bem como lidar com as batalhas que enfrentariam, mediante fé no poder do Senhor. De modo similar, temos de ser nutridos pelas Palavras da fé, de forma a continuarmos a entrar nas nossas bênçãos em Cristo (compare com 1 Tim. 4:6 ss e Heb. 3:7-19).

Planeamento Estratégico: Um Lembrete de Responsabilidades (1:12-15)

Nos versículos 12-14, Josué recorda as tribos de Gad, Rúben e meia tribo de Manassés das suas promessas e responsabilidades (Núm. 32:16-32; Deut. 3:12-20). Vemos neste facto uma chave para o sucesso de Josué.

(1) Ele estava a obedecer à sua missão de “fazer conforme a toda a lei de Moisés”.

Ele lembrava-se e procurava viver segundo os princípios e promessas da Palavra. Compare com 1:13, “Lembrai-vos da palavra que vos mandou Moisés”. Esta tornara-se a Palavra para Israel.

(2) Ele relembrou a Palavra ao povo. A sua autoridade para o desafio frente às duas tribos e meia consistia na Palavra do Senhor.

“O que estimulou Josué a procurar a cooperação deles não foi prudência natural ou um espírito de conveniência.”4 Não se tratou apenas de procurar mais ajuda por os seus recursos serem insuficientes. Não consistiu em pedir isto como um favor para si mesmo. Não, o apelo e autoridade provieram das ordens factuais da Palavra de Deus. Os servos de Deus devem aprender a confiar no poder da Palavra quanto a motivar e servir outros e a realizar os propósitos de Deus.

Em princípio, porém, esta ordem de Moisés, aqui reiterada por Josué, promovia o conceito do povo de Deus como uma equipa. Ele delegava tarefas específicas para estas pessoas. Cada indivíduo era necessário, tendo de fazer a sua parte. Agiriam como tropas de choque, indo diante dos seus irmãos.

Existe ainda um outro factor. Nas palavras do versículo 13b, “O Senhor, vosso Deus, vos dá descanso, e vos dá esta terra”, seguidas das palavras do versículo 15, “até que o Senhor dê descanso aos vossos irmãos, como a vós, …”, Josué lembrava-lhes as suas obrigações face ao seu povo, colocando sobre eles uma obrigação adicional, baseada na gratidão por aquilo que Deus já fizera em seu favor.

A Resposta do Povo
(1:16-18)

16 Então responderam a Josué, dizendo: Tudo quanto nos ordenaste faremos, e onde quer que nos enviares iremos. 17 Como em tudo ouvimos a Moisés, assim te ouviremos a ti: tão somente que o Senhor, teu Deus, seja contigo, como foi com Moisés. 18 Todo o homem que for rebelde à tua boca, e não ouvir as tuas palavras, em tudo quanto lhe mandares, morrerá: tão somente esforça-te, e tem bom ânimo.

Em qualquer iniciativa bem-sucedida da parte do povo de Deus, é essencial que os líderes obtenham o apoio do povo a fim de que a obra avance. Poderíamos intitular esta secção de Encorajamento de Josué. Ele honrara a Palavra de Deus, e agora era Deus que honrava Josué, incitando o povo a responder-lhe. É tremendamente encorajador para os líderes e restantes pessoas quando o povo é responsivo à Palavra, mostrando obediência e compromisso. Pela mesma razão, pode ser desencorajador ver o contrário a acontecer. Em tempos assim, tanto os líderes como o povo devem continuar a confiar no Senhor, examinando os seus ministérios e procurando que o Senhor os estimule à obediência em vez de recorrerem a algum tipo de manipulação ou coacção.

O povo não só estava disposto a obedecer, como também se propunha a lidar com a desobediência que surgisse, devido ao efeito desmoralizador sobre os demais e à desonra que tal traria ao Senhor. Esta acção é sempre crucial para qualquer povo de Deus.

Aplicação: Esta secção ilustra a necessidade da aplicação cuidadosa e amorosa da disciplina eclesiástica no corpo. Tal nunca é fácil. Requer compromisso real, devendo sempre ser feito com vista à reconciliação e recuperação de um crente pecador.

A afirmação “tão somente que o Senhor, teu Deus, seja contigo, como foi com Moisés” pode ser interpretada de duas maneiras. É possível considerá-la uma condição, desejo ou súplica. Se interpretada como condição, as pessoas estavam a dizer que queriam evidência clara quanto a Josué ser guiado por Deus, constatando que ele era verdadeiramente o homem de Deus, caminhando com o Senhor. Se tomada enquanto súplica ou desejo, demonstra o reconhecimento do favor de Deus como necessário para alcançar o sucesso. Comprova o facto de que reconheciam ser insuficientes para a tarefa, mas que o Senhor era suficiente. Precisavam de um líder que estivesse em contacto com o Deus vivo.

Aplicação: Nisto constatamos a necessidade dos líderes espirituais serem exemplos para o rebanho (Heb. 13:7). As pessoas querem ver e precisam de realidade espiritual madura nos seus líderes. Foi por este motivo que Paulo encorajou Timóteo com as seguintes palavras:

1 Timóteo 4:11-16. Manda estas coisas e ensina-as. 12 Ninguém despreze a tua mocidade; mas sê o exemplo dos fiéis, na palavra, no trato, no amor, no espírito, na fé, na pureza. 13 Persiste em ler, exortar e ensinar, até que eu vá. 14 Não desprezes o dom que há em ti, o qual te foi dado por profecia, com a imposição das mãos do presbitério. 15 Medita nestas coisas; ocupa-te nelas, para que o teu aproveitamento seja manifesto a todos. 16 Tem cuidado de ti mesmo e da doutrina, persevera nestas coisas; porque, fazendo isto, te salvarás, tanto a ti mesmo como aos que te ouvem.

Texto original de J. Hampton Keathley, III.

Tradução de C. Oliveira.


1 J. Oswald Sanders, Spiritual Leadership, Moody Press, 1967, pp. 78-79.

2 O que se encontra descrito em 3:2 pode ser igual a 1:11 ou ter sucedido a esse acontecimento.

3 D.K. Campbell, Joshua: Leader Under Fire, Victor Books, Wheaton, 1981, p. 12.

4 Arthur Pink, Gleanings in Joshua, Moody Press, Chicago, 1964, p. 50.

Related Topics: Character Study

From the series: The Rapture PREVIOUS PAGE

5. The Rapture

Article contributed by www.walvoord.com

Related Media

Editor’s Note: This is a lightly edited transcription of the audio message. Thanks goes to Marilyn Fine for the transcription work.

Introduction

This week, as you know if you have been attending the services, I have been trying to get you excited about the Rapture of the Church. Of course, one of the important elements of that is to persuade you that the Bible teaches that Christ could come very soon. I want to review this just a bit. Then, I want to turn to the Book of Revelation to see what the Rapture has to do with the Second Coming. Finally with the time left we will have some questions and answers.

Review On The Coming Of Christ

Now, what have I been teaching you? First of all, I pointed out that the Rapture, wherever it is located in the Bible in the New Testament, always speaks of it as the next event. There is nothing preceding it. This is quite in contrast to the Second Coming of Christ to the earth where there are all kinds of important and world-shaking events that precede. The Rapture – never. It is always presented that we should be “looking for that blessed hope” (according to Titus) not for some preceding event.

Then, we also examined I Thessalonians 4 and 5 and we found that when the Rapture occurs, the Day of the Lord begins and the Day of Grace, such as we have in our present dispensation, ends. People will still get saved, but this is a time of divine judgment on a world that has rejected Christ and eventually recognizes the antichrist as their god and as their savior. God is going to pour out the terrible judgments that the Bible describes.

Then, we saw also how the false teachers came into Thessalonica and taught them that they were already in the Day of the Lord. Paul had said they would never get into the Day of the Lord because the Rapture was first. Thus this new teaching upset them and Paul wrote II Thessalonians.

What did he tell them? He said you are not in the Day of the Lord. Why not? Because the man of sin, the lawless one, the antichrist, has not appeared. You see, the first major event of the Day of the Lord is the emergence of this man of sin. He said you are not in that day because he has not emerged. Of course, he cannot emerge until the Day of the Lord begins. The Day of the Lord cannot begin until the Rapture occurs. So, in effect he is saying that you cannot have this period of trial and trouble following the Rapture until the Rapture itself occurs. Hence we have an order of events that are necessary—the Rapture first, the Day of the Lord beginning next, and then the antichrist appearing.

Now, when will he be recognized? Obviously, as he moves on toward the end time it becomes more and more evident that he is the antichrist. But I think he is recognized first of all when he conquers three of those 10 countries in the revived Roman Empire. This empire is going to emerge about the same time as the Rapture. When he conquers the three countries, then all ten, it is rather obvious that he is that person.

According to Daniel 9:27, when he gets to that position of power he makes a seven-year covenant with Israel. Get the chronology of this. Seven years before the Second Coming, he makes the covenant. Before he makes the covenant, he has to conquer those ten countries. Before he can conquer those ten countries, he has to appear. He cannot appear until the Day of the Lord begins and the Day of the Lord cannot begin until the Rapture occurs. So we have a Rapture that is more than seven years prior to the Second Coming. That wipes out the post-Tribulational view, it wipes out the mid-Tribulational view, and it wipes out the partial-Rapture view. You see the Rapture occurs more than seven years before the Second Coming. That is what II Thessalonians teaches as we put together all the scriptures.

We also went into the Book of Revelation yesterday and looked at this idea that the Church has to go through the Tribulation. While the post-Tribulationists, before World War II, just said it was all past and that there was no tribulation ahead. Now, they say there is tribulation ahead. Now they have to face the facts that the Bible teaches that we are not subject to wrath.

When you get into the Book of Revelation it is very obvious that the wrath is there. Chapter 6 states that the wrath of God is there. The fourth seal in Chapter 6 wipes out a fourth of the world’s population. If that is not the Great Tribulation I do not know what is! Then, when you get down to the trumpet judgments that follow the seal judgments you find a third of the world destroyed in the sixth trumpet. Then, on top of that you come to Chapter 16 and here they pour out the seven bowls of the wrath of God on the world and there are devastating world-wide judgments. The last one of which in Chapter 16 is an earthquake that levels the cities of the Gentiles (apparently not Israel). On top of that islands disappear, mountains disappear, the whole world is in convulsions. Can you imagine the loss of life, the destruction of property, the tidal waves, all the catastrophes that add up through this end-time scene? Then, on top of that, we are told that the world is peppered with a hail storm, with the hailstones weighing 100 pounds each. I do not need to tell you that that is absolute destruction. If you go to fictional books you could not imagine a more awful time.

Now, the post-Tribulationalists want us to believe that the Church goes through this unscathed! But, that is exactly what the Book of Revelation contradicts. While the 144,000 are preserved (12,000 from each of the 12 tribes), in Revelation Chapter 7 beginning in verse 9 Scripture pictures the scene in Heaven and John sees a great multitude of people from every nation and kindred and tongue. He asks where did they come from? They came out of the Great Tribulation. These are people who were saved after the Rapture – millions of them, perhaps— but now they are facing the awful judgments of the end time. The world ruler is going to try to kill every one of them. Behead them, according to scripture, because they will not worship him. Then, they are also subject to all the catastrophes that overtake the world in pestilence, famine, war. These do not just single out unsaved people. So, there is going to be a great mass of people who got saved after the Rapture that now seal their testimony with their own blood. It does not sound to me like the Church is going to go through this period unscathed. There will be some who escape, but I take it the percentage is small. The evidence seems to pile up that most of those who come to Christ in the Tribulation time will die a sudden, catastrophic death of one kind or another. So, that is what the Bible teaches. So, there is not any room for a post-Tribulational Rapture.

The Book of Revelation

Now, I want to turn to the Book of Revelation. I want you to see that this is not something I foist on the Book. This is what the Bible teaches. It is all related to the Second Coming of Christ. You see, the traditional post-Tribulationist view says that when Christ comes from Heaven in His Second Coming, that the Church rises up to meet Him and then turns around and comes back to earth with Him. The problem is where is that in the Bible? It simply is not there. I want you to see that.

In Chapter 19, first of all, we are introduced to the great glory of Heaven and the announcement is made in verse 7, “Let us be glad and rejoice and give glory for the marriage [and it should be the marriage feast] of the Lamb has come and his wife hath made herself ready. So, blessed are those who are called to the marriage supper of the Lamb.”

The Greek word is “gammos” in both cases. They did not have a marriage ceremony in Christ’s day like ours. They had a marriage supper. In understanding the traditions of the times there were three stages to this. There was the first stage where the parents of the bridegroom would pay the parents of the bride a dowry. When that dowry was paid, the young people were legally married. Usually, they did not start living together for at least another year. Then, there came the second phase when the bridegroom, as illustrated in the parable of the ten virgins, would claim his bride. That would be phase 2. The third phase was the wedding feast. What do we have here? The wedding feast.

So, it is very clear from Chapter 19 that the Rapture has already occurred. The bridegroom has already claimed his bride. You see, there is no room for a subsequent event like that when they are celebrating the marriage feast. That, of course, is the point of the ten virgins. The ten virgins, of course, assumed that the bridegroom has paid the dowry. He did that when He died for us on the cross. Then, the bridegroom claims his bride, but that is not the point of the parable. The point of the parable is to tell us who is eligible to attend the wedding feast. That is where the ten virgins come in. Of course, as you know, the five virgins were wise and went into the marriage feast and the others, who were not ready because they did not have oil in their lamp, were shut out.

In other words, the issue and the point of the whole parable was not so much to discuss the dowry or the Rapture of the Church because it does not really detail that. But it does teach the people who are going to face the issue to ask “are we ready for the marriage supper of the Lamb?”

There is a lot of debate as to when that occurs but hereafter more than seven years have gone by and it has not occurred yet. So, apparently, it probably is in connection with the first days of the Millennial Kingdom. That is as near as we can get to an affirmation. Now, you bear in mind and you have all seen this picture of this unending table which goes out into infinity. Are millions and millions of people are going to sit down to a wedding feast? Well, I am a literalist, but I find that a little bit hard to understand. I cannot imagine millions of people sitting down to a supper. So I take it that is what it is talking about is that we are all going to enjoy the blessings of Heaven-the bride and the bridegroom are there, of course. Then, all the others that are not part of the Church are also going to share in the blessings of eternity. They are going to be there and enjoy the Millennial Kingdom. That is why I think it is called a marriage supper. It climaxes Christ coming for His Church and taking her to Himself.

Let’s go on to this because in verse 19 and following we have a picture of Jesus Christ coming back in power and glory. In verse 11 and following, and I want you to listen as I read this—(Bear in mind the contrast between this scene of the Second Coming and the scene of the Rapture in I Thessalonians 4. What happened at the Rapture? Well, Christ appeared, oddly in Heaven. He calls Christians who have died to be resurrected; living Christians to be changed. They meet Him in the air and go to Heaven. He never touches the earth. The earth is not affected at all. In fact, there is no clear evidence that anybody in the world knows what is happening because the Rapture is an instantaneous event. Suddenly, every Christian is gone. It is going to be quite a traumatic experience for a person who is not a Christian to be talking to a Christian who suddenly disappears. I take it that the Rapture is going to really jolt some people into finding out what the truth is. I believe many of them will come to Christ as a result. Millions of people will accept Christ after the Rapture. That seems to be what the Bible teaches. Now, many of them, as I pointed out, will be martyred, but they will be saved and will be with Jesus forever.)—Here is the picture of what He saw in verse 11,

“I saw Heaven open and, behold, a white horse. He who sat on it was called faithful and true and in righteousness He judges and makes war.”

This is not a peaceful venture. The white horse, of course, is symbolic of victory. A Roman general when he won a victory would ride through the streets on a white horse and the prisoners of war would follow them in the streets. It says that he in righteousness judges and makes war. It is a time of judgment.

“His eyes are like a flame of fire. On his head were many crowns. He had a name written that no one knew except Himself. He was clothed with a robe dipped in blood and His name is called the Word of God. The armies in Heaven clothed in fine linen, white and clean, followed Him on white horses.”

They are part of the victory, you see.

“Out of His mouth goes a sharp sword goes a sharp sword that with it He should strike the nations and He, Himself, will rule them with a rod of iron. He, Himself, treads the winepress of the fierceness and wrath of almighty God and He had on His robe and on His thigh a name written, King of Kings and Lord of Lords.”

This is an awesome, awesome picture and the scriptures tell us that the whole world is going to see it. Millions of saints and angels accompanying Christ from Heaven to the earth to assist in His Millennial Kingdom, His reign on earth. It is going to be a glorious thing and the heavens are going to be ablaze with the glory of God. I take it there may be a processional that will last for 24 hours because the earth turns. It says the whole world is going to see it. Now, it happened in an instant in one place in the Holy Land and the other side of the world could not see it. It says every eye is going to see it. They are going to know what it is. They are going to know it is the Second Coming of Christ and they are going to know that they are not saved. It is too late. There comes a time when it is too late. It is a time when the glory of Christ appears in Heaven. It’s too late to turn to Christ and be saved.

The verses which follow do not describe any rapture. In fact, I do not think there is a scrap of evidence that there is either a rapture or a resurrection on the day of Christ’s Second Coming. It is commonly held that is when it is going to occur. Try to find it in the Bible. It simply is not there. The resurrection comes a few days later, but there is not any rapture at all. You see, at the Rapture of the Church there are two things: there is a rapture of living people whose bodies were instantly changed,(according to I Corinthians 15, and made suitable for Heaven) and also there is a raising of the dead Christians from the dead and their souls reentering their new body. Those are the two things necessary for a rapture.

There is another resurrection but only one rapture in the Bible. So this is what happens at the Rapture of the Church. But there is no rapture here in Revelation 19 and there is no resurrection. We follow here in verse 17 that the “vultures, the birds in the midst of Heaven are invited to come and gather together for the supper of the great God that ye eat the flesh of kings, the flesh of captains, the flesh of mighty men” and so on. In other words, when Christ uses the sword out of His mouth, these armies which have been fighting it out for power and were brought there by Satan have all turned to try to fight the army from Heaven, but it is all absolutely futile. There is no war. Christ just speaks the word and all these millions of men involved in this final struggle and their horses are instantly killed. The judgment of God is not pretty. It is awful! That is one of the awful judgments here. The vultures are invited to feast and have their supper. This is in contrast to the marriage of the Lamb in the early part of the chapter, you remember, where the wedding feast is for the saved. Now, this is the vultures feeding on those who are lost.

It sums it up in verse 20, with the beast (that is the world ruler) and the false prophet (who worked with them and caused the people to worship him) are both captured alive and cast into the lake of fire. At this point, there is nobody in the lake of fire. To this point when unsaved people die they go to what we call “Hades,” a place of the dead. We have this place Hades described in various passages such as Luke 16 where the rich man and the poor man go to glory and they are separated and the poor man is in torment in Hades. Well, that is where they go now, but here is the first one that is cast into the lake of fire. We learn in Matthew 25 that the lake of fire is prepared for the devil and his angels. That is its primary purpose. That is where they are going to end up. But those who reject Christ are going to share that awful fate as the Bible makes very plain.

Certain things follow the Second Coming. It is amazing to me how Bible scholars mess this up. In Chapter 20, verses 1-3, it pictures the binding of Satan. You know what the Amillennialists try to tell us? That Satan was bound at the first coming of Christ. That is not what my Bible teaches. You remember in I Peter it tells us that the “devil is as a roaring lion seeking whom he may devour”? If the roaring lion came down that aisle here you would lose interest in my sermon in a hurry, wouldn’t you? A roaring lion is not something you can tamper with. That is what Satan is doing. Do you realize? I do not think many Christians realize it, but if Satan had his way he would kill every Christian. He would ruin every Christian work. He would spoil everything and make it impossible. The only reason why we preachers survive and the only reason why you survive as a Christian with any testimony at all is because God protects you. That has always been true.

Do you remember the Book of Job? He was a godly, righteous man and God called Satan’s attention to him. Satan said, “well, it is because you are so good to him. Let me at him.” You know, God said “all right. You can get at him but you cannot take his life.” The first thing that Satan did was to kill every one of his family and all his herds. They were carried away and he was robbed. He was left with nothing except a wife who told him to curse God and die. The devil left her because he could use her. A sad thing, isn’t it?

Then, Satan said “let me get at HIM” and God said “all right. You can get at his body, but you cannot kill him.” He had terrible sores and we have the long record of how his friends tried to figure out what was happening. Now, this illustrates that Satan can get at us if God permits it. Satan told God “you have built a hedge about him that I cannot get at.” The only reason you have any peace and tranquility at all is because God has marvelously protected you. When you get to Heaven, you are going to discover all sorts of things that were kept out of your life by the power and grace of God that Satan would have loved to have brought in and just wrecked your life in every which way. So, here, we have some cast into the lake of fire where the Devil and his angels are going ultimately.

Now, in Chapter 20 we have Satan bound. I am distinguishing in this passage what John saw and what he heard. He saw an angel come down from heaven with a big chain and He bound Satan and put him in the abyss (that is the home of the demon world) and put a seal on the top and shut him out. That much he could see. What he did not know was the purpose. He heard that. It was revealed to him that what he was seeing is that Satan would be bound for 1,000 years. You cannot “see” those details. That had to be told to him.

Now, I believe that on the one hand we have to interpret what we see, but, on the other hand, when God says “this is what it means” then you are not free to “tamper” with that and say it does not mean what God says it means. The devil was bound here. For the entire 1,000–year reign of Christ, following His Second Coming, Satan and the demon world will be inactive.

People say, “why is there a Millennial Kingdom anyway?” Well, you know God has been trying the human race. He has tried them out in innocency and they sin. He tried them out with conscience—go down through the dispensations, He has tried every means possible! Now, people say, “well, it is the devil that tempted me.” All right. The devil is going to be bound. Are men still wicked? Yes, they are. We read that some, in spite of everything, with Christ visually present in the world, and His glorious nature. Yet they attempt to conquer the city of Jerusalem, the capital city, by force. Of course, there is a tragic end for them because fire comes down from heaven and destroys them. It illustrates that man, even under the best environment, with all the information that he needs to lead a holy life, is still basically wicked. Apart from the grace of God, there will be no salvation, no sanctification, no Heaven, and no grace of God is manifest in their life.

Verses 4 to 6 are especially interesting to me in regard to the Rapture. He said,

“I saw the souls of those who had been beheaded for their witness of Jesus and for the Word of God who would not worship the beast or his image, who had not received his mark on their foreheads or on their hands.”

Now, who are these people? These are people who lived in that last three-and-a-half years prior to the Second Coming of Christ. It says here that when this beast, this world ruler was in power, that they refuse to worship him. The result was they were beheaded. They were killed one, two or three years before the Second Coming of Christ. Now it says that they lived and reigned with Christ 1,000 years. When were they resurrected? After the Second Coming of Christ. They had just been dead a few years. Now they are resurrected and resurrected from the grave. Do you know what the amillenarians do with that? They say this is simply the conversion of the unsaved. Where in the world is that in that passage? I cannot understand how competent scholars, godly men, can come up with such a strange interpretation. This is not the conversion of unsaved people. This is the resurrection of people who are born again and have died as martyrs and now are being restored. For what purpose? To live and reign with Christ for how many years? 1,000 years. You see, I am a pre-millenarian and I believe that Christ comes first and the Millennium follows. The reason I do is because it is taught in this verse. These people are going to reign with Christ for 1,000 years.

Now, it goes on to say this is the first resurrection. Wait a minute! Is this the Rapture? Well, of course not. What does it mean the first resurrection? You know it is amazing to me how post-Tribulational books land on this and they say this must be the Rapture. It has been explained again and again and again in pre-Tribulational books that that is not what it means. I have yet to read a post-Tribulational book that will acknowledge that they know the other answer. See, the word “first” occurs in different ways. It is not number one resurrection, but it means that something is done first. For instance, the housewife will say “I am going downtown to shop but first I am going to put the supper in the oven.” That is not the first time she did it. What does she mean when she says it is done first? Well, it is done before. There are two events here: going downtown is the second event, but the first event is putting the meal into the oven. Now, here are two events, too. Here is the resurrection of the righteous martyrs who died. That is first. The second resurrection is at the end of this chapter where the wicked dead, 1,000 years later, are raised from the dead and cast into the lake of fire. You see, one, two.

One of the strange things that theologians have tried to perpetuate is the idea there is one great final judgment and one great resurrection. The Bible does not teach that. You have just got to ignore what the Bible teaches in order to arrive at such a strange conclusion. You see, there is another resurrection in the Bible. What is the first one? Christ. Was He raised from the dead? Yes. Then, in Matthew 27 it tells us there was a token resurrection where a few were raised. Why? Because when Christ was raised He was the first fruits, plural, and so there are others raised to illustrate this and they were raised in Matthew 27.

Then, we have the Rapture of the Church. That is resurrection number three. Then, in Revelation 11, we have the two witnesses that witnessed for three-and-a-half years and God allows them to be killed. While the world is gloating over their death, they are lying in the streets of Jerusalem, suddenly they rise from the dead and are sent to Heaven. They are resurrected, too.

Here is the resurrection of the martyred dead—still another resurrection. This is resurrection number five if you want to keep track. Then, in Daniel 12 it mentions the Old Testament saints as being raised into the Tribulation. We are not told specifically what day it is, but that is the next one so there are six. The seventh resurrection, of course, is the resurrection of the wicked dead at the end of this chapter.

I want you to notice something, though, here. When does this resurrection take place? It takes place several days, apparently, after the Second Coming. In order words, there is a resurrection here, but there is no translation. You see, the saints that live on the earth at the time of the Second Coming go into the Millennial Kingdom in their natural bodies. They are not raptured. They still are in their natural bodies and the Bible pictures it that way. You read Isaiah 65. They are going to plant crops, they are going to build houses, they are going to bear children, they are going to live, they are going to die, they are going to sin. You see, they are still in their natural bodies and that is the way they are going to enter the Millennial Kingdom. So, there is no Rapture at that time.

If they have all been raptured at the time of the Second Coming there would be nobody left to populate the millennial earth in its natural way. So, there cannot be a Rapture at this time and there is not any. So, the first resurrection is the resurrection that is first in the sense that it is before the resurrection of the wicked at the end of the 1,000 years. It reminds us again they shall reign with Him 1,000 years. Verse 7 also tells us when the 1,000 years are expired Satan will be released from his prison and he will go out, as I have indicated earlier, and cause people who are not saved to rebel against God even in the Millennial Kingdom. And they are destroyed by a fire from heaven. Then follows the great sad, great White Throne Judgment of the wicked. They are cast into the lake of fire because their names are not written in the Lamb’s Book of Life.

Now, you see there is just no Rapture here. We saw yesterday how in the judgment of the nations that the Gentiles the sheep are still mixed with the unsaved, the goats, after the Second Coming of Christ. There was no Rapture at the Second Coming. There was no separation, but it did occur later when those that were unsaved were taken out because they were not worthy to enter the Millennial Kingdom. But the righteous stay on earth, just the opposite of the Rapture, the righteous stay in and the wicked are taken out and they go into the Millennial Kingdom.

So, as you examine these scriptures there simply is no Rapture. There just isn’t any. Those who say that there is a Rapture at this point have to create it out of whole cloth. They do not have a single verse of the Bible to support their position.

Question and Answer

Now, we are going to have a little question/answer hour, as I promised, and our system is going to be very simple. Raise your hand. and I will ask you to state your question. Then, I will try to repeat it because they are going to try to record this. We will see if we can get a few questions answered this morning. Who will be first? Stand up so I can see you. All right.

Q: The question is where do people go into the Millennial Kingdom?

A: Now, the Bible does not give us much information on this, but it does tell us that when the present earth and Heaven flee away and are destroyed the New Jerusalem descends from God out of Heaven. In contrast to the new heavens and new earth which are said to be created, the New Jerusalem is not said to be created. This has raised the question. Is it in existence during the Millennial Kingdom? It is 1,500 miles square. It obviously would blot out the whole Holy Land if it was on earth. So it cannot be on earth. The theory is that there can be a city like that as a satellite city. The Bible does not tell us this. They are just manufacturing this in trying to figure it out. But there are some that think that resurrection and raptured saints will have their residence in the new Jerusalem.

Just like a person who has his residence in the country and goes into town to his office so we will commute from that to the earth to carry on our functions because we are going to work in the world. There is so little scripture on this that I would rather say I do not know and leave the matter up to God when the time comes.

There is much that God has not seen fit to reveal. Why has He not revealed it? Because we do not need to know. It is amazing how we all want to know the things we do not need to know and the things we ought to know sometimes we neglect. That, unfortunately, is the case in the study of prophecy. There are a lot of things that are not revealed. So, I cannot really answer your question with finality because the Word of God does not answer it. Next question.

Q: The question is, is the Holy Spirit taken out of the world at the Rapture? The resulting question is how can people be born again if the Holy Spirit is taken out?

A: Of course, you cannot take the Holy Spirit out. God is omnipresent. There is no way that that can be changed where He is not present in a part of His universe. So, He is going to be there. According to II Thessalonians 2, they Holy Spirit is going to be taken away in the sense that He removes the restraint. Now, you see in the present age the Church indwelt by the Holy Spirit is God’s principle means of holding down the floodtides of evil. While we are a small minority we, nevertheless, are the fountainhead for morality and rule of life and things that are right and wrong. We still point to the Church. The Church is indwelt by the Holy Spirit. Now, if the Holy Spirit’s restraint is removed, the only way this could be accomplished is by the Holy Spirit to be taken out with the Church.

You see, before Pentecost the Holy Spirit did not indwell every Christian – now He does. As far as I can tell from scripture, once the Rapture of the Church occurs, the Holy Spirit does not indwell people in the Tribulation time. When you get to the Millennial Kingdom, then, again, the Holy Spirit indwells. So, we have to be very careful how we observe exactly what the scripture says and exactly what it does not say. You cannot remove the Holy Spirit. The fact is, as I brought out, millions of people will be saved after the Rapture. This cannot be accomplished without the Holy Spirit. Of course, the answer is how? Well, how were they saved before Pentecost? You see, the Holy Spirit was in the world there, but He was not in us. So, what changed is the indwelling of the presence of the Holy Spirit and His restraint upon the world of sin as a whole. That is going to be changed in the Great Tribulation. God is going to allow the human race to manifest how terribly sinful it really is. It will be a time of unprecedented lawlessness summed up, of course, ultimately in the worship of Satan and the world rulers. So, I take it the Holy Spirit is omnipresent, but He does not exercise the qualities He is doing now. Next question.

Q: The question is will the pope be able to bring together the various churches?

A: We have the so-called ecumenical movement that came to a head in 1948 when the World Council of Churches was formed and the purpose of this is to unite all Christians under one gigantic organization where the power will be in a hierarchy at the top. It has not worked out very well because it is largely in the hands of liberals, although there are some evangelical Christians involved in it. The world church movement is not prospering.

I take it when the Rapture of the Church occurs and every true Christian is taken out of the world, including out of the world-Church-movement, all who will be left will be apostate teachers. I take it this fulfills what Revelation 17 described as a harlot astride a scarlet colored beast. This is a world Church movement that is utterly wicked and utterly departing from God. In fact, the woman is described as drunk with the blood of the saints. He is going to put to death those who are actually born again.

So, there is a world Church movement in the world today. It is one of the major things I did not get to this week along with the work in the Church, the true Church, the Rapture of the Church, and then the nations of the world, the changes in Europe and the formation eventually of the Roman Empire. Then, we saw in Israel the fact that Israel is in the land—all these things are important and the world church movement is another aspect of that. So, I take it that that is part of the end-time picture. Now, put this together, if you will. In 1946, the United Nations brings the idea of a world government which, of course, characterizes the end. In 1948, Israel is given their 5,000 square miles. Israel is back in the land. In 1948, the World Council of Churches is formed. Here you have the three major areas of God’s prophecies – the Church, the world, and Israel – all affected in a very short time after World War II. It is just as if God is saying that the stage is getting set and the time is drawing near. It could be that the Rapture of the Church is very, very near.

Conclusion

Now, our time is up and we want to conclude this service. Let us bow in a word of prayer.

Our Father, how grateful we are that while there are many things we only know in part and many questions which cannot be finally answered, the things that are important have been answered. We know how to be saved. We know how to look for the Lord’s coming. We know that when He comes He is going to catch us out of the world and take us to Heaven. We know we are going to be in His presence forever. We are the objects of His love and grace and will illustrate through all eternity what the grace of God is. So, help us, Lord, to get excited about this and be looking for this precious hope and then be living in the way that is well pleasing to the Lord as we face this great future. We ask it in Christ’s name. Amen.

From the series: The Rapture PREVIOUS PAGE

Why Saving Faith Is Impossible Without Repentance

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We are saved by grace through faith in the person and work of Jesus Christ—alone. Nothing can be added to Christ’s perfect work or to faith by which the salvation He accomplished becomes ours. Simple faith the size of a mustard seed unites to Christ, in whom the righteousness of His perfect obedience and payment of the penalty required by God’s justice is imputed (credited) to us, by which we are justified forever. God’s justice demands no less for the forgiveness of sin and eternal life.

The call to faith, however, also includes a call to repentance. Indeed, saving faith cannot exist without repentance. How can this be?

A Change of Heart

If you have you ever watch a loved one suffer from cancer or some other horrible disease you can easily understand how love to someone cannot abide with love for the disease that hurts them. In the same way, we cannot embrace both Christ and evil that is His enemy. Light and darkness are incompatible; love to one implies hate for the other. Thus, none can love a God of moral perfection and love moral darkness at the same time. And yes, our every sin chooses, for the moment, moral darkness over the light of God’s perfect will. (No one lives in perfect conformity with God’s holy standards this side of glory.) Yet, none can embrace the One whose beauty is holiness, while sin remains the supreme and enduring love of one’s heart. Never can these opposite principles share preeminence in the same soul.

Therefore, saving faith always includes turning from the love of darkness to the love of light, from the love of sin to the love of holiness. Indeed, one cannot love God without loving the holiness that renders His every attribute beautiful. This helps explain why faith that merely seeks to avoid hell cannot be a true and saving faith if the love of evil remains supreme in the heart. People do not like to suffer and may gladly accept a “get out of jail free” card if it does not require a change of heart and life. But faith without a new nature saves no one.

A Change of Faith

Second, while unbelief lacks saving faith, it does not lack faith, per se. All unbelief is faith in something or someone other than God. All people are people of faith, in this sense, but not all people have faith in the only true God. Thus, the call to saving faith in Christ always involves a call to repent of a misplaced faith. For instance, trusting Christ’s righteousness alone for salvation involves turning from trust in our own righteousness, or turning to God from idols.

A Change of Worldview

Third, the call to faith in Christ requires repentance from a false worldview to the true, biblical worldview. To trust Christ for salvation involves a changed view of God, His universe, and who we are with respect to God. True faith no longer views God as unreal, unimportant, unknowable, or made-up, but as the triune and self-existent creator of all things that He has revealed Himself to be in Scripture. Our view of our self, mankind, and reality changes from uncreated and independent of God to created, dependent, and sustained by God. We trust Christ as the redeemer of condemned sinners before a holy God.

Moreover, our change in worldview involves a new view of knowledge, truth, and authority. The unbelieving worldview sees knowledge as attainable without God and truth as determined by our own interpretation of reality, while the believing worldview accepts our dependence on God as the source of all knowledge and truth. In trusting Christ, our supreme authority shifts from personal opinion to God and Scripture as the ultimate explanation of Himself, His world, sin, judgment, Christ, the Gospel, etc. One cannot trust Christ without trusting God’s revelation of His person and works. We embrace a real and sufficient Savior as revealed to us in the Bible, not a fantasy or abstract idea of our own making.

Also, because saving faith accompanies a change of one’s heart toward God and evil, from a love of darkness to the love of holiness, so it involves a change of our source and standard of morality. Indeed, saving faith comes to Christ in obedience to the exhortations of Scripture, our new rule of life and godliness. And while our practice remains imperfect this side of glory, we repent of the idea that we determine right and wrong and can do what we please. Repentance turns from self to God as our supreme moral authority.

An Enduring Change

Thus, the simple saving faith that unites us to Christ cannot exist without repentance. The heart at war with God will not love and trust Christ until the enmity dissipates and Christ is embraced for the glorious Lord and Savior He is. At the same time, our knowledge remains imperfect and our best works tainted with sin. In fact, as Edwards paraphrased Shepard, “sometimes the change made in a saint, at first, is like a confused chaos; so that the saints know not what to make of it.”1 Nonetheless, the heart must change and the fruit of the transformation emerge, even while our love and gratitude for His grace have barely begun to grasp the height of His excellence. By the promised gift of the Holy Spirit, our new nature will display itself in new affections, a new direction, new priorities, and good works, even if they are not immediately and always visible to others at every moment. The change will be real and enduring. Thus, repentance always accompanies saving faith, even as it contributes nothing to justification according to God’s perfect standard of righteousness, the standard met by Christ—alone. And so, with faith and new hearts of love to Christ, we sing, “In my hand no price I bring, simply to thy cross I cling.”2


1 Jonathan Edwards speaking of an observation by Thomas Shepard in Religious Affections, Banner of Truth, 89; Yale WJE, Vol. 2, 161.

2 From the hymn, Rock of Ages, by Augustus M. Toplady (1740-1778).

Related Topics: Faith, Soteriology (Salvation)

Lesson 12: Working at Love and Loving at Work (1 Thessalonians 4:9-12)

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October 16, 2016

A student once walked into Dr. Howard Hendricks’ office at Dallas Seminary and announced, “Prof, I’m dropping out of school.” “Why is that?” asked Dr. Hendricks. “Because I’m convinced that the Lord is going to return shortly and I want to get involved in a ministry before He comes.” Dr. Hendricks replied, “If there is something that you would be doing differently if you knew that Jesus Christ would return tomorrow, then you’d better be doing it!”

Dr. Hendricks wasn’t suggesting that the student drop out of school and go out preaching on the streets. If he believed that, he wouldn’t have been committed to training men for the ministry at Dallas Seminary. He was saying that we should live every day with an expectancy of the Lord’s near return and yet also live in a normal manner. As Martin Luther is reputed to have said, “If I knew that the Lord was returning tomorrow, I’d plant a tree today.”

Throughout church history, there have been both individuals and groups that have gotten so caught up with prophecy about the Lord’s coming that they have acted strangely. Some have sold everything, quit their jobs, and waited on a hilltop for the Lord’s return at a predicted date. Harold Camping thought that Jesus would return in 1988. Others were sure it would be in 2000.

Apparently some of the Thessalonians had gotten a bit carried away and decided that in light of the Lord’s near return, they should quit their jobs and spend their time proclaiming the end of the world. In the meantime, if they had need of the world’s goods, well, other Christians were commanded to help them! So they were not working and were sponging off the church. This problem was probably only in its earliest stages when Paul wrote 1 Thessalonians, so he just mentions it in passing. But by the time he wrote 2 Thessalonians, the problem had grown, so he deals with it there more extensively (2 Thess. 3:6-15).

In our text, Paul gives some practical instructions about how to live until the Lord returns. He says that …

We should work at loving one another more and be showing God’s love by our behavior at work.

1. We should work at loving one another more.

1 Thess. 4:9-10: “Now as to the love of the brethren, you have no need for anyone to write to you, for you yourselves are taught by God to love one another; for indeed you do practice it toward all the brethren who are in all Macedonia. But we urge you, brethren, to excel still more ….”

Paul began this letter commending the Thessalonians for their “labor of love” (1 Thess. 1:3). But he didn’t want them to rest on their laurels and become complacent about this most important quality. Note three things about loving one another:

A. Love for one another should be the distinguishing mark of the church.

In contrast to lust (4:3-8), Paul now turns to Christian love. Probably their culture, like ours, often confused the two. Sexual lust is never loving. It’s always selfish and harms all tainted by it. But Christians are not to be characterized by the passion of lust, but rather by fervent, pure love for one another. Paul uses the Greek word “philadelphia” (v. 9) which was used in secular writings for affection between natural brothers and sisters in a family. But in the New Testament, it is used of love between the members of the family of God, the church. Paul wasn’t correcting the Thessalonians for a lack of love, but rather encouraging them to keep working at it. Leon Morris (The First and Second Epistles to the Thessalonians [Eerdmans], p. 129) observes,

Something which should give modern Christians much food for thought is the way in which the early church was characterized by love. “Behold how these Christians love one another” is hardly the comment which springs spontaneously to the lips of the detached observer nowadays. But if our manner of life was based on the New Testament picture something like it would be inevitable.

Jesus commanded His disciples to love one another even as He had loved them. Then He added (John 13:35), “By this all men will know that you are My disciples, if you have love for one another.” He also said that love for others is the second greatest commandment, after love for God (Matt. 22:39). Paul said that “love is the fulfillment of the law” (Rom. 13:10). John said (1 John 3:10, 14), “By this the children of God and the children of the devil are obvious: anyone who does not practice righteousness is not of God, nor the one who does not love his brother…. We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brethren. He who does not love abides in death.” So love isn’t optional. Genuine love for one another should be the mark of the church.

B. God is the One who teaches us about loving one another.

Paul says (v. 9), “you have no need for anyone to write to you, for you yourselves are taught by God to love one another.” He has just mentioned that God gives His Holy Spirit to you. In Romans 5:5, he states that “the love of God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.” So when he says that the Thessalonians are taught by God to love one another, he’s probably referring to this work of the Holy Spirit, whom we receive when we trust in Christ. As 1 John 4:7-8 states, “Beloved, let us love one another, for love is from God; and everyone who loves is born of God and knows God. The one who does not love does not know God, for God is love.”

More than anywhere else, we see God’s amazing love demonstrated at the cross (John 3:16): “For God so loved the world, that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him shall not perish, but have eternal life.” Paul writes (Eph. 5:1-2), “Therefore be imitators of God, as beloved children; and walk in love, just as Christ also loved you and gave Himself up for us, an offering and a sacrifice to God as a fragrant aroma.”

Based on these and other verses, I developed this definition: Love is a self-sacrificing, caring commitment that shows itself by seeking the highest good of the one loved. God so loved that He gave. Christ loved us and gave Himself up for us. God’s love involves self-sacrifice. Selfishness is the main hindrance to love. Husbands are exhorted to love their wives even as Christ loved us and gave Himself up for us (Eph. 5:25). It’s easy to grandstand and say, “I’d lay down my life for my wife if someone was attacking her.” But what about sacrificing your time and inconveniencing yourself to serve your wife each day? What about thinking of her needs and her perspective above your own? That’s where biblical love has to show itself. It isn’t just talk; it requires observable action.

Also, love is caring. This is the emotional element of love. It’s not just cold, perfunctory service. The actions of love are done out of a heart that genuinely cares about the other person’s well-being. Love is a caring commitment. With regard to marriage, it’s a lifelong covenant before God to your mate. Although you should feel love towards others, even when the feelings aren’t there you should act in love because you’re committed to them.

And, love seeks the highest good of the one loved, namely, that he or she would come to know Jesus and be conformed to His image. The goal of love, both in the family and in the church, should be to encourage and help the other person to know Christ and to grow in Christ. Our model for love is our Lord and Savior, who gave Himself for us on the cross while we were yet sinners (Rom. 5:8). He teaches us to love by His own example.

C. Love is an action that always requires improvement.

Paul has repeatedly commended their love, but they still needed to excel even more (cf. 1 Thess. 1:3; 3:6, 12; 4:1). Since Christ’s perfect example is our standard (John 13:34), we always have room to grow. We can always love our spouse more, our children more, our family members more, our fellow Christians more, and our neighbors more. This is not automatic; it doesn’t come naturally to any of us. It requires deliberate thought and effort. If you’re not deliberately thinking about and working at loving others more, chances are you’re not improving at this commitment.

One practical way to work on this is to write 1 Corinthians 13:4-8 on an index card and read it over every morning until it governs all of your interactions with people that day. Begin applying it to your immediate family, but extend it to all you have contact with. Ask yourself hard questions about each quality:

“Love is patient.” Would my family or co-workers describe me as a patient person? Do I have a “short fuse”?

“Love is kind.” Am I kind and gracious toward others, especially when they fall short of my expectations?

“Love is not jealous.” Am I competing with others by trying to get the attention, relationships, or possessions which they have?

“Love does not brag and is not arrogant.” Am I self-focused, always trying to impress others with my achievements, my opinions, or my knowledge?

“Love does not act unbecomingly.” Am I rude? Do I often interrupt others? Am I considerate of their feelings and points-of-view?

“Love does not seek its own.” Am I selfish? Do I think about others’ needs ahead of my own?

“Love is not provoked.” Am I easily offended? Do I get angry when people don’t do what I want them to do?

“Love does not take into account a wrong suffered.” Do I keep score? Do I remind others of past sins or failures? Do I hold grudges? Am I quick to forgive?

“Love does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but rejoices in the truth.” Am I glad when others fail or sin, because it makes me look good and I can use it as ammunition against them? Am I truly happy when I hear of others’ victories in the Lord?

“Love bears all things.” Do I bear with people in their immaturity or shortcomings or do I always correct them?

“Love believes all things.” Am I suspicious of others? Do I trust them unless there is good reason not to do so?

“Love hopes all things.” Do I “write people off”? Do I believe that God can work to change the other person?

“Love never fails.” Do I give up on others who have wronged or hurt me? Am I committed to help that person become all that God wants him or her to be?

Even if others who know you would say that you’re doing fairly well at loving others, there’s always room to grow because our standard is none other than the Lord Jesus Christ.

But Paul was concerned not only for love in our homes and in the church, but also that God’s love would be seen in the workplace. The connection between verses 9-10 & 11-12 is not immediately obvious. But Paul seems to be showing how we should demonstrate God’s love (vv. 9-10) in the workplace (vv. 11-12).

2. We should be showing God’s love by our behavior at work.

1 Thess. 4:11-12: “and to make it your ambition to lead a quiet life and attend to your own business and work with your hands, just as we commanded you, so that you will behave properly toward outsiders and not be in any need.” Note four things:

A. Showing God’s love at work requires goal-oriented behavior, not mindless drifting with the culture.

What is your goal at work? You say, “To provide for my family’s needs.” That’s a worthy goal, since Paul says that if you don’t provide for your family, have denied the faith and are worse than an unbeliever (1 Tim. 5:8)! That’s a serious warning! But if your only goal is to provide for your family, how do you differ from the world? That’s why almost everyone works. They’re trying to provide enough for their family’s needs and wants.

Paul says, “make it your ambition.” That phrase implies a goal and some effort toward that goal. The goal isn’t to climb the ladder to success or make a pile of money or beat your competitors. The goal is to be a godly witness to those without Christ. In LifeWork ([YWAM Publishing], p. xxi), Darrow Miller writes,

As the so-called developed world enters the twenty-first century, too often we Westerners find that the secular worldview has reduced work to a career and life to an endless consuming of things. As a result we live without hope and purpose, and both our work and life itself carry little if any meaning…. When we see our worth as determined by the marketplace and the amount of money we make, we often sacrifice what matters most—family, friends, marriages, Christian fellowship—in pursuit of success, prestige, fame, power, and other goals prized by the world.

So the point of “make it your ambition” is that you need to think biblically about your goals at work. Your aim should not be to become rich or successful. Rather, it should be to display the love of our Savior to those who wrongly think that making a lot of money or becoming successful at work will bring lasting happiness.

B.The means for showing God’s love at work is to lead a quiet life and to attend to your own business.

What does Paul mean by “lead a quiet life”? He uses a similar phrase in 1 Timothy 2:2, where he says that we should pray “for kings and all who are in authority, so that we may lead a tranquil and quiet life in all godliness and dignity.” Peter mentions a similar quality when he enjoins wives with unbelieving husbands to win them without a word, specifically “with the imperishable quality of a gentle and quiet spirit” (1 Pet. 3:1-6). In both contexts, the goal is godly witness, not through preaching, but through behavior that demonstrates contentment and peace in Christ. Because we are content with food and covering and don’t seek to get rich (1 Tim. 6:9-9), we can exude the quiet contentment that stands in contrast to the self-seeking, money-oriented values of the world.

“To attend to your own business” means that we should not be busybodies or gossips, meddling in matters that are none of our business (2 Thess. 3:11-12). He does not mean that we should not care about others’ problems, but rather that we should be known as those who can be trusted with confidential information without blabbing it all over the workplace. Both phrases imply that a Christian’s witness at work should primarily be through godly behavior, not through preaching.

C. The motivation for showing God’s love at work is to see the God-given dignity of work that is done for His glory.

The Greek culture in Paul’s day looked down on manual labor, which they viewed as fit only for slaves. But the Bible consistently upholds the dignity of all work. God gave Adam and Eve manual labor in the garden before the fall. Godly men in the Old Testament worked as farmers or shepherds. Paul made tents. He told slaves that they could do their menial work as unto the Lord (Col. 3:22-24). And, our Savior was a carpenter. When Paul says to work with your hands, he’s not prohibiting an office or professional job, but he is elevating manual labor as a dignified endeavor.

Some Christians erroneously view work as a curse. But God didn’t curse Adam’s work after the fall, but rather the ground that he tilled (Miller, p. 107). Work is now more difficult, but it does not lack dignity if we do it as unto the Lord. While some jobs may not be as satisfying as other jobs, we need to see work itself as being our calling from God. If you view work as a curse, you’ll try to avoid work and you won’t do your best on the job. You’ll only do the minimum required. But that hinders witness. Paul’s concern is that every Christian, including slaves, would (Col. 3:23) “do your work heartily, as for the Lord rather than for men.” Why?

D. The aim for showing God’s love at work is to be a witness to outsiders and to provide for our own needs.

“To walk properly toward outsiders” means that our witness to unbelievers by our behavior on the job should always be uppermost in our minds. You should not spend company time in verbal witness, which would not please your employer. Except for a brief word here and there that doesn’t interfere with work, reserve that for after hours. Your employer didn’t hire you to evangelize your fellow employees on the job! Your witness on the job should primarily be by your contentment and peace in Christ and your personal integrity. Other workers should see that you aren’t greedily trying to take advantage of others. They should see your moral purity, concern for others, honesty, and work ethic.

“To not be in any need” means that we should be responsible managers of our income: paying our bills, living within our means, being generous and ready to share, and not mooching off the government or anyone else because we’re lazy or trying to take advantage of the system. Christians should not be a burden to others, but rather be able to help provide for those with true needs (the disabled, etc.; Eph. 4:28). Your fellow workers should be able to see that you live simply and generously as a Christian. You’re not acting in love when you expect financial favors from other believers simply because they’re your brothers in Christ.

Conclusion

Thus Paul is saying that we are to work diligently at loving one another and we are to act in ways that show God’s love at work. The Russian author, Leo Tolstoy (Twenty-Three Tales [Oxford University Press], “Where Love is, God is,” pp. 131-146) tells a story about a lonely, old Russian cobbler who was reading in Luke 7 about the Pharisee who did not welcome Jesus to his home. He thought, “If He came to me, would I welcome Him?” Pondering this, he fell asleep. Suddenly, the old man heard a voice calling his name: “Martin, Martin, look out in the street tomorrow for I shall come.”

The next day, he kept watch out of his window as he worked. He saw an old man that he knew, invited him in by his fire, and gave him some tea. He told the man about Christ’s mercy as he had been reading in the gospels. The old man listened with tears running down his cheeks and left thanking him for his hospitality.

A while later, Martin saw outside a woman dressed in shabby summer clothes, trying to keep her crying baby warm. He invited her in to sit by his fire. She was destitute and had pawned her shawl the day before to get something to eat. He fed her, gave her an old coat to wrap around her baby, and gave her the money to get her shawl out of pawn. Later he helped reconcile a poor woman and a boy who stole an apple from her. So the day passed, but there had been no appearance of Christ.

It was evening now. Martin lit his lamp, and opened his Bible. He had intended to read where he had left off the night before, but the Bible fell open to another place. Before he read, he heard a voice call out, “Martin, it is I.” He looked up and saw the old man he had helped, and then he vanished. This was repeated with the woman and her baby, and with the woman and boy he had served that day. Then he read, “I was an hungered, and ye gave Me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave drink: I was a stranger, and ye took Me in.” At the bottom of the page, he read, “Inasmuch as ye did it unto one of these my brethren, even these least, ye did it unto me” (Matt. 25). Tolstoy concludes, “And Martin understood that his dream had come true; and that the Savior had really come to him that day, and he had welcomed him.”

That poor cobbler was demonstrating God’s love in his workplace. Paul wants us to be working at love for others and to be showing God’s love at work.

Application Questions

  1. Some would say that if love requires effort and is not spontaneous, it is not genuine. Why is this false?
  2. What’s the difference between loving a fellow Christian and liking him (or her)? Are we obligated to like others?
  3. Is it wrong for a Christian to have “getting rich” as part of a career goal? Consider 1 Tim. 6:6-11 in your answer.
  4. Are “full-time ministry” jobs a notch above “secular” jobs in God’s kingdom? Why/why not?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2016, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Love

Lesson 13: God’s Prophetic Plan (Various Scriptures)

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October 23, 2016

This message will probably sound more like a Bible college classroom lecture than a sermon. But before we plunge into Paul’s treatment of biblical prophecy (1 Thess. 4 & 5; 2 Thess. 1 & 2), it’s important for you to understand an overview of various approaches to biblical prophecy. For some, this may be a boring review (my apologies!). But I hope for others it will help you understand some of the issues involved.

It has always troubled me that if I were to announce a mid-week series on prayer, few would show up, but if it was on prophecy, the place would be packed. It has also bothered me that much of the hype connected with prophecy is based on speculation about the future without application to the present. People are fascinated to know whether some famous world leader’s name transliterated into Hebrew or Greek adds up to 666 or whether the European Union is the 10-horned beast of Daniel 7, but knowing that doesn’t help them grow in godliness or love.

Also, many evangelicals think that all Bible-believing Christians believe in the pretribulation rapture of the church, as popularized by Hal Lindsey’s The Late Great Planet Earth and Tim LaHaye and Jerry Jenkins’ Left Behind books. I was taught that view in seminary. Some of my professors believed that all other views border on liberalism. When I graduated from seminary 40 years ago, I agreed with that view.

But the more I’ve studied biblical prophecy, the less certain I’ve become that that is what the Bible teaches. I’d like for it to be true, because who wants to go through the tribulation? And I don’t have a system worked out so that I can explain all the prophetic passages. I’ve read many commentaries and books on prophecy, but I still don’t understand the Book of Revelation well enough to teach it. So I continue to read and study, but don’t expect a series on Revelation any time soon! But we’re coming to several sections dealing with prophecy, so I’ll try to explain them as best as I know how at this point in my understanding.

In this message, though, I want to provide a survey of the major views of biblical prophecy among Bible-believing Christians and explain some of the pros and cons of each view. To sum up:

All true Christians agree that Jesus Christ will come back bodily in power and glory, but there are some major differences about the details.

Let me begin by saying that as long as a person believes that Jesus Christ will come back bodily in power and glory, we should not make agreement on our particular view of prophecy a test for fellowship. Godly men and women differ on these matters, but each view has biblical support; if it didn’t, all who believe the Bible would be in the same camp. So while it’s fine to debate prophetic views in a friendly way, we should not attack those who differ with us as if they were enemies of the gospel.

1. All true Christians agree that Jesus Christ will come back bodily in power and glory.

All of the major approaches to biblical prophecy agree on this truth: Jesus will return bodily and when He comes, He will come in great power and glory to reign. At His trial Jesus told the Sanhedrin (Matt. 26:64), “I tell you, hereafter you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of Power, and coming on the clouds of heaven.” He was referring to Daniel 7:14, which predicts that Messiah’s kingdom will be everlasting. The angel told the disciples as they watched Jesus ascend into heaven after His resurrection (Acts 1:11), “This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.” He ascended bodily; He will return bodily. However Christians understand the details of prophecy, all agree that Jesus is coming back bodily to reign. To deny that is heresy.

2. True Christians disagree regarding the specifics of biblical prophecy.

There are three main views regarding the Lord’s coming:

A. Postmillennialists believe that Jesus will return after a time of widespread acceptance of the gospel.

According to this view, the gospel in this church age will grow like the mustard seed until it becomes a large tree. Or, it will spread like leaven in bread dough, until it permeates the whole earth, so that the world is largely Christianized. This millennial age in which God’s kingdom will come to earth will last for a long period of time (not necessarily 1,000 literal years). At the end of this time, Christ will return to resurrect the dead for judgment and usher in the new heavens and new earth (cf. Lorraine Boettner, The Meaning of the Millennium [IVP], ed. by Robert Clouse, pp. 117ff.).

The millennium envisioned by postmillennialists is very different than that expected by premillennialists (ibid. pp. 120-121). The conditions on earth will not be substantially changed, except as a majority of believers may bring about a culture of righteousness. Jesus won’t be bodily reigning in Jerusalem on the throne of David, since He doesn’t return until the end of the millennium. People will still be in their normal bodies, since the resurrection of the living and dead happens at the return of Christ. There will not be a final rebellion against Christ, as premillennialists believe. The millennium will be a time much like today, except that the gospel will spread widely throughout the world.

Some of those from the past who have held to postmillennialism are Reformers Martin Bucer and Theodore Beza, many of the Puritans, including Matthew Henry, the Wesley brothers, Jonathan Edwards, William Carey, Charles Hodge, and Augustus Strong. In our day, Kenneth Gentry (in Three Views on the Millennium and Beyond [Zondervan], ed. by Darrell Bock, who supplies the list above, plus many others), and Douglas Wilson (desiringgod.org/messages/an-evening-of-eschatology), among others, contend for this view.

Postmillennialism rests on God’s purpose of being glorified in His creation. It believes in His sovereign power to accomplish His purpose and that He has equipped His church with the necessary gifts and power to accomplish that purpose (Gentry, ibid., develops these points). It has a strong hope in the power of the gospel to spread and transform lives. It encourages evangelism with the hope that God will bless the gospel with widespread conversions. And it is supported by many Scriptures in both the Old and New Testaments that predict the ultimate triumph of Christ (Gentry, pp. 31-55). Also, one modern form of postmillennialism (advocated by Gentry and the late Greg Bahnsen) is called theonomy, Reconstructionism, or dominion theology, which holds that God’s Old Testament civil laws are binding on governments today.

Against postmillennialism is the picture of the end times in the New Testament, when godlessness and the persecution of the godly increase, not decrease. Also, current world conditions do not reflect any sort of increasing righteousness, but rather increasing rebellion against God. Against theonomy is the New Testament teaching that we are not under the Mosaic Law. And the Scriptures used to support postmillennialism can easily fit into other approaches to prophecy.

B. Amillennialists believe that there is no future earthly millennium, but that Jesus is now reigning spiritually over His kingdom.

Amillennialism was the predominant view of the church from the time of Augustine (early 5th century) until the Reformation. Today, many godly Reformed theologians and pastors hold this view, although some object to the label. They believe that the “thousand years” (Rev. 20:4) refers to the current church age when Satan’s influence over the nations has been bound (Rev. 20:1-3; Matt. 12:29; Col. 2:15) so that the gospel may spread to every nation. Christ’s kingdom began when He was on earth (Matt. 12:28). He is now reigning from heaven over His church, but there is a future fulfillment of His kingdom in the new heavens and new earth.

There will not be a literal future seven-year worldwide tribulation. Some amillennialists say that at the end of this age, Satan will be released for a time, leading to the deception of the nations, Armageddon, and the physical return of Christ. This will be followed by the resurrection of both the righteous and the wicked for judgment, and then the new heavens and new earth.

Amillennialists argue that because the Jews rejected their Messiah, the kingdom was taken away from them and given to a believing “nation,” the church (Matt. 21:43; 1 Pet. 2:9). Christ is the true Israel (Isa. 42:1-7), the true temple where God dwells with His people (John 2:19-21). Believers in Him are the true seed of Abraham (Gal. 3:7), who saw in God’s promises of the land the heavenly city, whose architect and builder is God (Heb. 11:10-16). The promise of the land for God’s people will be fulfilled in the new heavens and earth that follows Christ’s return. Some amillennialists (e.g. Martyn Lloyd Jones) believe that Romans 11 teaches that there will still be a widespread conversion of the Jews before Jesus returns. But there are not two separate prophetic programs, one for the Jews and another for the church.

In favor of amillennialism is the fact that it is fairly simple. Amillennialists argue that they interpret Old Testament prophecies in line with the way that the New Testament interprets them, which often includes a spiritual fulfillment in Christ (e.g. Acts 2:17-21; 13:32-35; 15:16-18; Gal. 4:21-31; Heb. 4:1-11; 1 Pet. 2:9-10). Also, Revelation 20 is the only passage which mentions a thousand year reign of Christ and that number, like most numbers in Revelation, should be interpreted symbolically.

The main reason that I reject amillennialism is that I cannot swallow their interpretation of the binding of Satan (Rev. 20:1-3). They argue that it is limited to his ability to deceive the nations, but the picture in Revelation is much more extensive than that. He is thrown into the abyss and the door is shut and sealed over him. That sounds like complete restriction, which doesn’t describe the present age! Even if you limit it to being bound from deceiving the nations, it seems to me that he has deceived most nations (“people groups”) for these past 2,000 years. Many are still in complete spiritual darkness (2 Cor. 4:4; 1 John 5:19).

Also, several passages in the Old Testament seem to describe a future period of glory that is greater than the present age, but not descriptive of the eternal state (Wayne Grudem, Systematic Theology [Zondervan], p. 1117). For example, Isaiah 65:20 describes a time when infants will not die, those who die in youth will be 100, and those who don’t live to 100 will be thought to be accursed. That is certainly not true now and it won’t be true in the new heavens and earth, when there is no death. It would seemingly refer to the millennium (also, cf. Ps. 72:8-14; Isa. 11:2-9; Zech. 14:6-21; Rev. 2:27; 12:5; 19:15; cf. Grudem, pp. 1114-1121 for further arguments against amillennialism). Also, it seems to me that amillennialism goes a bit too far in spiritualizing God’s promises to Israel. That leads us to the third major view:

C. Premillennialists believe that Christ will return and rule on earth for a thousand years prior to the eternal state.

To complicate matters a bit, within premillennialism, there are two major views: pretribulational (or dispensational) premillennialism; and classic or historic premillennialism.

1) Pretribulational (or dispensational) premillennialism teaches that Christ will return secretly for His church before the great tribulation and again at the end of the tribulation to establish His millennial kingdom.

This is the view I was taught in seminary. It’s probably the most popular view among American evangelicals. Some dispensationalists argue that this view has been around for centuries, but most scholars agree that it was developed and popularized by the 19th century Plymouth Brethren leader, John Nelson Darby. It rests largely on two pillars: a sharp distinction between Israel and the church; and, a literal hermeneutic in prophetic interpretation.

The church will be removed through the secret rapture, followed by seven years that complete Daniel’s 70th “week” for Israel. During this time, many Jews will be saved, and many will be martyred by those loyal to the Antichrist, who will come to power and rule a one-world government. At the climax of the tribulation, just as the forces of the Antichrist are ready to annihilate Israel, Jesus will return, slay all of His enemies, and establish His millennial reign in Jerusalem. During this time, Satan will be bound and Christ will rule the nations with a rod of iron. Many will be saved, but there will still be some who will resist His rule.

At the end of this period, Satan will be released and lead a final rebellion. Fire will come down from heaven and destroy all the rebels. Satan will be thrown into the lake of fire. The dead will be raised for judgment and thrown into the lake of fire, which is the second death (see Rev. 20:1-15).

There are also a few variations among dispensational premillennialists. A few argue for a partial rapture before the tribulation, where the watchful or overcomers will be taken to heaven, but the rest of the church will be purified through the tribulation. Watchman Nee taught this view. Others hold to a mid-tribulation rapture or a pre-wrath rapture that removes the entire church just before the worst judgments of the tribulation begin.

The main reason I no longer hold to the pretribulation rapture of the church is that I don’t see two separate returns of Christ clearly taught in Scripture. I heard Dr. Richard Mayhue of The Master’s Seminary, who holds to this view, say that it must be inferred. Several verses and arguments lead to this inference:

First, Christ’s promise to the church in Philadelphia (Rev. 3:10) is to keep them from the hour of testing that is about to come upon the whole world. This is interpreted to apply to the church at the end of this age. Second, the purpose of the tribulation is for the pouring out of God’s wrath (Rev. 6:17), but the church is not destined for wrath, but for salvation (1 Thess. 1:10; 5:9). Third, it is argued that if Christ is not returning until the end of the tribulation, then His coming could not be imminent. (Dr. J. Dwight Pentecost, Things to Come [Zondervan], pp. 193-218, lists 28 arguments for the pretribulation rapture, but we don’t have time to go through all of these.)

I reject the argument about being spared from God’s wrath because throughout history, God has not protected His church from horrible tribulation. In our day, Christians are being persecuted and annihilated in many Muslim countries. The wrath from which we are to be spared is not temporal persecution, but the eternal wrath of God in the lake of fire. With regard to the argument about imminence, dispensational premillennialists agree that Christ’s Olivet Discourse (Matt. 24 & 25; Mark 13) refers to His second coming, not to the pretribulation rapture of the church. But Jesus clearly teaches that no one knows the day or hour of His coming and He warns His disciples to be on the alert (Matt. 24:36-44). He says (Matt. 24:44), “For this reason you also must be ready; for the Son of Man is coming at an hour when you do not think He will.” So even though His second coming follows the events of the tribulation (described in Matt. 24:4-28), the Lord pictures it as imminent and urges us to be alertly watching for it.

Also, there are predicted events that must transpire before the church could be removed from the earth. The disciples had to bear witness in Jerusalem, Judea, Samaria, and to the ends of the earth (Acts 1:8), which would have taken many years (in fact, it still has not been fulfilled). Jesus said that the end would not come until the gospel had been preached in the whole world, which is the task of the church (Matt. 24:14). The Lord told Peter that he would live to be an old man (John 21:18). He told Paul that he would live to bear witness in Rome (Acts 23:11). So the idea that we must hold to the pretribulation rapture because any other teaching denies that Christ could return at any moment doesn’t hold up (cf. Moo, pp. 207-211). As I said, I hope that the pretribulation rapture is true, because I don’t want to suffer. But I’m not convinced that the biblical arguments prove it.

2) Posttribulational (or classic) premillennialism teaches that the church will go through the tribulation, followed by the second coming of Christ and His millennial rule.

This is also called historic premillennialism. It was the predominant view of the church for the first three centuries of the church. The late George Ladd (The Blessed Hope [Eerdmans]), Douglas Moo (Three Views on the Rapture [Zondervan]) and Wayne Grudem (Systematic Theology) all defend this view.

As I said, the pretribulation rapture rests on the pillars of a complete distinction between God’s purpose for the church and His purpose for Israel; and, on the literal interpretation of biblical prophecy. With regard to the distinction between Israel and the church, I see some distinctions, but not distinctions that continue throughout eternity. Paul states that in Christ there is no Jew or Gentile (Gal. 3:28; Eph. 2:11-22; Col. 3:11). I find it hard to see in Scripture that the church is merely a parenthesis in God’s program, separate from Israel. Rather, Christ and the church are the culmination of God’s redemptive program. Many dispensationalists say that during the millennium, the Jewish temple will be rebuilt and animal sacrifices will be offered there as a memorial. I find that idea to be in opposition to the Book of Hebrews. Christ is the complete and final sacrifice for our sins. Why go back to offering “memorial” sacrifices when we have Christ’s perfect sacrifice for our sins?

Regarding the literal interpretation of prophecy, there are many places where even dispensationalists interpret the fulfillment of prophecies spiritually (cf. Vern Poythress, Understanding Dispensationalists [P&R Publishing], chapters 8-11). For example, the church is now the temple of God, where He dwells (1 Cor. 3:16-17). We are now “a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession” (1 Pet. 2:9).

When it comes to a “secret rapture” of the church, the text that we will study next time is often used as a main support. But it doesn’t sound very secret: the Lord “will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God” (1 Thess. 4:16). Dr. Grudem states (p. 1134),

The doctrine of a pretribulation rapture is an inference from several passages, all of which are disputed. Moreover, even if one believes this doctrine to be in Scripture, it is taught with such little clarity that it was not discovered until the nineteenth century. This does not make it seem likely.

Conclusion

I don’t expect all of you to agree with me. But as I said, we need to disagree with one another graciously, admitting that there are many godly scholars in each camp. Whatever you believe, here are some concluding applications:

First, no matter what view you take, the Lord Jesus clearly is going to return bodily to execute judgment on unbelievers. This, along with the uncertainty of life, is incentive to believe in Christ without delay. Use this when you witness.

Second, in light of His coming (1 Cor. 15:58), “… be steadfast, immovable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, knowing that your toil is not in vain in the Lord.”

Third, we can have assurance and comfort in the midst of the present world turmoil. God is sovereign and He works all things after the counsel of His will (Eph. 1:11). He sets up rulers and takes them down to accomplish His plans (Prov. 21:1). No evil ruler, including the Antichrist himself, can thwart God’s plan. Therefore (Ps. 2:12), “Do homage to the Son, that He not become angry, and you perish in the way, for His wrath may soon be kindled. How blessed are all who take refuge in Him!”

Finally (1 John 3:3), “Everyone who has this hope fixed on Him purifies himself, just as He is pure.” Make sure that you’re living in holiness in light of Christ’s warnings to be ready when He comes (Mark 13:33-37)!

Application Questions

  1. Which of the three major views is the most convincing to you? Why?
  2. What are some differing practical applications that stem from each view? What dangers may be connected with each view?
  3. When do we cross the line of being too enamored with biblical prophecy? What warning signs should we heed?
  4. To what extent should we try to connect current events with the signs of Christ’s coming? Is this too speculative?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2016, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Prophecy/Revelation

The Rescue - Why Did Jesus Come?

Article contributed by Stand To Reason
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Introduction

In just a few weeks most of us will be hovering over a gastronomical feast preparing to eat much more than we should, appropriately celebrating the generosity of God towards us that is much more than we deserve.

Not long after, we will celebrate the most sublime example of that generosity, the greatest reason for giving such hearty thanks just weeks before—God come down. God getting low. God with us. Emmanuel.

Christmas starts the story of Jesus, the greatest tale ever told. But it is not really a tale at all, because the story is a true one. It is the most important part of the true Story of Reality.

What follows is an excerpt from The Story of Reality—How the World Began, How It Ends, and Everything Important that Happens in Between. In this part of the Story I answer the second of the two most important questions anyone could ever ask about the remarkable man from Nazareth: Why did He come? It is a question there is far too much confusion about, even for those who call the Story their own.

To answer that question I first want to tell what Jesus did not come to do. Then I want to tell you why He did come. It’s captured in the most important Christmas verse in the Bible you will never see printed on a Christmas card and you will never hear recited at a Christmas pageant. It tells of a rescue operation that formally started at Christmas, but ended in a dark event decades later. It tells the reason Jesus was born. It tells the reason God came down.

The Rescue

Now to our second question: What did Jesus come to do? Since there is more debate on this than there ought to be, we must first correct a misunderstanding. Sometimes knowing what Jesus did not come to do is almost as important as knowing what He did come to do, because a wrong understanding of the first can lead to confusion on the second.

So let us be clear. Jesus did not come to help us get along, or teach us to take care of the poor, or to restore “social justice.”1 To some, this assertion is a bold stroke, since they have been told just the opposite. This is because there are many noble people who are drawn to Jesus for His moral excellence (as they should be). However, often their admiration of His civic virtue has distracted them from a more important matter.

Their mistake is thinking that Jesus came principally to teach us how to live a better life. He did not. God had already sent many before with the kind of advice we need to hear, and there was no point in His personally coming down merely to repeat what had already been said. No, Jesus came for a different reason.

What I am going to say next will come as a shock to some, but here it is. You can eliminate every single thing Jesus ever said in His life about the poor and social justice, and still you will not undermine His main message one bit. As severe as that may sound, this is precisely what one of Christ’s closest followers actually did.

The Gospel of John is the last biography written on Jesus, and it came to us from His last surviving Apostle, the “beloved” disciple John, a member of Jesus’ intimate inner circle. Many think it the most elegant summary and most definitive statement of who Jesus was and what He came to do. Yet you can read from John’s first sentence to his last and you will not find a single word about helping the poor or restoring social justice. Not one. In John’s lone reference to the poor, Jesus is actually somewhat dismissive of them.2 That is not because He doesn’t care about them, but because He is comparing their situation with something far more important.

This observation about John’s account in itself seems enough to make the point about Jesus’ focus, but let’s go a bit further. Jesus gave four major discourses—the Sermon on the Mount, the Bread of Life Discourse, the Olivet Discourse, and the Upper Room Discourse.3 Only in the first does He mention the poor at all. Yet even here there are two qualifiers you must keep in mind.

First, in His Sermon on the Mount Jesus commends not the poor per se, but rather the poor in spirit. To them, He says, belongs the Kingdom of Heaven. There is a reason the Kingdom belongs to them—not because they are poverty stricken (their income is irrelevant to Jesus), but because they are morally broken and they know it.4 That is what “poor in spirit” means. Picture the tax collector in Jesus’ parable—hardly a destitute man—beating his breast pleading, “God, have mercy on me, a sinner.”5 This man proclaiming his spiritual poverty goes away justified, Jesus says, while the Pharisee, whose spiritual arrogance clouds his genuine spiritual need, does not.

The second qualifier I want you to keep in mind about Jesus’ comments on the poor is this. In the vast majority of cases where Jesus mentions the poor, He does so not to commend the poor as such, but to make a point about something else—hypocrisy, a widow’s generosity, Zaccheus’s repentance, the rich young ruler’s confusion, or a lesson about the afterlife.6 Even when He mentions them, the plight of the poor simply was not the focus of Jesus’ teaching.

Now, we must not conclude from this that Jesus didn’t care about the poor and so we need not care, either. He cared very much about them, and the Story has much to say about their situation. Do not miss, though, that He also cared about the rich and powerful. Jesus helped everyone and anyone who came to Him—poor beggar or prostitute, wealthy tax collector or Pharisee. The divide for Jesus was not between the poor and the rich, but between the proud and the repentant, regardless of income or social standing. Miss that, and you miss everything.

These are the facts we must face if we are to get Jesus right. “Social justice” is not the Gospel. It was not Jesus’ message. It was not why He came. His real message was much more radical. Jesus’ teaching—and the Story itself—focuses on something else. Not on the works of Christians, but rather on the work of Christ. That is what the Story teaches.

And so our question remains: Why did God come down? What was the reason He became a man? What did He come to earth to do? The Story tells us.

I want you to think for a moment about what the Story says about Christmas. Now when I say “Christmas,” I am not speaking of any of those things that usually come to mind when you think about the birth of Christ. I do not want you to think, for example, about shepherds or wise men or stables or mangers or anything like that. Those things all have their place, but they have nothing at all to do with my point.

I am talking about something in the Story you probably have never noticed. I want you to consider the most important Christmas verse in the Story that you will never see on a Christmas card, and you will never hear in a Christmas pageant because it is not in the accounts of Jesus’ birth at all. In fact, it does not appear anywhere in the record of His life. Instead, you find it in a dark and foreboding passage that speaks of blood and sacrifice and death. It is a section of the Story recounting a ghastly, grisly system of slaughter where bulls and goats were bled out, their innocent lives forfeit on behalf of others who were the guilty ones.

Now, I think it is obvious to just about everyone that animals can never really pay for people at all. The system of sacrifice God gave to the Hebrews, as important as it was, served only as a kind of sop, a temporary measure to cover man’s moral wound for the moment. It would never do in the long run, and it was not meant to. No, man owes the debt, and in the long run man, not creatures, must pay. And only a sinless man—someone with no debt of his own—could cover the debt of another. And only a man who was more than a man could ever pay for the sins of multitudes.

And this brings us to the most important Christmas verse you will never hear on Christmas. Here it is:

Therefore, when Christ came into the world, He said: “Sacrifice and offering You did not desire, but a body You prepared for Me; with burnt offerings and sin offerings You were not pleased. Then I said, ‘Here I am—it is written about Me in the scroll—I have come to do Your will, O God.’” (Heb. 10:5-7 NIV)

Note the opening words of this passage: “When Christ came into the world….” The Story is saying that on that first Christmas, in some incredible way the eternal Son of God in a baby’s body said to His Father, “Here I am. I will do as You have asked. I accept the body You have prepared for Me, the body that will bleed out in perfect payment for sin.”

And this is the answer to our question. This is why Jesus came to earth. God’s Son surrendered His sinless human self to be the future unblemished offering to perfectly and completely save sinners.

And this we do find in the birth narratives, everywhere. God tells Joseph that Mary “will give birth to a son, and you will give Him the name Jesus, because He will save His people from their sins.” In the field that first Christmas night the angel tells the shepherds, “Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you. He is the Messiah, the Lord.” Zacharias prophesies over his son, the infant John Baptist, saying John would go prepare the way for “the Lord,” and “give His people the knowledge of salvation through the forgiveness of their sins.” Thirty years later John points at the Lord Jesus Christ and says, “Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.”7

Each of these events echoes our unsung Christmas verse: “A body You prepared for Me.” The Lord. The Christ. The Savior. Emmanuel. God with us, who would die for us. The Lamb of God.

So, the Story tells us the precise reason the Son came to Earth. Not to teach love and peace and care for the poor, but to submit Himself to something unspeakably violent and brutal. That is why every crèche ought to have a cross hanging over it, because Jesus was born to die. And on this point Jesus speaks clearly:

  • “God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through Him.” (Jn. 3:17 NIV)
  • “The Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost.” (Lk. 19:10 NIV)
  • “I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.” (Lk. 5:32 NIV)
  • “I lay down My life so that I may take it again. No one has taken it away from Me, but I lay it down on My own initiative.” (Jn. 10:17-18 NASB)
  • “The Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many.” (Matt. 20:28 NIV)

I want you to think very carefully about Jesus’ last statement, because there are three questions we must answer to understand His meaning. The first is, “What is a ransom?” Well, a ransom is the price paid to purchase a hostage or a slave, of course. A ransom buys a body. Second, “Whose body does Jesus buy with the ransom?” He buys those who are held hostage. He pays a price to purchase sinners, rebels, and slaves. Finally, “What is the price He will pay?” Jesus will buy bodies by surrendering His own body. “A body You prepared for Me.” He will sacrifice Himself to save others.

So, Jesus came to earth to save sinners. The statement is so common to our ears, it is easy to miss its significance. “Save” means to rescue from imminent danger. Jesus came to rescue us because we were in danger. What was that danger? What was Jesus rescuing us from? Here is the answer. Jesus did not come to rescue us from our ignorance or our poverty or our oppressors or even from ourselves. Jesus came to rescue us from the Father. 8

Remember, the King is angry.9 He is the One who is offended. He is the One who is owed. He is the Sovereign we have rebelled against, the Father we have disobeyed, the friend we have betrayed. And that is a dangerous place for us to be. Jesus said, “Do not fear those who kill the body, but are unable to kill the soul, but rather fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in Hell.” Later in the Story we learn, “It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.”10

That is the bad news. And it is very bad news, to be sure. Yet, without the bad news, the good news is not good. And the good news is very, very good. Here it is: The Father has mounted a rescue operation. There has been an invasion.11 God came down. “A body You prepared for Me.”

Jesus’ life was filled with many extraordinary deeds, so many, one of His disciples wrote, the world itself could not contain the books needed to record them.12 But there are two very particular things Jesus did that were vital to the rescue.

First, Jesus lived the life we should live, but do not. We rebel; He submitted. We sin; He obeyed. We live for self; He lived for the Father. We falter; He succeeded. He had no hint of sin, no darkness, no shadow. As one has put it, “He remained free, uncontaminated, uncompromised.”13 Jesus never failed, obeying even to the death. This no one has ever done. There was no one like Him.

Second, Jesus made a trade. He took His perfect life and He traded it for our rotten lives. He gets our badness—and the judgment and punishment that go with it. We get His goodness. We take His place, and He takes our place.

If that seems hard to imagine (and I understand completely if it does), let me offer something that might help. On a flight from Jacksonville to Miami I spoke with a dear Muslim woman about the differences between the God of Jesus and the God of Mohammed. I said that both were holy and both demanded we be holy, too, and there will be justice to pay because we are not. But on this issue of justice, I said, we come to an important distinction.

I asked the Muslim woman to imagine our plane being hijacked and the terrorists trying to drag her out onto the tarmac to kill her in front of cameras for all the world to see. I then asked her to imagine that I put my own body between hers and the attackers and said, “Don’t take her. Take me instead.” She said she could not imagine anyone doing that for her.

Yet this, I told her, is what God has done in Jesus. To satisfy justice, God came down. Not Allah; Yahweh. Not Mohammed; Jesus. God stepped out of Heaven and dwelt among us—“A body You prepared for Me”—and said to the Father, “Take Me instead.” That was the trade.

The trade took place on a small outcropping of rock outside the walls of ancient Jerusalem. It was called Golgotha, the place of the skull. We know it as Calvary, the place of the cross. It was the reason Jesus was born. It is the reason God came down.

Taken from The Story of Reality by Gregory Koukl. Copyright © 2017 by Gregory Koukl. Used by permission of Zondervan. www.zondervan.com.


1 The term “social justice” is misleading. The poor only need justice if they have been wronged in some way. Otherwise, the Story teaches charity and mercy towards those in need. The view that all poor people are victims is a recent invention. It is not what Jesus taught, and it is not part of the Story.

2 The single reference in John to the poor is found in Jn. 12:8: “You will always have the poor among you, but you will not always have Me.” (NIV)

3 Find the Sermon on the Mount in Matt. 5-7; the Bread of Life Discourse in Jn. 6; the Olivet Discourse in Matt. 24, Lk. 21, Mk. 13; and the Upper Room Discourse Jn. 13-17.

4 Jesus does make reference to the poor in Lk. 4:18-19: “The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He anointed Me to preach the Gospel to the poor. He has sent Me to proclaim release to the captives, and recovery of sight to the blind, to set free those who are oppressed, to proclaim the favorable year of the Lord.” (NASB) Even here, though, it seems clear that, in light of the rest of the verse and everything that follows about Jesus’ teaching on “the Gospel,” He is principally making reference to spiritual benefits, not material benefits.

5 “God, have mercy on me, a sinner” (Lk. 18:9-14 NIV)

6 Hypocrisy (Matt. 6:2-3), a widow’s generosity (Lk. 21:2-3), Zaccheus’s repentance (Lk. 19:8), the rich young ruler’s confusion (Matt. 19:21), a lesson about the afterlife (Lk. 16:20, 22).

7 “And this we do find in the birth narratives….” Matt. 1:21 (NIV), Lk. 2:11 (NIV), Lk. 1:76-77 (NIV), Jn. 1:29 (NASB).

8 Jesus saves us from the Father, but His intention is not at odds with the Father since it was the Father who, out of love, sent Jesus to rescue the world in the first place.

9 The point about the King being angry is developed earlier, in chapter 15 of The Story of Reality.

10 “Do not fear those who kill the body…” (Matt. 10:28 NASB), “It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God” (Heb. 10:31 NASB)

11 The idea that the incarnation is a kind of invasion of enemy-occupied territory comes from C.S Lewis in Mere Christianity.

12 “The world itself could not contain the books…” (Jn. 21:25 NASB)

13 “He remained free, uncontaminated, uncompromised,” John Stott, The Cross Of Christ (Downers Grove: IVP, 1986), 231.

Related Topics: Apologetics, Christmas, Soteriology (Salvation), Thanksgiving

Lesson 14: Hope and Comfort in Christ’s Coming (1 Thessalonians 4:13-18)

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October 30, 2016

We live in a time when many people lack hope. Those who battle depression usually lack hope and depression is one of the most prevalent emotional disorders in our society. Plenty of things fuel a lack of hope: Current world conditions, including the spread of Islamic terrorism; the increase of godlessness all around us; economic worries; disappointments in life; health concerns as we age; the loss of loved ones; and, our own approaching deaths.

But the Bible wants us as believers to stand out as people of hope in this hopeless world. In Romans 5:3-5, Paul explains: “… we also exult in our tribulations, knowing that tribulation brings about perseverance; and perseverance, proven character; and proven character, hope; and hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.” In Romans 15:13, he prays, “Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that you will abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.”

Paul has already (1:3) commended the Thessalonians for their “steadfastness of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ.” He added (1 Thess. 1:10) that he had heard how they were waiting “for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, that is Jesus, who rescues us from the wrath to come.” But when Timothy returned from his visit there, he told Paul that some in the church were grieving because they had expected Christ to return soon, but in the meanwhile, some of their loved ones had died. Did this mean that these loved ones would miss out on Christ’s glorious coming for His church? Would their resurrection be delayed until later? So Paul addresses this concern in our text. He shows us that …

The certainty of Christ’s glorious coming gives us hope and comfort in our grief.

Before we work through these verses, I need to mention that this text, along with John 14:1-3 and 1 Corinthians 15:50-52, forms the biblical basis for the pretribulation rapture of the church (The MacArthur New Testament Commentary: 1 & 2 Thessalonians [Moody Press], p. 124). John MacArthur (pp. 135-137) gives nine reasons why he thinks the rapture of the church will precede the tribulation and second coming. But, he admits (p. 135), “No solitary text of Scripture makes the entire case for the pretribulation Rapture.” In other words, it must be inferred by comparing these three texts with other references to Christ’s second coming.

While I greatly respect MacArthur as a godly man and a solid Bible teacher, as I explained last week, I find it difficult to believe that the Bible does not directly teach a major doctrine, such as a second “Second Coming” of Christ, but rather it must be inferred. I don’t have time to go through MacArthur’s nine reasons. But I think that his reasons for the pretribulation rapture are inferences based on assuming what he’s trying to prove. So at this point, my understanding is in line with historic premillennialism, namely, that Christ will come at the end of the tribulation to take us to be with Him before He establishes His millennial kingdom on earth. In short, our text is not explicitly teaching a pretribulation rapture of the church unless we read it into the text. Rather, it gives us hope and comfort through the promise of Christ’s glorious coming.

One other thing to say in advance is that Paul did not write these things so that we can draw elaborate prophecy charts or to satisfy our curiosity about future world events. Rather, his concern is pastoral: he wants us to experience hope and comfort in the Lord when we lose believing loved ones based upon the certain promise of His coming. Note these three main truths:

1. The promise of Christ’s coming is certain because He was raised from the dead and because we have His direct word on it.

1 Thess. 4:14-15a: “For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus. For this we say to you by the word of the Lord ….”

A. The promise of Christ’s coming is certain because He was raised from the dead.

When Paul states, “For if we believe,” he’s not implying any uncertainty. The Greek text implies, “since we believe” (ESV). Paul uses “Jesus,” the human name of our Lord (only used elsewhere in this letter in 1:10, also in connection with His resurrection), to show that our faith in Christ’s coming is based on the historical facts of His life, death, and resurrection. If Jesus was only a mythical figure, the embellishment of some legendary character who really didn’t do the things reported in the four gospels, then none of the apostles would have suffered and given their lives to proclaim Him as Lord and Savior. Paul’s point is that Jesus’ bodily return is just as certain as His physical death, burial, and resurrection, which are historically validated facts.

It’s interesting that Paul says that Jesus died, but Christians have fallen asleep (1 Thess. 4:13, 14, 15). While other ancient cultures used “sleep” as a euphemism for death, Paul seems deliberate when he contrasts Jesus’ death over against believers’ sleep. Jesus bore the full wrath of God for us, dying in our place (1 Cor. 15:3-4). If our trust is in Him to bear our sins, then physical death becomes not a curse, but more like sleep. This implies several things:

First, it does not imply “soul sleep.” The Seventh Day Adventists and some other groups teach that when we die, our soul sleeps until Christ’s second coming. But Paul said (2 Cor. 5:8) that to be absent from the body is to be at home with the Lord. He said that he wanted to depart and be with Christ (Phil. 1:23). Jesus told the repentant thief on the cross (Luke 23:43), “Truly I say to you, today you shall be with Me in Paradise.” When Stephen was stoned to death, he cried out (Acts 7:59, 60), “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit!” “Having said this, he fell asleep.” And, as Paul goes on to say (1 Thess. 5:10), “whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him.” Soul sleep is not biblical.

Second, sleep as a metaphor for death implies that death is only temporary. You wake up from sleep. Jesus used this term when He said, just prior to raising Lazarus from the dead (John 11:11), “Our friend Lazarus has fallen asleep; but I go, so that I may awaken him out of sleep.” As far as we know, after death our souls will be in a disembodied state with the Lord until He returns. At that point, He will raise our bodies. In Daniel 12:2 the angel reveals to the prophet, “Many of those who sleep in the dust of the ground will awake, these to everlasting life, but the others to disgrace and everlasting contempt.” It doesn’t matter whether our bodies have decayed in the ground, been eaten by vultures, exploded by a bomb, or cremated and the ashes scattered at sea. Death is only temporary for our bodies, which will be raised. But our souls go to be with the Lord the instant we die.

Also, sleep implies relief from our bodily aches and pains and rest from our earthly labors. Heaven is the “Sabbath rest for the people of God” (Heb. 4:9). And, sleep is not harsh or fearful for believers. Paul longed to depart and be with Christ, which he said was much better than this world of suffering (Phil. 1:23).

Paul’s point in our text is that our resurrection depends on Christ’s resurrection. As Jesus told the disciples (John 14:19), “because I live, you will live also.” Or, as Paul also said (1 Cor. 6:14), “Now God has not only raised the Lord, but will also raise us up through His power.” In 1 Thessalonians 4:14, “those who have fallen asleep in Jesus” is literally, “through Jesus.” The meaning seems to be that “just as Jesus’ death was in the hands of God, so is the death of saints in Jesus’ hands, and just as God raised Jesus from the dead, so Jesus will raise believers” (Marshall, cited by G. K. Beale, 1-2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], p. 134). Thus death does not separate us from Him. If we fall asleep through Jesus, just as certainly as He was raised from the dead, we will be raised when He comes.

B. The promise of Christ’s coming is certain because we have His direct word on it.

Paul adds (1 Thess. 4:15a), “For this we say to you by the word of the Lord ….” These words refer to what follows concerning the order of the resurrection when Christ returns. Scholars are divided over whether Paul is referring to Christ’s general teaching regarding His coming, to some saying of Christ that is not recorded in Scripture, to a revelation of a New Testament prophet, or to a direct revelation to Paul. While there are many parallels between Paul’s teaching here and Jesus’ words in the Olivet Discourse (Beale, p. 137), nothing Christ said in the gospels reveals the order of the second coming that Paul here reveals. In 1 Corinthians 15:51, Paul calls these truths “a mystery,” which means something not previously revealed. Thus I think that God revealed these things directly to Paul.

But, however we understand it, Paul is emphasizing that he was not speculating or offering his opinion here. Rather, he is relating to us the direct “word of the Lord.” This makes the promise of His coming and our being raised up with Him certain.

2. Christ’s glorious coming will reunite us with deceased loved ones in Christ, will give us all new resurrection bodies, and will bring us to be with the Lord forever.

1 Thess. 4:15-17: “For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord.”

John Stott (The Message of 1 & 2 Thessalonians [IVP Academic], pp. 102-104) outlines verses 16-17 as: (1) the return; (2) the resurrection; (3) the rapture; (4) the reunion. I’ll follow his outline:

A. The return: Lord’s return will be in power and great glory.

There will be a shout, the voice of the archangel, and the trumpet of God. Leon Morris observes (The First and Second Epistles to the Thessalonians [Eerdmans], p. 145),

It is very hard to fit this into a secret rapture…. It may be that from this he intends us to understand that the rapture will take place secretly, and that no one except the saints themselves will know what is going on. But one would hardly gather this from his words. It is difficult to see how he could more plainly describe something that is open and public.

These verses parallel John’s description of the second coming (Rev. 1:7), “Behold, He is coming with the clouds, and every eye will see Him, even those who pierced Him; and all the tribes of the earth will mourn over Him.” That’s a reference to Daniel 7:13-14, where the prophet sees one “like a Son of Man” coming with the clouds of heaven, and to Zechariah 12:10, where Israel will look on the Messiah whom they pierced and mourn.

F. F. Bruce (Word Biblical Commentary, 1 & 2 Thessalonians [Thomas Nelson], p. 104) notes that the Lord’s coming here “is described in terms associated with manifestations of the divine glory in the OT.” Clouds are a regular feature of biblical theophanies (appearances of the Lord; Bruce, 102; Stott, 104). There are supernatural phenomena here, because if Jesus appeared locally in the clouds over Jerusalem, He could only be seen in that vicinity. But this is a worldwide appearance in the sky, where every eye sees Him in His power and glory. The shout is probably a loud command from Christ, the commander of the heavenly host. The voice of the archangel may relay Christ’s command to the troops. The trumpet blast arouses the dead. It will be a truly awesome spectacle!

B. The resurrection: First, our deceased loved ones in Christ and then we will receive new resurrection bodies.

The spirits of departed saints are with the Lord now. He will bring them with Him when He returns, join their spirits to their resurrected bodies, and we will receive our resurrection bodies as we meet them in the air. This is the first resurrection; the unbelieving dead come to life at the end of the millennium (Rev. 20:5).

Paul does not say here whether Old Testament saints will return with Christ and receive their resurrection bodies at this time, since he only mentions “the dead in Christ.” Those who hold to a pretribulation rapture believe that OT saints are not raised until Christ’s second coming at the end of the tribulation. But Paul is speaking here to new believers, assuring them that their departed loved ones who had believed in Christ would be resurrected before those who are living when Christ returns. So I don’t think that he was necessarily excluding OT saints when he says, “in Christ.” Against the pretribulation view is the implication (Rev. 20:4-5 & 1 Cor. 15:23) that there are two, not three, resurrections: the righteous when Christ returns and the ungodly at the end of the millennium. Amillennialists argue that Jesus (John 5:28-29) spoke of a single resurrection of all the righteous and wicked at His second coming. But Revelation 20:4-5 mentions two separate resurrections. Whatever view you hold, the certain point that all agree on is that both deceased and living saints will receive new, eternal resurrection bodies, not subject to disease or death, when Jesus returns.

C. The rapture: We who are living will be caught up to meet the Lord and deceased saints in the clouds.

The word translated “caught up” means to snatch or seize by force. In Acts 8:39, it refers to the Spirit snatching Philip away from the Ethiopian eunuch after he led him to Christ. Paul uses the word to describe his experience of being caught up into the third heaven (2 Cor. 12:2, 4). Many commentators point out that meeting the Lord in the air and returning with Him and all the saints to earth parallels the Hellenistic custom of going out to meet a visiting dignitary and escorting him back to the city. In Jesus’ parable about His second coming (Matt. 25:6), the bridal party goes out to meet the groom to escort him back to the banqueting hall. In Acts 28:15, Christians from Rome went out to meet Paul and escort him and his party back to the city.

When Paul includes himself and some of the Thessalonians among those who will be alive at Christ’s coming, he was not mistakenly asserting that they all would be alive at the second coming. He hoped that he would be alive, but he didn’t know for sure. Later (1 Thess. 5:10), Paul says that he and his readers could be either alive or dead when Christ returns. Years later, he indicated that he expected to die before the rapture (2 Tim. 4:6).

MacArthur (pp. 135-136) and other pretribulation rapture proponents argue that if the rapture is after the tribulation, there is no purpose for believers to be taken up to heaven, only to return immediately to earth. Rather, they say, Christ takes us to heaven to deliver us from the impending tribulation. But that’s an inference based on their presupposition. The Bible doesn’t need to give us a reason why we are caught up to meet the Lord in the air. It may be that by so doing, we share in His glory when He returns in front of the unbelieving world. And, it may be that since the air was often thought of as the abode of demons (Eph. 2:2), the Lord’s meeting His saints in the air shows something of His power over those evil powers (Morris, p. 146).

D. The reunion: We will be reunited with departed believing loved ones and we all will be forever with the Lord.

It will be wonderful to be reunited with all of our loved ones who have died in Christ and to be with all of the saints from the past. But the best part of Christ’s return is that we will always be with the Lord! He is with us now spiritually (Matt. 28:20), but then we shall see Him face to face (1 Cor. 13:12). Now, we fluctuate in our sense of His presence with us, but then we shall always and forever be aware of His glorious presence. As Jesus prayed (John 17:24), “Father, I desire that they also, whom You have given Me, be with Me where I am, so that they may see My glory which You have given Me, for You loved Me before the foundation of the world.”

Even the apostle John, who knew Jesus intimately when He was on earth and who saw the amazing visions of the Revelation, did not know exactly what we will be like in heaven. He wrote (1 John 3:2), “Beloved, now we are children of God, and it has not appeared as yet what we will be. We know that when He appears, we will be like Him, because we will see Him just as He is.” The instant we see Jesus in His glory, we will be forever transformed into His likeness, free from all sin, sickness, and death. All of our loved ones in Christ will also be transformed. Any conflicts or bad experiences that we had with them on earth will either be forgotten or shrugged off as being of no consequence in light of the surpassing glory of being with Christ and being like Him. But all of this is not for speculation. Rather,

3. The practical value of Christ’s coming is hope and comfort now in times of grief.

Paul begins and ends with practical application (1 Thess. 4:13, 18): “But we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope…. Therefore comfort one another with these words.”

When Paul says, “we do not want you to be uninformed,” and he concludes, “comfort one another with these words,” he is saying that there is practical benefit in knowing biblical truth. As I said, Christ’s coming is not so that we can fill out prophecy charts, but rather so that we have real hope and comfort in the midst of life’s trials and losses.

I’ve been around Christians who suppress all tears when a loved one dies. They smile and try to turn a funeral into a celebration. But the Bible does not forbid all grief when we lose loved ones. Jesus wept at Lazarus’ tomb, even though He knew that He would shortly raise him from the dead. Paul tells us (Rom. 12:15) to “weep with those who weep.” Grieving is normal, but we are not to grieve as those in the world who have no hope in Christ.

Some may wonder, “But what if my loved one didn’t know Christ? How can I have any hope and not grieve if I know that my loved ones are in hell?” That’s hard, but we have to trust that the Lord will judge everyone fairly and justly. All of His judgments are righteous and true. Each person will get exactly what he or she deserves. Also, there are gradations of punishment in hell appropriate to the degree of light which the person rejected. And the Lord knows how people would have responded if they had been given more light (Matt. 11:20-24)! To the degree that we see Christ’s glory now our grief over the thought of unbelieving loved ones being in hell will be alleviated. That grief will vanish when we get the full view of His glory when He comes.

Conclusion

Often at the time of a loved one’s death unbelievers will say, “He’s in a better place now.” Or, “We’ll see him again in heaven.” But outside of Christ, such hope in the face of death is only wishful thinking. It has no foundation on the truth. But if Jesus died for our sins and was raised from the dead and is coming again to raise dead saints and transform living saints, we can have certain hope and comfort in Him in our grief.

Application Questions

  1. How can we know if our grief over the loss of loved ones is normal or like that of those who have no hope?
  2. What are some different practical ramifications for how we live now if the rapture is before or after the tribulation?
  3. How would you answer a skeptic who said, “Jesus hasn’t come back in 2,000 years; He’s not coming”? See 2 Pet. 3:3-10.
  4. Practically, how can we grow in the hope of His coming so that it affects our daily lives?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2016, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Christian Life, Comfort, Eschatology (Things to Come), Prophecy/Revelation

6. God’s Comfort: It is Well With My Soul

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Editor’s Note: This is a lightly edited transcription of the audio message. Thanks goes to Marilyn Fine for the transcription work.

We just have two more weeks of this series, and I hope that this series has been as much a blessing to you as it has to me. I have been so blessed in studying these songs, the stories of the writers, and all of the circumstances around each song. Today, we come to one of the all-time favorite great hymns of the faith. Today, we will be talking about the song, “It is Well With My Soul.”

Now, we know that this song is about peace. There is probably no other song that has been sung as frequently as this song at funerals, at times of bereavement, or at other times of grief. This is an all-time favorite. I think the reason why so many people choose to sing this song or have it sung, in times of turmoil, is that it so eloquently expresses the feelings and the faith of a Christian. That is one of the things about poetry, about hymns, about the Book of Psalms–they so eloquently express how the writer feels and we take those words and we say, you know, “that is exactly how I feel. I just did not know how to say it that way.” Have you ever read anything like that? “That is how I feel. They just put into words exactly what I have been feeling.” I think that is why this song is so loved.

Now, the song begins “when peace like a river.” Even though peace is not mentioned that much more in the song, it is really a song about having peace within your soul. I want to talk about that for a minute before we get into this in a little more detail. I am sure most of you are familiar with the biblical meaning of the word, the Hebrew word for peace. It is “shalom.”

I am taking Hebrew this semester. It is about to kill me. I had this as a vocabulary word last week and I know this word. It is the only one I know of about 5,000 words that we have to learn. Of course, I was especially interested in looking up the definition and looking at all the various meanings. You may be familiar with the word, shalom. It is not just peace. It also brings a strong, strong connection with wholeness or wellness. It can also mean help. You probably know that to those who speak Hebrew, “shalom,” is their greeting. It is what they say when they see each other. It is what they say when they say goodbye to each other. It is shalom. It means I wish for you or I pray for you peace. Not only peace such as a quiet spirit or happiness or things going well in your life, but a sense of wholeness that everything is in order in your life, that everything is as God intended it to be. So, there is really a much deeper meaning to the word “peace” as it is used in the scripture.

Now, we know that in the Fruit of the Spirit peace appears. Dr. Brunson just preached recently a series on the Fruit of the Spirit. His message on peace was one of the best things I ever heard. I say that about all his sermons. It was so good. It is a great series if you are studying this. The Fruit of the Spirit is peace. In Romans 5:1, Paul tells us what we used to be in the past. We were at enmity with God because of our sin. But, when Christ came, then we had peace with God. So, there is peace with God in that sense.

Then there is peace with one another. The Bible talks a lot about relationships. Paul in his letter to the Philippians urged two women to get along with one another. I guess in biblical times sometimes women did not get along. He urged them…how would you like that to be your heritage, your name, in Paul’s letter for the rest of the world to know that you were in an argument with another woman! But, this carries the idea of peace with one another, a peaceful relationship.

I think more than that as we talk about this word today we are looking at it in relation to inner peace, a spirit that is not restless or troubled, but our spirits being at peace with our situations, with our circumstances. That does not necessarily mean that our circumstances have changed to give us peace. It means that we have become at peace with our circumstances and this is a much deeper meaning than we might ordinarily associate peace of mind with.

Now, you are probably very familiar with the fact that in this day and age, at this very time, the highest selling medication in this country is Prozac or Zoloft or medications that alleviate stress and emotional depression. I have a friend who is a nurse and she was the nurse at a youth camp last summer at a large church in the Metroplex. I saw her afterward and asked how did she make out. She said, well, let me tell you, I was prepared to deal with skinned knees and maybe a broken arm or two and sprained ankles, and that kind of stuff. She said all I did was to dispense medication. These kids are medicated. I literally could not even stop for a coffee break in the morning putting out everybody’s medicine. Much of it was this type medication. That tells us something about our culture, doesn’t it? Even though we have a great deal of affluence and things, we seem to live in a time where stress, emotional turmoil, unhappiness, and especially depression is really prevalent in our culture.

I think I told this story in here before about the time we were in North Carolina in the mountains. We went into a little health food store when I was in my health food stage (which I got out of pretty quickly. Stay in that for very long and you will want to get out of it, too!) So, at this counter they had these little stones and on these flat little stones were painted words like love and joy and peace and things like that. There was a little sign which said $3.95 apiece. I said, “What are these?” She said, “Oh, those, they are like crystals and if you take them and you buy one and you keep it with you all the time, whatever the word you have, that will happen to you.” I said, “Really, I want to talk about this. So, if I buy the stone that says, joy, I am just going to automatically have joy?” She started to get a little antagonistic as she could tell I was kind of making fun of her. I did not mean to, but it just burst out of me. She said, “Yes, that is true.” I said, “Well, is there a money-back guarantee? That is what I want to know.” She said, “No.” Of course, I just let it go, but I did say to her, “Do you sell these?” She said she couldn’t keep them in stock. That, people, is sad. That is sad. Somebody is making a lot of money painting on little rocks.

So, the song, “It Is Well With My Soul,” talks about this kind of peace, a peace of wholeness and wellness that does not come from an outside source, but it comes from faith in Christ. It comes from God’s gift.

Now, I want to tell you the story briefly. I am sure many of you are very familiar with the story of Horatio Spafford who wrote the lyrics to this song. It is a classic story. He was a successful attorney in Chicago in the middle 1800s. He and his wife had four daughters and a four-year-old son who about the time that all of this started taking place was lost to scarlet fever. The little boy died of scarlet fever at age four. Very soon after that, literally just weeks after that, the Great Chicago Fire occurred which consumed virtually the whole city. He lost most of his fortune. Everything was gone. So, he put his efforts into trying to rebuild the city and helping the thousands of homeless people who had nothing.

Well, later on in 1873, he decided his family needed a vacation because of all the stress and all of that. So, they were going to see some friends in Europe. He was detained by business and Spafford’s wife and his daughters went ahead. They were on this luxury liner, the Ville Du Havre, and you may know the story that during the night, off the coast of Ireland, the ship collided with an iron sailing vessel and the ship was sunk. You can only imagine as you read those words in the hymn’s stories. If you saw Titanic, that is what instantly came to my mind of the fear and the panic and the screaming. We can only imagine how it must be to know that your children, in this instance, or other loved ones died in that way. Well, his wife was rescued floating unconscious on a piece of wreckage. All the survivors were taken to Wales. She cabled home to her husband and her cable simply said “saved alone.” Of course, he immediately booked passage to Wales to be with his wife. When he got on the ship, he told the captain that when you come to the place where the Ville Du Havre went down, will you come get me? I need to see that. So, it was on a dark, cold December night, early in the morning, the wee hours of the morning, that the captain knocked on his door and said that he believed they were passing by the place where the ship sank. He walked out to the deck and stood there in the freezing wind, in the darkness with the black inkiness of the sky and the water. He wept in grief over his lost children that went down in that spot. When he went back to his cabin, he could not sleep, of course. But, as he sat, these words began to come to his mind and they began to overflow. He took a pencil and he began to write these words , “When peace like a river attendeth my way, when sorrows like sea billows roll.” He had just been out there looking at the ocean, the giant waves. “When sorrows.” He saw those sea billows as metaphorical and the sorrows that just washed over his soul. Huge immense billows which came and washed over him. “When sorrows like sea billows roll, whatever my lot thou has taught me to say it is well with my soul.” That is usually the end of the story, but the story goes that when he and his wife were reunited, they took stock of their lives and decided what they were going to do with the rest of their life. They decided to go to Jerusalem. They went to Jerusalem and they began a ministry there to orphans. They bought outside of the city walls a home of a sheik that had sold his home. It is now The American Colony Hotel. If you ever go to Jerusalem, you must go there because it is a lovely, lovely home. It is a little hotel now. There are pictures all through it. Pictures taken in Jerusalem in the early 1900s and around Israel. He and his wife gave their lives to ministering to orphans and the homeless and the helpless and the needy in the place where Jesus had lived. That is where they ended up dying. To this day, some of their descendants, the Spafford descendants, continue that ministry and it is located right within the Damascus Gate of the Old City.

So, he left quite a heritage not only in this song, but I think also of proving in the way he lived out the rest of his life after an unspeakable tragedy. The fact that his life could go on and he could still minister and he could still give and he could still have a degree of satisfaction and joy in this life.

[Bible.org Editor’s Note: Unfortunately the picture is not as rosy as it might seem. Before moving to Jerusalem the Spafford’s left their church and created their own sect which resulted in a number of deviant beliefs and practices over the years. Thus Horatio’s life can serve as both an encouragement and a warning.]

Now, we are going to watch this today on video. You cannot have a series on him without the Gaither Homecoming video. I know. So, you are going to sing…this is kind of the all-stars…and you will see famous people like Michael W. Smith and people like that. It opens up Bill Gaither’s interviewing Ruth Graham, Billy Graham’s wife. This is her favorite hymn so she talks about it and then they go into the song so I want you to listen to it.

Bill: Oh, the bliss

Ruth: Of that glorious thought

Bill: My sin, not in part

Ruth: But in whole

Bill: Is nailed to the cross and I bear it no more. Praise the Lord

Ruth: Absolutely

Song playing….

When peace, like a river, attendeth my way,
When sorrows like sea billows roll;
Whatever my lot, Thou has taught me to say,
It is well, it is well, with my soul.

It is well, with my soul,
It is well, with my soul,
It is well, it is well, with my soul.

My sin, oh, the bliss of this glorious thought!
My sin, not in part but the whole,
Is nailed to the cross, and I bear it no more,
Praise the Lord, praise the Lord, O my soul!

It is well, with my soul,
It is well, with my soul,
It is well, it is well, with my soul.

And Lord, haste the day when my faith shall be sight,
The clouds be rolled back as a scroll;
The trump shall resound, and the Lord shall descend,
Even so, it is well with my soul.

It is well, with my soul,
It is well, with my soul,
It is well, it is well, with my soul.

So much goodness! I want you to note the train of thought in the verses of this song. The first verse he talks about when sorrows like sea billows roll. Whatever my lot, God has taught me to say it is well with my soul. When there is personal grief and sorrow so great that I cannot even express it, nevertheless, it is well with my soul. I know that God is in control of my life. I know that God is with me. I know He will give me the grace to go through what I have to do. That is what He talks about in verse 1. I hear people often say, “oh, I could never go through what somebody has had to go through.” You know what. You do not have to. God gives you the grace to go through what you go through and you do not have to have the grace to go through what everybody else does. He gives you the grace to go through what you are going through at that time.

The second verse talks about my sin, oh, the bliss of this glorious thought. My sin, not in part but the whole was nailed to the cross and I bear it no more. Praise the Lord, praise the Lord, oh my soul. What is that? The peace of God. My sin. I do not have to bear the punishment and the judgment of my sin. Remember, we talked about that in here before. When you invite Christ to come into your heart and you give your life to Him, He took your judgment and your punishment in His very body on the cross. That is what we are talking about when we talk about giving your heart and life to Him. You are no longer under that curse of sin. So, what is he talking about here? Horatio Spafford is talking about his being at peace with God. I do not have to bear the guilt. Romans 8:1, “There is no condemnation to those who are in Christ Jesus.” I do not have to bear the condemnation. I do not have to feel guilty. I do not have to bear the punishment because Jesus has taken all of my sin on the cross.

Then, the last verse which is just such…can you sing those words or even read them without getting a lump in your throat? I cannot because I think of how many of God’s children in times of sorrow and grief have clung to these words with everything that is in them. There is a CD that has this that I listen to when I walk. I look up at the sky and I think, “God how many of your children who have had to walk through such horrible, difficult things have looked up at that sky and thought, ‘one of these days the clouds will roll back and the Lord shall descend.’” You know what will happen? He will come and it will be well. See, the contrast in this song is that he is saying my personal grief and sorrow are unbearable, but it is well. I will get through it. God will give me the grace to do it. My eternal security – it is well. The end of time when all of life…when it is all over, it is well. Either way, you see, no matter what, it is well with me. It is well with my soul because he had made peace with God and knew who and what He was doing. You know what? This goes back to the meaning of the word, “peace,” a wholeness. Not just a lack of conflict. When Jesus said, “My peace I give unto you.” He said I do not give you peace like the world gives you. Peace like the world gives is the removal of the bad circumstances, but I give you My peace. “My peace I give to you.”

Now, very quickly, let us talk about a couple of these things. There are many things that disturb our peace – losses, the grief, the sorrow like Horatio Spafford went through and Job went through. I want to say this quickly because I want you to identify with people in the Bible who have had losses and who were in turmoil and disturbed worry. In Matthew 6, Jesus spoke about worry. There is a proverb that says, “Anxiety in the heart of man weighs it down.” I love the way it says that. Is it not just like a weight? Is it not when you are worried it is just a heavy weight on you.

Jesus said, before He was going to the cross, He said, “My spirit is troubled. I am troubled in My spirit and you can sense in Jesus Himself anxiety. These are normal things that trouble us and make us restless.

Disappointments. I was reading the other day the last chapter in Luke where the two people were walking after Jesus had been crucified were walking on the road to Emmaus and Jesus walked with them and they did not know it was Jesus. He said to tell Him what was going on and He tells them about Christ. They said we were so hoping He had been the one. We know the end of that story that He reveals Himself to them, but they did not. I think about that when I read that. “We were so hoping He had been the one.” That is something we had been so hoping in. We just knew it was going to happen and it did not. It did not happen. Your prayers were not answered the way you thought. Disappointment. These are things that rob us and destroy our peace.

Let me tell you something. There is a way that we can have God’s peace very quickly. First of all to understand God’s promise. In John 14, and I mentioned this verse before, Jesus said, “Peace I leave with you. My peace I give to you. Do not let your heart be troubled or afraid.” It is a gift from God. This peace that Jesus gives each one of His children is a gift. It is a gift that He gives us. Listen, how could Horatio Spafford bear this? God gave him peace. God gave him peace enough to write this song. God, I think, puts something on this song that makes it so that where it binds itself to your spirit. I mean I think so many people feel that way. I will say there are other hymns I am very much over that I will never need to hear again. This is not one of them. I could hear this 50 times a day and I start to cry every time I hear it. That is the way this kind of song is.

Jesus said, “I give my peace to you.” Well, let us think about Horatio Spafford. He gave him that peace. He wrote this song. He could express it. What else did He give him? He gave him a ministry. He gave him a ministry to people who had no parents, to people who had no children. He gave him a ministry of preaching the gospel and sharing the good news. He gives them still to this day even though he is in heaven he gives him a ministry of ministering to the down and out in Jerusalem. That is a gift from God, part of the peace, the wholeness. His life that was given to serve God.

Another way we can have God’s peace is to be spiritually minded, understanding and seeking to understand spiritual things and to make a choice to do that. In Romans 8:6, Paul said “to be carnally minded is death but to be spiritually minded is life and peace.” As you fill your mind with songs and with the things of God it brings peace to your spirit and to your soul. Then, mostly importantly of all, to know God’s Word. Psalm 119 says, “Great peace have those who love thy law.” Great peace to those…have you ever been at worry or anxious or you are disturbed? What do you do? You go for your Bible, don’t you. Say, Lord, speak to me. Give me some comfort. Show me. Give me something to hang on to. Great peace have those who love thy law. God’s Word brings us comfort and brings us peace at a time when we need it. So, the peace of God is a gift and He gives it to us when we need it and He gives it to us. That does not mean necessarily that all of the bad things go away. It simply means that He gives us the ability to walk through those things and to continue to trust Him. I have looked at people who have gone through very difficult things. Even though they may be angry at God or upset or question or something, it is amazing to me how many people that are truly His still cling on to Him and say somehow I am not going to let go. They walk through that and God gives them an even greater ministry and even greater opportunity for their lives.

Now, a person such as that is Dawn Meade. Dawn is the Director of Women’s Ministry here. Many of you remember it was not that long ago when she was eight months pregnant with her little boy, Chandler. Her husband was on staff here with the prayer ministry. She came home from work one day and found him dead. You may remember how tragic that was and how we prayed for her. Chandler was born a healthy, good looking little energetic boy and if there is one word in watching Dawn walk through all of this, if there is one word I would use to describe her in watching from a distance it would be serenity. She does have the peace of God all over her. So, I want her to come and share for a few minutes about it. It is one thing to talk about it. It is something else to hear from someone who has walked it.

Dawn

Thank you. Thank you, very much. You will have to forgive me because tears come very easy to me. “That’s OK, we can do that here.” I have her permission so…

I told Susie earlier that I felt like I needed to call her yesterday and say “you do not need me to come up here to talk about peace. Not if you would have seen me traveling on an airline this Thanksgiving with a 17-month-old who had a stomach virus and a head cold.” What is it about 17 months old that you have to teach them how to share their toys, but they share freely their germs! So, I spent Thanksgiving myself with a stomach virus. You walk through that and you just have to do some praying: “God, I am clinging on to you because right now I am angry. I am hurt and I just do not understand, but I know that I know that You are in control and I know.”

I have those verses just like many of you do where you hang your hat. “For I know the plans that I have for you, declares the Lord, plans to give you a hope and a future.” We hang our hat on that. I heard a definition, or read a definition in the dictionary one time about peace and it was the absence of conflict. I think Susie alluded to that. That is the world’s definition. That is not God’s definition of peace. If you look through the Word it says we will have trials. We will have tribulations. Being a Christian is not an absence of those things. As a matter of fact, it is almost an invitation for those things because as we walk through those things, we have an opportunity to decrease so that He can increase because there is an outside world watching on asking, “is there something else to this life? Is there something more than this?” Oh, yes, the answer is yes! There is. I think Susie even alluded to the scripture verse. This is Jesus talking in John 14:27. I am leaving you with a gift, peace of mind and heart and the peace I give you is not like the peace the world gives. So, do not be troubled or afraid. The peace that the world has is not what His peace is about. His peace has nothing to do what is going on around here. His peace has to do with what is going on in here.

Since Crawford died on June 10th of 2002, raising as a single parent our son by myself has many of its own challenges. I know many of you are single parents and have walked through that yourself. I remember one night, it was a 3 am feeding, and I was exhausted, just absolutely exhausted. I was still nursing at the time and Chandler had finished nursing and it was that calm in the middle of the night and he was satisfied. In the quiet and the stillness, out of the corner of his eye, he looked up at me and he smiled. Just the sense of that moment of God being near was precious. Then, I sat him up and then he projectile vomited all over me and himself! You know, you just gotta’ fasten your seatbelt sometimes and hold on, but God was there in that part of it. He did not leave just because the moment changed or the moment got a little more hard or difficult. His presence was still there.

One of the verses that God gave me to know my salvation was 1 John 5:13. “These things I have written so that you may know that you have eternal life.” Hang your hat on it, ladies, because you can know that He is in control. You can know that He is sovereign. Let me tell you about one of the things God has led us through. Chandler is 17-and-a-half months old now and a very beautiful, vivacious and very active and investigative little boy— as many of you who have some 17 month olds know. The thing for me that is difficult is at the same time that I say 17-and-a-half months I also know it has been 17-and-a-half months since I lost my husband. So there is a precious, bitter-sweetness when I say the age of my son because it is also a reminder.

Since we are talking about hymns, let me share the one that I want sung at my funeral. I would like to read some of the words to it. It is the hymn, “Because He Lives.”

God sent His son, they called him Jesus,
He came to love, heal and forgive.
He lived and died to buy my pardon.
An empty grave is there to prove my savior lives.

The second verse:

How sweet to hold a newborn baby and feel the pride and joy he gives.
But greater still, the calm assurance this child can face uncertain days because He lives.
Then, one day, I will cross the river,
I will fight life’s final war with pain,
and then as death gives way to victory,
I will see the lights of glory and I will know He lives.”

Any of you who have lost dear, precious loved ones know. Heaven is a little sweeter place because of it. Earth has lost a little bit of its shine, if you will. Yet we go on. We have much to be grateful for. We have much to praise the Lord for, but there are precious family members that are on the other side cheering us on and will be there when we see them, as well. So, what do we do? We hang our hats on His promises. We walk—sometimes one minute at a time. Sometimes it does not look the way we want it to look, but we can know that we know He has our best interest at heart. Those of you who know Him personally know then that at one point this is all going to be over and we are going to see Him face to face. We are going to see our loved ones again. One of the things I want to hear is “well done, well done, good and faithful servant.” Thanks! (applause)

Conclusion

Let me just end today with a couple of scriptures. In Philippians 4, the classic verse on peace it says that we are to “Be anxious for nothing but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made know to God.” When that happens, what will happen? “Then, the peace of God which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.” That is a great promise about the peace of God which surpasses all understanding. We do not know why we feel that way, we do not know how we are doing it. I am sure Dawn looks back and thinks “I do not know how I made it through those months,” but God’s peace will do that. That is a promise. It is a gift from God. Let me remind you about Isaiah 26. That simple little verse says, “Thou will keep him in perfect peace”….what?!… “whose mind is stayed on Thee.” As we keep our hearts and minds fixed on Christ Jesus, He will give us that peace within ourselves.

Let’s pray. Father, thank you for the gift of peace You have given us. We seek to understand what You mean when you say in Your Word, when You say that we have peace and we have these other gifts and, Lord, I thank you for the understanding that it is not just about things going right. It is much deeper than that. That we have peace with You. That we can have peace with one another in our relationships and most of all that we can have peace with our circumstances and peace with the fact that you are in control of our lives. So, Lord, I pray that today it would be well with the souls of every woman in this room. If there is anyone here today, Lord, that it is not well with them, they are troubled, they are not sure of their relationship with you, Lord, I pray that today would be the day that that is settled and it would be well with their soul.

Thank you for this gift that You have given us, Lord. I pray that we would be faithful to appreciate it, faithful to use it, and that we would also be found faithful, Lord, that despite what we go through that we would be experiencing the peace and the joy it is to walk with you. In Jesus’ name we pray, amen.

See you next week.

Related Topics: Suffering, Trials, Persecution, Women's Articles, Worship

1. God’s Pursuit: Come, Thou Fount of Every Blessing

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Editor’s Note: This is a lightly edited transcription of the audio message. Thanks goes to Marilyn Fine for the transcription work.

Introduction

Thank you very much. I appreciate that. I never understood people complaining about having a birthday. I am so thankful to be alive and I am thankful to have every year and every day. Aren’t you? I am so grateful. I found a song not too long ago. I can never remember the title, but it said, “Lord, do not take me away in the midst of my days.” That is a prayer I pray, “Lord, I do not want to get sick and do not take me before my time. I want to enjoy every day, every month, every week, every year that You give me.” Time is a gift from God. I am so glad to be here today.

I have really looked forward to getting back together with you. I have loved coming to Focus and listening to Paula and just getting to sit back and put my feet up and have a good time. That has been fun, but I am very happy to be here today and begin our series on Great Hymns of the Faith. I know that some of you are not all that familiar with hymns so I want to spend just a couple of minutes talking about why this is a study that will be beneficial to everyone.

Who does not like to sing? Everybody likes to sing—or at least you like music. I guess people who have really beautiful voices like Rebecca, who is going to sing for us today, love singing. I do not have a good voice, but I love to sing anyway. I can sing with Brooklyn Tabernacle like you cannot believe in my car. In fact, one time I scrapped the whole side of my car on the garage because I got a little carried away with Brooklyn Tab. So, enthusiasm has a lot to do with it.

I have learned from my study this week that there are so many verses that talk about singing. I was amazed, and I knew this was a strong theme in scripture. But there are just page after page of people in the Bible talking about singing and exhorting us to sing—especially in the Book of Psalms. It is an integral part of worship.

I do not know about you but the first thing I look for on Sunday morning when I get into church is the music. I open the bulletin and the first thing I want to see is what we are singing. Do you do that? Other people are not that interested in the sermon. I am very interested in the sermon, but I want to know what we are going to sing. I have to get my mind ready for it. Singing is so important. Paul tells us in the Book of Ephesians, “Be filled with the spirit and speak to yourselves in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs.” There are psalms that we sing and have been sung in the past. There are hymns which we are talking about today, and then there are spiritual songs – praise songs and choruses. All of these things give praise to God.

Now you know the funny thing is music is very subjective, is it not? There often are some disagreements about music. Some people just like hymns, and some people just like praise songs. I have learned that I have my own particular preference of music. But just because something speaks to my heart in a unique way does not mean it will to everyone. I found that some, especially the younger generation, like the praise songs and the choruses. That to them speaks to their heart in a way that hymns speak to mine. So, music is very subjective.

I remember quite a few years ago hearing Dr. Dobson on Focus on the Family had done a series on Christian music. I happened to tune in the last day when he said he was going to take a vow right now to his audience. “I will never again do a series on this because it is so subjective and people’s emotions are so strong when it comes to music.” It is very individual, but there are some things we can definitely all agree on.

Singing is a Scriptural Theme

First of all, singing is a theme in scripture. You go back to the Book of Exodus when the Jews, the Israelites left the land of Egypt. Remember they crossed over the Red Sea. Remember what they did? They sang the song of Moses led by Miriam, “The horse and rider thrown into the sea…” There are so many references to music in the Old Testament. When the armies would go into battle they would sing praises. David talked frequently about singing in the Psalms. In the Book of Revelation, it ends with what? Singing around the throne. We will someday stand and sing around the throne. That tells us that there is singing in Heaven. That tells us that music is a gift from God, is it not? It is a gift from God and it does something for our spirit.

Now, in Church history all through time the Church has sung. Even before the Church, the Jews in the Old Testament used a psalter which is the Book of Psalms. Most of the Book of Psalms is written in poetry when it was written in Hebrew. Now that it is in English we do not see that part of it. But, this was also used by the early Church. The psalms were also used by the early Church and spiritual songs and hymns were also used. Even as far back as the very first century themes of songs were beginning to develop.

Some people believe in Philippians 2 when Paul quoted that “every knee shall bow and every tongue shall confess” that that was the line of a well-known hymn at that time. But, singing began to die out and it was Gregory the First, Pope Gregory the First, in the seventh century who brought back singing. That is his place in history. He brought back congregational singing and choral singing. He made popular, which has had a comeback recently, Gregorian chants. Have any of you ever heard Gregorian chants? Let’s listen to a Gregorian chant. (playing chant)

Okay, you are not jumping up and clapping with Gregorian chants. But, you know what it brought back? Harmony, beauty, a time in the service that was given for people to be quiet and listen to the harmony and the music. Of course, they understood the Latin at that point.

So, it was during the Reformation, though, that singing became popular as we know it today. Martin Luther, without a doubt was one of the most important men in history. He brought the Reformation to its height. He brought back congregational singing. He was a musician and he wrote songs. He would take words, scriptural words, and take popular tunes of the day. He even took some of the songs from the bars. If you remember he got criticized for that, but his comeback was, why should the devil have all the good music? Is there a good tune? Let’s use it. It is just a tune. It is just a tune until you put it with the words. So, he said “with all my heart I would extol the precious gift of God and the noble art of music for music is to be praised as second only to the Word of God because by her all emotions are swayed.”

A Hymn

Now, let us talk about what makes a hymn a hymn. A hymn is a structure that has usually three or four verses and a chorus and it has an ordered thought. Most hymns we will see tell a story. I started here, then I came here, then I went here, and now I am here. That is usually how hymns are structured.

It is amazing how hymn writers will put tunes that match the words. For example, if you hear “Alas, and did my Savior bleed,” it will be a quiet, almost mournful tune because it is about the death of Christ. If you are hearing a song “Praise to the Lord, the Almighty, the King of Creation,” it is soaring and loud and majestic and it is a song of praise. So, many of the hymn tunes reflects the feeling of the words. But, you know, here is the thing that I want you to know about hymns. Hymns are timeless. The same hymns, the words that you are going to hear sung in a few minutes, are words that have been sung for years and years and years by churches in foreign lands, by mission points, by people in downtown churches, and by people in mission churches. These words reflect the feeling of people throughout the years. That is called “transcendence.”

Now, very quickly, if you grew up in a church, then hymns were a part of your life. I grew up in a church that had, I guess they would call it “good church music,” but it was very boring. Every Sunday morning, EVERY Sunday morning we sang “Come Thou, Almighty King,” which is one of my favorite hymns now. But here is how people sing it….(singing in monotone). Nobody sang. They just mumbled it like that. It was years later when I was somewhere else and I read those words and I thought, “these words are unbelievable.” “Come Thou, Almighty King, help us Thy praise to sing” with unbelievably soaring words. Let me tell you something. The Bible does not talk about singing and mumbling. The Bible says “make a joyful shout to the Lord, all the earth. Sing out the honor of His name.” Is that mumbling? “Shout joyfully to the Lord all the earth. Break forth in song. Rejoice and sing praises. Praise the Lord for His goodness. Sing praises to our God for it is pleasant and praise is beautiful.” Listen, singing is an important part of expressing our love and devotion to God. Your voice may not be beautiful. It does not matter. You are to sing with joy and aggressively and with your spirit. So if somebody complains about your singing on Sunday. You just say I am supposed to sing this way. It pleases God.

Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing

Now, let me tell you about our song today. “Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing.” It was hard to pick these hymns. There are so many, but this is such a classic song.

I want to tell you the story about Robert Robinson who wrote this song before Rebecca comes and sings it for us. You know, when you know something about the author of a song or a book it enhances the meaning, does it not?

Robert Robinson was a young man in the early 1700s when he was sent away to a trade school by his mother. His father had died young. She had too many children that she did not know what to do. She sent him to trade school and as happened to most young men in that day what he learned to do was steal and rob and to drink. He went with some of his friends one night after a drinking binge. They went to see a fortune teller. It really rattled him because she talked about the spirit life, the spirit world. It really shook him.

He found himself just a few weeks later standing in an evangelistic meeting on a street corner in London which was being preached by the most famous preacher of his day, George Whitfield. Whitfield was one of the leaders of the first great awakening here in the United States. He was a great, great preacher. Robert stood there. He and his friends had gone to make fun of this man, but as so often happens he was moved by the message of the Gospel.

A few days later he invited Christ to come into his heart and he went into the ministry. He went to seminary and was trained and began pastoring in London. At 23, he entered the ministry and he wrote this song. At the young age of 23, he wrote “Come Thou Fount of Every Blessing.” He was preaching that Pentecost Sunday and he asked the Holy Spirit to help him write a hymn that would ask God to flood into our hearts with His strings of mercy and keep us faithful to Him and enable us to sing praises to Him.

Years later, Robert Robinson began to suffer bouts of depression. He began to doubt his faith. He began to question the reality of God and he left his church and abandoned his call. As he was working and traveling around trying to make a living, he fell into a deeper, deeper depression.

Well, one day he was on a stagecoach and a young woman got on the stagecoach and sat next to him. She had just become a Christian and she started trying to share her faith with him and tell him about how her life was changed by the Lord Jesus. He said, “I do not want to hear it. I do not want to hear it.” She said, “Let me read something to you that helped me so much. Maybe it will help you.” She opened the song book she had in her lap and she began to read to Robert Robinson the words, “Come thou fount of every blessing. Tune my heart to sing thy grace. Streams of mercy never ceasing call for songs of loudest praise.”

Robert Robinson sitting next to her began to weep. Then, his weeping turned to sobs. He said, “Oh, madam, I would give 1,000 worlds, if I had them, to mean those words as you were saying them. Because, you see, I am the person who wrote them. I cannot get back to God.” He began to tell her about his depression and this brand new Christian woman said to this man, “Oh, no, sir, no, no. Look, here it is right here: streams of mercy never ceasing.” It was at that point that he began to pray and ask God to forgive him and he began a journey back to the Lord.

He eventually returned to London, and was preaching in churches around the area. He was scheduled to preach at a church in London on Sunday and that Saturday night before, at age 54, he died in his sleep.

What a story, though! That this man, it is almost eerie, that he lived his song. The last verse of the words that you will hear, “Prone to wander, Lord, I feel it. Prone to leave the God I love.” He knew himself. He knew his heart. “Here is my heart, oh take and seal it.” He did wander. He did wander from God, but God restored him through the words of a woman who had no idea what she was sharing. Isn’t that the way God works?

Singing the Song

On your table are the words to this song. Rebecca Hoagland is going to come and sing for us. Rebecca works for Hunt Petroleum. She is a faithful member of Focus and she and her backup group are coming to sing for us. We are delighted to have them.

Thank you. Susie, that is an incredible story. I have been preparing the song and had no idea the story behind it. Let me introduce to you quickly the band. This is Mark Frye who is the music minister at Meadows Baptist in East Plano and Patrick Berg is our student minister at Meadows. Our words are a little different in the second verse, but I think that is just translation. (music playing - singing hymn -- applause)

A Verse by Verse Look

There is something about adding music to words, is there not? Thank you, Rebecca. That was wonderful. Thank you so much.

Now, you may have noticed in the song, as some of you were reading the words, that this song is a prayer. Is it not? “Come, thou fount of every blessing.” Right away the writer, Robert Robinson, says to us that God is the source of every blessing. Is He not? James said for “every good gift and every perfect gift is from above and cometh down from the Father of light.” Every good thing is from God. I just want to kind of walk quickly through these verses as we see what they mean.

Verse 1

The first one: “God’s streams of mercy.” I love that picture that there are streams of mercy. If I could put a picture with this, in my mind I have a picture of those posters you see from Colorado with the mountain streams tumbling, and the water spraying everywhere over the rocks. Streams of mercy. God’s mercy is available to us and he says God’s streams of mercy, implying that there are always available to us.

Do you know what Paul said in the Book of Ephesians, chapter 2? He said, “but God who is rich in mercy because of His great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in our sin, made us alive together with Christ and raised us up to sit in the heavenly places with Christ Jesus.” Rich in mercy! God’s mercy is rich.

I want to say this to some of you who may be here and think you probably push God to the end. You do not have to worry about that. God is longsuffering. He is patient. There is no such thing of Him running out of mercy. He is rich in mercy. I used to think years ago when I was first married I used to think the definition of a rich person was somebody who could go to the grocery store and buy whatever they wanted. Well, yes, I still think that. I want to tell you. I went Saturday and think the definition stands. Yes, a rich person has what? Unlimited resources, unlimited resources. They do not have to worry about balancing their checkbook, I guess, to the penny. They do not have to worry about making a deposit before they go to the store. They do not have to worry about those things. They are rich. Unlimited resources. God is rich in mercy. Not only does He never run out of mercy and say “I am sorry your account is up.” He never says that, but He says to you also they are new every morning.

We will talk about this more next week with “Great is Thy Faithfulness.” In Lamentations 2, the writer says this in the midst of this really sad book. Lamentations is a book of lament. It is a sad, sad book by the prophet, Jeremiah, who is called a weeping prophet. The word in Hebrews literally means aching, but there is one good verse in there. Amidst all the sadness and sorrow and depression of that book, Jeremiah is saying that as bad as things are, God’s mercies are new every morning.

Now, you know what that means? Today can be a new start. Every day is a fresh start. When the sun comes up, it is a fresh start for you. If you have blown it the day before and you have tried to do things in your own strength, you can start over tomorrow morning when you get up. Every day His mercies are new.

“Streams of mercy never ceasing call for songs of loudest praise.” Does that not tell us then when we hear that part of the verse that these songs call for a response? It calls for a response. So much of music and so much of praise is putting out something and asking us to respond to it.

He says, “come thou fount of every blessing, tune my heart to sing thy praise.” You know that is a line I use when I am having my quiet time or I am in church. Do you ever do this? You sit down and you just kind of feel dead inside. You are just not with it. Do you ever feel, “yeah, it is probably just me. Spiritual giant that everyone else is here. I just feel blah.” This is the line that comes to my mind. “Come thou fount of every blessing tune my heart.” Get me in tune. Let me start thinking. Bring some music, some psalms and words to my mind. Get me tuned up. Get me all tuned up like an orchestra does. You know when it is getting ready to play and they tune up a few minutes before. Tune my heart to sing thy grace. “Streams of mercy never ceasing call for songs of loudest praise.”

Verse 2

Now, verse 2. Rebecca sang the words in a little more modern translation or modern interpretation, which is good. You may know it as the old verse which no one ever understands which says, “here I raise mine Ebenezer, hither by thy help I come and I hope by thy good pleasure safely to arrive at home.”

Rebecca sang the words and basically what it means is, I have come this far. You brought me this far and now help me to realize that and to continue on from this point. The story, the “Ebenezer” that no one ever understands, is from I Samuel 7, a story with the Israelites and Samuel. The Philistines, if you know much about Old Testament history, they were the tormentors of the Israelites. They were tormenting the Israelites and the Israelites came to Samuel and they said something like “please pray for us that God would give us victory over these people that we would live in this land of blessing and not be tormented by the Philistines.” So, Samuel prayed for them. He was the prophet at the time. They went into battle and they overcame the Philistines and they did not bother them for something like 40 more years.

In honor of their victory, in memorial of their victory, Samuel did what Old Testament prophets and kings often did. He set up a stone, a memorial stone. The memorial was to remember that God has brought us this far by faith and this far safely. He named it Eben-ezer. Eben is stone in Hebrew. That is what the word stone means in Hebrew. Ezer means help. Stone of help. So, an Ebenezer is a memorial you set up as a stone showing, reminding yourself. You know, the Israelites were big on this on visual aids. They were always building memorials and stone altars to remind them, to show them as a visual sign of God’s protection and God’s guidance. That is the “here I raise mine Ebenezer.” It stood for God’s help on behalf of helpless men. That is what Robert Robinson was saying. Here I am saying I am helpless, but God can help me. We see in his life’s story how he was helpless; how he fell away, but God brought him back and restored him.

Now, the second part of that verse it says “Jesus sought me when a stranger, wandering from the fold of God.” Just this line in itself has so much rich, rich theology in it. Jesus sought me. Did you seek God and say “Hey, can I become a Christian?” No, He sought you. We love him, why, because He first loved us. I know you all are familiar with that verse. God seeks us.

I remember this summer telling you about a book I read about the orthodox Jewish woman who became a Christian and she said it is like God was stalking her. Jesus was stalking everywhere she turned around she heard somebody talking about Him. The next time she turned around she heard a song. The next thing she would be in a store and she would see that picture of Him, the kind of brown picture where He just had that long hair and it would enthrall her and she would be drawn to this picture. She said it is like Jesus was stalking her. I know that sounds weird, but I love that because that is what He has been called, a Hound of Heaven. When God goes after somebody He brings them to Him. Jesus sought me. He came after me. He came after Robert Robinson even when he had fallen away. How? Through the words of a young, brand-new Christian woman.

So, “Jesus sought me when a stranger wandering from the fold of God.” That phrase reminds me of the famous story in the gospels where Jesus told the story of the 99 sheep. Do you remember that? There was a man having 100 sheep. He has 99 in the fold, but he is missing that one. Here is the difference between man and God. I know myself, I would say “99, oh, well, what is one? You know, I am doing pretty good with 99.” But what does God do? No, He wants that one, that little lost sheep.

Remember, we have always said in here, too, if you want to know what God is like all you do is look at Jesus. That is where you go. The first place you go. If you wonder about anything about God, look at Jesus’ life and how He lived.

SO what did He do? He gave the picture of a man who was out seeking the lost sheep, the lonely, little lost sheep, and brought it back. The Bible says he was carrying him on his shoulders. That is such a picture of God seeking us, coming after us. Maybe some of you have had this experience. Maybe you are having it currently in your life when you feel God speaking to your heart and He is drawing you and He is saying “I want to walk with you. I want to know you. We need to get rid of some things in your life and we need to move on here.” Listen to His voice. He is seeking you.

Listen, the time to respond to Jesus is now. Many times, even though He is always merciful, long suffering and patient, He will not call. His voice will not be heard as loudly as it is now. So, I exhort any of you who are in here. If you feel God drawing you to Him, just that conviction in your heart, then I beg you to respond to Him. He is seeking you. He is coming after you. The Bible tells you He knows your name. He knows the hairs on your head as we prayed a few minutes ago in the prayer room. He loves you. He wants you. He desires you. He is seeking you. That is what this man is saying. Jesus sought me when I was a stranger. I was out there wandering and I did not even know what I was doing and He came after me. He came after me.

When He did this—another old word you may not be familiar with—He “interposed” his precious blood. That just means He intervened for us. He intervened between us and our eternal demise, which was going to be separation from God forever in eternity. He intervened for us with his precious blood.

Verse 3

All right, then in verse 3 we have a prayer where you can see how the author has come to be sought. It is almost as if he is realizing the richness of God’s mercy, the streams of grace, and the seeking that God has performed to go after him so that he ends it with a prayer to God where he says he is “prone to wander, Lord, I feel it.”

Anybody in here not sometimes “feel prone to leave the God you love?” Yes, we are all prone to do that without the keeping power of the Holy Spirit. I love, and you should know this about me, I love honest people who will say what they feel. I love the prayer in the New Testament when the man was asking Jesus to heal his daughter. Jesus asked “do you believe?” He said, “Lord, I believe but help my unbelief.” I love that prayer. It is so honest and it is so real. I pray it all the time myself. I believe, but I have so much unbelief. Help my unbelief. This is in the same vein where he is saying “I am prone to wander. I feel it.” I know myself. I know what I am going to do. I can tell. I can tell.

“Lord, I pray that You would take my heart. Seal it, seal it for Thy courts above.” An honest prayer. I did not realize until I began studying these how many writers of hymns became so vulnerable in their words. Bernard of Clairvaux, who lived in about the 11th century, a monk, wrote the unbelievable words to the hymn, “Jesus, the Very Thought of Thee.”

“Oh, Sacred Head Now Wounded,” is another song I heard my whole life and it was not until maybe a few years ago when I listened to it recorded differently by someone else that I really heard this last line. It is a lament over the death of Christ on the cross. The last line he says, “Oh, Lord, let me never, never outlive my love for Thee.” That is a pretty serious prayer. Kill me if I back off. Kill me if I leave. Take my life if I ever ruin my testimony. Pretty strong words.

It is in the same vein of Robert Robinson’s prayer. “Lord, I am prone to wander, I feel it. I am prone to leave even the God I love.” So, what do I do about it? Well, here is my heart. I give my heart to You. I give my life to you. You take it and You seal it. Seal it for what? For Your courts above.

Listen, salvation is all by God. He has done it all. All we do is say yes. All we say is “Yes, Lord. Now what? That is the old thing that I fought for so long and it always comes back to that “Yes, Lord, now what? is the question. What do you want me to do? The attitude of “Yes, Lord, I will do what you want me to do.”

Conclusion

I think this song expresses the feelings of so many Christians through the years. God’s grace pursues us. He is rich in mercy. We respond to that and even when we have responded we can sometimes wander. So, what do we do? Say, “Lord, I am prone to wander, but here is my heart. Take and seal it. Seal it for Thy courts above.”

Now, I want you to take this card with you this week and I want you to read it in your quiet time and in your prayer time. Keep it at your desk and read these words over. Let these words become a prayer in your heart to the Lord.

Let’s pray. Father, thank you for Your goodness to us. Thank you for Your mercies. Streams of mercy never ceasing call for songs of loudest praise. Teach us the melodious sonnet sung by flaming tongues above. Oh, we praise Your name, Lord. We are fixed upon it. The name of your redeeming love. Now Lord we pray we are prone to wander, but we pray, Lord, here is our heart. Take it, seal my heart, seal it for Your courts above. We pray in Jesus’ name. Amen.

Related Topics: Theology Proper (God), Women's Articles, Worship

Lição 2: Preparação para a Entrada na Terra (Josué 2:1-24)

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Introdução

Em termos humanos, quão difícil era a tarefa com que se confrontavam Josué e o povo, no que dizia respeito a entrar na terra de Canaã? Quais eram alguns dos obstáculos que Josué e o povo enfrentavam? Enquanto líder, Josué tinha de lidar com suceder a um líder como Moisés e liderar um grupo de pessoas teimosas e de cerviz endurecida. Todos juntos, enfrentavam cidades fortificadas, gigantes e um Jordão inundado. Tudo aquilo que Josué e o povo eram chamados a fazer, humanamente falando, estava muito além das suas capacidades - desde a travessia das águas transbordantes e turbulentas do Jordão até à conquista do povo feroz, poderoso e ímpio que ocupava a terra.

Independentemente destes obstáculos, acreditando nas promessas de Deus, aplicando os princípios da Palavra de Deus e contando com a presença da Sua pessoa, Josué seguiu corajosamente em frente, enviando em segredo dois homens para espiarem a terra, a fim de recolherem a necessária informação estratégica e táctica de que qualquer comandante militar precisaria com vista a planear uma estratégia bem-sucedida para tomar a terra.

Josué Envia os Espiões (2:1a)

1a E enviou Josué, filho de Nun, dois homens, desde Sitim, a espiar secretamente, dizendo: Andai e observai a terra, e a Jericó.

Poderíamos perguntar por que enviou Josué os espiões. Era isso necessário caso confiasse verdadeiramente no Senhor? Afinal de contas, não prometera Deus a Josué que lhe daria sucesso? Por que não se limitou a seguir em frente, sabendo que, de alguma forma, Deus providenciaria o que fosse necessário? De facto, a batalha era do Senhor… não era?

Para esta acção, Josué tinha como precedente a liderança e exemplo de Moisés – acção esta que resultava do próprio comando de Deus em Números 13:1-2. Por aplicação, Josué estava a viver e a agir segundo os preceitos da Escritura, conforme lhe fora ordenado em 1:7-8.

Embora Josué tivesse a promessa da salvação de Deus, não fora instruído quanto à forma como Deus derrotaria os inimigos que enfrentavam. À imagem de um líder militar prudente, limitava-se a recolher informação concernente à disposição das defesas inimigas, à condição da sua moral e a outros factores importantes em qualquer campanha militar. Além disso, não era suposto que presumisse do Senhor. Deveria confiar implicitamente no Senhor mas, em paralelo com tal confiança, cabia-lhe usar os recursos que Deus lhe dera: o trino, os homens e a sabedoria que fora adquirindo. Veja Mateus 4:6-7.

Princípio: A fé na provisão do Senhor não deverá nunca levar a presumir dos decretos ou acções soberanas de Deus, dos nossos sentimentos intuitivos ou das nossas vontades e desejos. A fé olha para os princípios aplicáveis da Escritura, recolhe a informação ou factos necessários para tomar decisões sensatas e, depois, baseando-se em princípios bíblicos e nos factos conhecidos, segue em frente, confiando na provisão e orientação do Senhor (compare com Lucas 14:31). Caso o Senhor deseje intervir de forma miraculosa como fez em Jericó, fantástico – mas não devemos presumir dos Seus caminhos soberanos.

Porquê o secretismo? Obviamente, os espiões deveriam introduzir-se na terra em segredo, tal como os espiões normalmente fazem. Aqui, a referência ao secretismo estava relacionada com o povo de Israel. Josué não informou as pessoas de que enviaria espiões. Neemias procedeu de modo similar quando inspeccionou Jerusalém. Josué estava a agir em nome dos propósitos de Deus e do melhor interesse do povo. Lembrava-se do malvado relatório dos espiões da geração precedente e da maneira como este desencorajara o povo. As pessoas são pessoas, e ele não pretendia que colocassem desnecessariamente os seus olhos sobre os problemas.

Princípio: Por vezes, é sensato da parte dos líderes fazerem o necessário de modo a manterem os olhos do seu povo fixos no Senhor e nas Suas promessas, em detrimento de nos problemas. A necessidade é de encorajamento mútuo. Em algumas circunstâncias, temos de enfrentar os problemas, mas devemos aprender a fazê-lo através dos olhos da fé na pessoa, promessas, princípios e propósitos de Deus. Este era um assunto de discrição e de orientação de Deus mediante estudo e conhecimento do que seria melhor nesta situação particular. Por vezes é bom chamar a atenção de todos para os problemas, outras vezes não é (compare com Neemias 2:4-17).

Repare que o texto diz “e a Jericó”, o que nos mostra que Josué estava particularmente interessado nesta cidade. Porquê? Jericó ficava a apenas cinco milhas (cerca de oito quilómetros) do outro lado do Jordão, e era uma das fortalezas mais formidáveis da terra. Conquistar esta cidade não só lhes daria uma base forte na terra, como também fragmentaria literalmente as forças dos cananeus – ao irromperem pelo meio de Canaã, os israelitas levantariam obstáculos às suas linhas de comunicação e abastecimento. Tal providenciaria um efeito desmoralizador adicional sobre os restantes habitantes.

Princípio: Novamente, isto ilustra a forma como, após orarmos por sabedoria (Tiago 1:5), termos de inspeccionar e avaliar as nossas próprias circunstâncias: onde estamos, para onde precisamos de ir, o chamamento de Deus nas nossas vidas, os nossos dons e talentos, as nossas fraquezas, impedimentos e as situações e forças que enfrentamos. Depois, com base nessa informação, estabelecemos planos, metas e objectivos, em paralelo com prioridades, e atacamos o problema em concordância, enquanto confiamos na intervenção e direcção de Deus (veja Provérbios 16:1 ss). Comece pelas coisas mais importantes e trabalhe nelas uma a uma. Tal inclui a nossa vida pessoal (necessidades espirituais, físicas e educacionais), vida familiar (relações, necessidades espirituais em família, etc.), vida eclesiástica, vocação pessoal e assim por diante.

Os Espiões Recebidos por Raab (2:1b)

1b Foram, pois, e entraram na casa de uma mulher prostituta, cujo nome era Raab, e dormiram ali.

Raab é mencionada oito vezes na Escritura (Josué 2:1, 3; 6:17, 23, 25; Mat. 1:5; Hebreus 11:31; Tiago 2:25); em seis dessas ocorrências, o seu nome é acompanhado por um substantivo descritivo específico. Sabe qual é? É “meretriz”. Por que iriam os homens ter com uma meretriz? Poderemos aprender alguma coisa deste acontecimento?

Tal facto tem criado problemas a muitos. De forma a remover tal este estigma – afinal, o nome dela aparece listado entre os antepassados do Salvador em Mateus 1:5 -, já foi mesmo argumentado que não seria uma meretriz, mas somente uma “estalajadeira”.

Um expositor, Pink, admite que ela tenha sido uma meretriz, mas é evidente que isso o incomoda. Ele disse: “Foram divinamente guiados até àquela casa em particular, embora não seja provável que no início estivessem pessoalmente conscientes desse facto”. Algumas linhas à frente, acrescenta: “A casa na qual se haviam abrigado pertencia a uma meretriz, de nome Raab: ainda que já não praticasse o seu negócio malvado, fora anteriormente uma mulher de má fama, estigma que ainda a perseguia”. 1

A menos que Pink assuma de 2:9 ss que a declaração de fé de Raab abrangia a compreensão da Lei e respectivos estatutos, não vejo suporte bíblico para esse argumento, mas apenas um preconceito quanto à possibilidade de Deus usar uma mulher assim e de a trazer até Si enquanto ainda trabalhava como meretriz. É quase como se ela tivesse de limpar o seu acto antes de poder ser salva ou de Deus conseguir operar no seu coração.

Josefo (Antiguidades dos Judeus, livro V, capítulo 1, 2) procurou ilibar os espiões de qualquer suspeita de ficarem na casa de uma prostituta, chamando a Raab “estalajadeira” (compare com a nota de margem na Nova Versão Internacional). Contudo, “estalajadeira” e prostituta” eram sinónimos naquela cultura (compare com o Theological Wordbook of Old Testament, p. 246). A casa de Raab era o único lugar onde os homens poderiam ficar com alguma esperança de permanecerem indetectáveis e onde lhes seria possível recolher a informação que procuravam. Para além disso, a casa dela providenciava uma forma fácil de fuga, já que se localizava no muro da cidade (v. 15). Não há indicação de que Raab fosse uma prostituta do templo. 2

Provavelmente, os dois espiões conheceram-na na mesma rua onde talvez praticasse o seu ofício; ou quiçá, ouvindo falar deles, estivesse à sua procura fingindo angariar clientes, de acordo com o costume de uma meretriz ou mesmo de uma estalajadeira (compare com Provérbios 7:6-23). Por esta altura, ela começara a crer que o Deus de Israel era o verdadeiro Deus; porém, ao viver nesta cultura totalmente decadente, é improvável que conhecesse bem a Lei de Moisés.

Raab poderá ter identificado os homens como forasteiros e, por causa do estado de alerta de toda a cidade – motivado pela possibilidade de espiões -, bem como das suas convicções acerca do Deus de Israel, terá concluído que eram israelitas, convidando-os para sua casa, por motivos de protecção e expressão da sua fé, mas não de negócio.

Esta ocorrência ilustra maravilhosamente a graça de Deus. Ele não faz distinção de pessoas. Aceita-nos e perdoa-nos, não por causa do que somos ou do que poderemos ser, mas sim pelo Seu Filho, por causa do que Ele faria e que agora faz e fará através daqueles que confiam n’Ele e agem na fé. Não importa o que fomos ou costumávamos ser. O que interessa é Jesus Cristo, o que Ele fez, e se vamos ou não colocar n’Ele a nossa confiança.

Isto também aponta para o controlo soberano de Deus sobre os assuntos dos homens e para a forma como dirige os passos dos que confiam na Sua provisão ou procuram conhecê-Lo melhor. Deus actuara no coração de Raab; conhecia a sua fé, a sua ânsia quanto a conhecê-Lo e quiçá tornar-se parte do Seu povo; por isso, Deus operou soberanamente, juntando os espiões e Raab para protecção dos primeiros e bênção da segunda.

Deus poderia ter tornado os espiões invisíveis, ferido as pessoas com cegueira ou recorrido a anjos, mas escolheu antes usar dois homens e uma mulher, caminhando pela fé com coragem para agirem segundo as suas convicções – Ele optou por utilizar as circunstâncias mais normais da vida.

Princípio: De modo a confiarmos no Senhor, estaremos nós
à procura de milagres, do sensacional, pedindo experiências fora do normal antes de sairmos e confiarmos n’Ele? Ou estaremos dispostos a sair rumo às situações normais da vida, confiando em Deus para que nos use e dirija às pessoas comuns cujos corações tocou?

Repare que Josué é uma combinação interessante entre o miraculoso e o comum.

O Rei É Informado e Questiona Sobre os Espiões
(2:2-3)

2 Então deu-se notícia ao rei de Jericó, dizendo: Eis que esta noite vieram aqui uns homens dos filhos de Israel, para espiar a terra. 3 Pelo que enviou o rei de Jericó a Raab, dizendo: Tira fora os homens que vieram a ti, e entraram na tua casa, porque vieram espiar toda a terra.

Estes versículos indicam que toda a cidade se encontrava em alerta, tendo os espiões sido reconhecidos e vistos a entrar na casa de Raab. O facto de o rei não se ter limitado a derrubar a porta e a invadir a casa poderá ter sido uma questão de hospitalidade oriental. Mesmo nesta cidade decadente, havia um grande respeito pela hospitalidade. De facto, Unger diz: “O costume oriental concede um respeito quase supersticioso aos aposentos de uma mulher”. 3

O rei terá assumido que os espiões estavam com Raab. Tal como nos tempos modernos, na antiguidade as prostitutas estavam frequentemente envolvidas em actividades secretas. O rei esperava que Raab cumprisse o seu dever patriótico e entregasse os espiões. O antigo código penal de Hamurabi contém a seguinte provisão: “Se conspiradores se encontrarem na casa de um dono de taberna, e estes conspiradores não forem capturados e levados à corte, o dono da taberna deverá ser condenado à morte” (S.R. Driver e J.C. Miles, The Babylonian Laws [Oxford: Clarendon, 1956], 2:45).4

Raab Mente e Esconde os Espiões
(2:4-7)

4 Porém, aquela mulher tomou a ambos aqueles homens, e os escondeu, e disse: É verdade que vieram homens a mim, porém eu não sabia donde eram. 5 E aconteceu que, havendo-se de fechar a porta, sendo já escuro, aqueles homens saíram: não sei para onde aqueles homens se foram: ide após eles, depressa, porque vós os alcançareis. 6 Porém ela os tinha feito subir ao telhado, e os tinha escondido entre as canas do linho, que pusera em ordem sobre o telhado.7 E foram-se aqueles homens após eles, pelo caminho do Jordão, até aos vaus: e fechou-se a porta, havendo saído os que iam após eles.

Nestes versículos, Raab esconde os espiões, mente no intuito de proteger os soldados e envia os oficiais do rei numa busca vã. Uma vez que agir de outro modo era um acto de traição punível com a morte, o rei acreditou na sua lealdade e não ordenou que a sua casa fosse revistada.

Neste ponto, seria útil focar dois versículos no Novo Testamento e um no Antigo:

Hebreus 11:31 Pela fé, Raab, a meretriz, não pereceu com os incrédulos, acolhendo em paz os espias.

Tiago 2:25 E, de igual modo, Raab, a meretriz, não foi, também, justificada pelas obras, quando recolheu os emissários e os despediu por outro caminho?

Josué 6:17 Porém, a cidade será anátema ao Senhor, ela e tudo quanto houver nela: somente a prostituta Raab viverá, ela e todos os que com ela estiverem em casa; porquanto escondeu os mensageiros que enviámos.

Por que é que Raab foi salva? Porque acreditava no Deus de Israel. Esconder os mensageiros foi uma manifestação da sua fé. Tratou-se de uma ilusão calculada a fim de os proteger, à semelhança de muitas pessoas piedosas que esconderam judeus em países europeus durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial.

Primeiramente, o que Raab fez foi uma questão de fé. Ela passara a crer que o Deus de Israel era verdadeiramente “Deus em cima nos céus e em baixo na terra” (2:11), pertencendo ao Hall da Fama no capítulo da fé.

Em segundo lugar, a fé de Raab, que lhe deu convicções fortes a respeito de Deus, levou-a a agir segundo a sua fé a ponto de colocar em jogo a sua própria vida. Ela sabia que Israel atacaria eventualmente a cidade, uma vez que o seu Deus era o Deus verdadeiro, e desejava ser salva e tornar-se parte da nação. Não sabia muito sobre o Deus de Israel, as Suas leis de justiça ou o caminho da salvação, mas estava ciente de que Ele era o Deus supremo. 

E quanto à mentira de Raab? Seria justificável? Será que a Escritura a perdoa? A maioria dos comentadores aprova a sua fé, mas desaprova a sua mentira. No fundo, aprovam que tenha escondido os espiões, mas não que contasse mentiras. Por exemplo:

O Dr. Campbell escreve: “Desculpar Raab por ceder a uma prática comum é perdoar o que Deus condena… A mentira de Raab foi registada, mas não aprovada. A Bíblia aprova a sua fé, demonstrada através de boas obras, mas não a sua falsidade.” 5

O Dr. Unger escreve: “É óbvio que a mentira de Raab era moralmente incorrecta.” 6

Pink concorda e diz: “Ela falhou quanto a confiar plenamente no Senhor, e o temor do homem trouxe uma armadilha. Aquele cujos anjos feriram os homens de Sodoma com cegueira (Gén. 19:11) e que matara os cinquenta homens enviados para prenderem o Seu profeta (2 Reis 1:9-12) poderia ter evitado que os oficiais encontrassem os espiões.” 7

Mas estará isto correcto? O que era suposto que ela dissesse? “Se acham que eles estão aqui, entrem e revistem a casa.” Note, por favor, que se tratava de uma questão de guerra.

Em 6:17, Josué explicou que Raab foi poupada por ter escondido os espiões, agindo como aliada. Sejamos honestos. Quando vai de férias, deixa uma luz acesa ou programa a sua televisão para ligar à noite, a fim de dar a impressão de estar em casa quando, na verdade, não está? Fazemos isto de modo a enganar os intrusos, embora não seja verdade.

Repare no que diz o Expositors Bible Commentary (Comentário Bíblico Expositors): “Raab mentiu tanto no que fez quanto no que disse. A ilusão era uma importante estratégia de guerra. A espionagem seria impossível sem tal elemento. Ao esconder os espiões, Raab aliou-se a Israel contra o seu próprio povo. Foi um acto de traição!” 8

Em preparação para o Dia D na Segunda Guerra Mundial, deixamos propositadamente os alemães acreditarem que íamos invadir a França em Calais, creio, quando a nossa intenção consistia em invadir as praias de Omaha e Utah em Cherbourg, França.

A Declaração de Fé de Raab
(2:8-13)

8 E, antes que eles dormissem, ela subiu a eles sobre o telhado; 9 E disse aos homens: Bem sei que o Senhor vos deu esta terra, e que o pavor de vós caiu sobre nós, e que todos os moradores da terra estão desmaiados diante de vós. 10 Porque temos ouvido que o Senhor secou as águas do Mar Vermelho diante de vós, quando saíeis do Egipto, e o que fizestes aos dois reis dos amorreus, a Séon e a Og, que estavam dalém do Jordão, os quais destruístes. 11 Ouvindo isto, desmaiou o nosso coração, e em ninguém mais há ânimo algum, por causa da vossa presença, porque o Senhor, vosso Deus, é Deus em cima nos céus e em baixo na terra. 12 Agora, pois, jurai-me, vos peço, pelo Senhor, pois que vos fiz beneficência, que vós, também, fareis beneficência à casa do meu pai, e dai-me um sinal certo, 13 De que dareis a vida ao meu pai e à minha mãe, como também aos meus irmãos e às minhas irmãs, com tudo o que têm, e que livrareis as nossas vidas da morte.

Primeiramente, vemos a confiança e convicção de Raab quanto ao poder do Senhor. De alguma forma, sabia do que havia ocorrido no Mar Vermelho e mais tarde, bem como que tal resultara do poder soberano do Deus de Israel. O que dividira o Mar Vermelho não fora meramente produto do engenho de Israel ou algum capricho da natureza.

Aplicação: Isto recorda-nos que as nossas vidas não devem limitar-se a ser diferentes; deve existir algo nelas que aponte para Deus como a razão pela qual são distintas nas coisas que fazemos e dizemos – tais como ir à igreja, a nossa preocupação com outras pessoas e suas necessidades e o nosso testemunho específico, que confere um motivo para a esperança dentro de nós (1 Pedro 3:15-16).

Em segundo lugar, vemos a confiança e convicção de Raab no Deus de Israel (Javé) como o único Deus verdadeiro, que reina sobre o céu e sobre os assuntos dos homens na terra. A sua declaração no versículo 11 – “…porque o Senhor, vosso Deus, é Deus em cima nos céus e em baixo na terra” – é mais do que a constatação de que o Deus de Israel fosse uma divindade. A ideia é de que Ele – e apenas Ele – É o Deus verdadeiro, envolvido nos assuntos da terra e dos homens.

Aplicação: Tal recorda-nos o envolvimento de Deus nas nossas vidas. Ele É o Deus soberano que mantém unidas todas as coisas pela palavra do Seu poder, que actua nas nossas vidas. Será que vivemos à luz deste facto?

Terceiro, vemos a confiança e convicção de Raab quanto ao julgamento iminente do seu povo e ao seu desejo de ser salva, aliando-se ao Deus de Israel (vs. 13). Repare em “Agora, pois…”, que indica que este pedido resultou do seu conhecimento, convicção e fé relativamente ao Senhor.

Em quarto lugar, vemos nos versículos 12-13 que não estava somente preocupada consigo mesma. A sua preocupação incluía a sua família ou agregado familiar. Este é o plano número um de Deus para o evangelismo – a nossa rede familiar, de amigos e colegas de trabalho.

Aplicação: Quão preocupados e focados estamos naqueles que nos rodeiam – orando pela salvação, procurando conhecê-los e amá-los e, eventualmente, partilhando o amor de Cristo?

Os habitantes da terra encontravam-se aterrorizados. Três vezes neste capítulo, o verbo “desmaiar” é usado para descrever o estado emocional ou a moral das pessoas (vss. 9, 11, 24). Mental e emocionalmente, eram um povo vencido. Deus já entregara nas mãos de Israel o povo de Jericó. Há quanto tempo seria este o caso? Desde que haviam ouvido falar dos eventos no Mar Vermelho (2:9-11).

A questão que se coloca é a seguinte: teria Israel conhecimento disto? Com a excepção de Moisés, Josué e Caleb, os israelitas recusaram acreditar na promessa de Deus; em vez disso, permitiram que o relatório negativo dos dez espiões fizesse desmaiar os seus corações, pois focavam os problemas em detrimento do seu Deus.

Repare na ironia aqui presente: os nativos contemplavam o Deus de Israel e tremiam nas sandálias. Já os israelitas, que tinham testemunhado as obras poderosas de Deus vez após vez, olhavam para os seus problemas em lugar de para Deus, estando aterrorizados na descrença.

Atente nas passagens seguintes:

25 Depois, voltaram de espiar a terra, ao fim de quarenta dias. 26 E caminharam, e vieram a Moisés e a Aarão, e a toda a congregação dos filhos de Israel, no deserto de Paran, a Cades, e, tornando, deram-lhes conta a eles, e a toda a congregação, e mostraram-lhes o fruto da terra. 27 E contaram-lhe, e disseram: Fomos à terra a que nos enviaste; e verdadeiramente mana leite e mel, e este é o fruto. 28 O povo, porém, que habita nessa terra, é poderoso, e as cidades fortes e mui grandes; e também ali vimos os filhos de Enac. Os amalequitas habitam na terra do sul; e os heteus, e os jebuseus, e os amorreus habitam na montanha; e os cananeus habitam ao pé do mar, e pela ribeira do Jordão. (Números 13:25-29).

26 Porém, vós não quisestes subir; mas fostes rebeldes ao mandado do Senhor, nosso Deus. 27 E murmurastes nas vossas tendas, e dissestes: Porquanto o Senhor nos aborrece, nos tirou da terra do Egito, para nos entregar nas mãos dos amorreus, para destruir-nos. 28 Para onde subiremos? nossos irmãos fizeram com que se derretesse o nosso coração, dizendo: Maior e mais alto é este povo do que nós; as cidades são grandes e fortificadas até aos céus; e também vimos ali filhos dos gigantes. 29 Então eu vos disse: Não vos espanteis, nem os temais. 30 O Senhor, vosso Deus, que vai adiante de vós, ele por vós pelejará, conforme a tudo o que fez convosco, diante dos vossos olhos, no Egipto; 31 Como, também, no deserto, onde viste que o Senhor, teu Deus, nele te levou, como um homem leva seu filho, por todo o caminho que andastes, até chegardes a este lugar. 32 Mas nem por isso crestes ao Senhor, vosso Deus, …” (Deuteronómio 1:26-32).

Aplicação: Quão similar a nós é a situação descrita! Independentemente de tudo, quer se trate da picada de um mosquito ou do ataque de um leão, temos de aprender a manter os nossos olhos no Senhor e longe do problema (veja Hebreus 12:1-2).

A Resposta dos Espiões (2:14)

14 Então aqueles homens responderam-lhe: A nossa vida responderá pela vossa, até ao ponto de morrer, se não denunciardes este nosso negócio, e será pois que, dando-nos o Senhor esta terra, usaremos contigo de beneficência e de fidelidade.

Manter-se calada a respeito da sua presença e recusar-se a prestar informação sobre eles seria uma prova da sua fé no Senhor e da boa vontade relativamente ao povo de Deus (compare com Mateus 25:24 ss).

O Cordão de Escarlata  
(2:15-21)

15 Ela então os fez descer por uma corda, pela janela, porquanto a sua casa estava sobre o muro da cidade, e ela morava sobre o muro. 16 E disse-lhes: Ide-vos ao monte, para que, porventura, vos não encontrem os perseguidores, e escondei-vos lá três dias, até que voltem os perseguidores, e depois, ide pelo vosso caminho. 17 E disseram-lhe aqueles homens: Desobrigados seremos deste teu juramento que nos fizeste jurar. 18 Eis que, vindo nós à terra, atarás este cordão de fio de escarlata à janela por onde nos fizeste descer; e recolherás em casa, contigo, o teu pai, e a tua mãe, e os teus irmãos, e a toda a família do teu pai. 19 Será, pois, que, qualquer que sair fora da porta da tua casa, o seu sangue será sobre a sua cabeça, e nós seremos sem culpa; mas qualquer que estiver contigo, em casa, o seu sangue seja sobre a nossa cabeça, se nele se puser mão. 20 Porém, se tu denunciares este nosso negócio, seremos desobrigados do teu juramento, que nos fizeste jurar. 21 E ela disse: Conforme às vossas palavras, assim seja. Então os despediu; e eles se foram; e ela atou o cordão de escarlata à janela.

Mesmo antes de partirem, os espiões confirmaram o seu acordo com Raab: primeiramente, a sua casa deveria estar identificada com um cordão de escarlata pendurado da janela. Em segundo lugar, ela e a sua família teriam de permanecer dentro da casa durante o ataque à cidade. Por último, os espiões deixaram claro que ficariam livres do juramento de protecção para com Raab caso a mesma denunciasse a sua missão.

Esta história é muito parecida com a salvação experienciada no decurso da última praga que Deus trouxe sobre o Faraó e o Egipto, ao matar o primogénito de cada lar, mas poupando os israelitas graças ao sangue do cordeiro Pascal, com o qual os dois umbrais e o lintel das suas casas haviam sido borrifados. Embora não tenha sido identificado como tal, é provável que o cordão de escarlata fosse uma imagem de Cristo.

Nos dias de Noé, havia segurança e abrigo para aqueles que entravam pela porta da arca. No Egipto, a segurança e o abrigo eram obtidos por aqueles que se reuniam atrás das portas aspergidas com o sangue do cordeiro Pascal. Para mim e para si, também há segurança e abrigo do julgamento eterno – mas apenas se entrarmos pela porta certa: Jesus Cristo. Como Ele disse em João 10:9, “Eu sou a porta: se alguém entrar por mim, salvar-se-á.”

George Whitefield, o eloquente pregador do Grande Despertar na América do Norte (1738-40), discursou uma vez sobre o texto “A Porta Estava Fechada”. Encontravam-se na congregação dois jovens arrogantes e desrespeitosos e, por acaso, um foi ouvido a dizer ao outro, em tom zombeteiro: “E se a porta estiver fechada? Outra será aberta.”

Mais adiante no sermão, o evangelista disse: “É possível que esteja aqui alguém descuidado e presumido, que diz ‘Que importa que a porta esteja fechada? Outra será aberta!’.”

Os dois jovens entreolharam-se, alarmados!

“Sim, outra porta será aberta”, concluiu Whitefield. “Será a porta da cova sem fundo – a entrada para o Inferno.” 9

O Retorno e Relatório dos Espiões(2:22-24)

22 Foram-se, pois, e chegaram ao monte, e ficaram ali três dias, até que voltaram os perseguidores, porque os perseguidores os buscaram por todo o caminho, porém não os acharam. 23 Assim, aqueles dois homens voltaram, e desceram do monte, e passaram, e vieram a Josué, filho de Nun, e contaram-lhe tudo quanto lhes acontecera; 24 E disseram a Josué: Certamente o Senhor tem dado toda esta terra nas nossas mãos, pois até todos os moradores estão desmaiados diante de nós.

Josué e os homens de Israel viram nas palavras e acções de Raab uma evidência clara da providência soberana e bênção do Senhor. Repare na confiança deles: “Certamente o Senhor tem dado toda esta terra nas nossas mãos, …”. Existem nesta passagem algumas lições óbvias:

(1) Demonstra a preocupação e obra de Deus para salvar uma pessoa ou família que confie n’Ele (compare com 2 Pedro 3:9). Lembra-nos que Deus conhece os corações dos homens e nos conduzirá a eles se estivermos disponíveis. Também nos ensina que a obra de Deus deve ter lugar em ambos os extremos.

(2) Demonstra a protecção e provisão de Deus em favor dos Seus servos, capacitando-os a cumprir a sua vocação e objectivo independentemente das circunstâncias. A única coisa capaz de nos impedir de realizar a vontade de Deus e de cumprir o nosso chamamento é a nossa própria descrença.

(3) Demonstra a forma como a nossa fé deve levar à acção e ministério em benefício de outros. Raab disponibilizou-se a ajudar quer os espiões, quer a própria família (João 1:35-51; 4:28-29, 39).

(4) Demonstra como a misericórdia e graça de Deus ultrapassam a Sua ira através da cruz. Raab era Amorita e, de acordo com a lei de Moisés, não poderia haver piedade nem alianças com os nativos – apenas julgamento (compare com Deut. 7:2). Através da sua fé genuína, tornou-se uma excepção.

(5) Raab constitui um tipo e testemunho do propósito de Deus quanto a salvar os gentios que, embora sem esperança no mundo (Efésios 2:12), podiam aproximar-se de Deus e serem participantes com Israel, mediante a fé em Cristo.

(6) Raab providencia uma lição ao contrastar notavelmente com Israel e demais habitantes de Jericó. Isso transforma-se num aviso contra o endurecimento do coração naqueles que vêem e ouvem, mas falham no que toca a responder pela fé. Escutar não é suficiente. Repare na aplicabilidade deste conceito:

Relativamente a Israel:

1 Temamos, pois, que, porventura, deixada a promessa de entrar no seu repouso, pareça que algum de vós fique para trás; 2 Porque, também, a nós foram pregadas as boas novas, como a eles, mas a palavra da pregação nada lhes aproveitou, porquanto não estava misturada com a fé naqueles que a ouviram. (Heb 4:1-2).

Relativamente a Jericó:

9 E disse aos homens: Bem sei que o Senhor vos deu esta terra, e que o pavor de vós caiu sobre nós, e que todos os moradores da terra estão desmaiados diante de vós. 10 Porque temos ouvido que o Senhor secou as águas do Mar Vermelho diante de vós, quando saíeis do Egipto, e o que fizestes aos dois reis dos amorreus, a Séon e a Og, que estavam dalém do Jordão, os quais destruístes. 11 Ouvindo isto, desmaiou o nosso coração, e em ninguém mais há ânimo algum, por causa da vossa presença, porque o Senhor, vosso Deus, é Deus em cima nos céus e em baixo na terra. (Josué 2:9-11).

Relativamente aos discípulos:

52 Pois não tinham compreendido o milagre dos pães; antes, o seu coração estava endurecido. (Marcos 6:52).

Relativamente a nós:

7 Portanto, como diz o Espírito Santo, se ouvirdes, hoje, a sua voz, 8 Não endureçais os vossos corações, como na provocação, no dia da tentação no deserto, 9 Onde os vossos pais me tentaram, me provaram, e viram, por quarenta anos, as minhas obras. 10 Por isso me indignei contra esta geração, e disse: Estes sempre erram em seu coração, e não conheceram os meus caminhos. 11 Assim jurei, na minha ira, que não entrarão no meu repouso. (Hebreus 3:7-11).

Texto original de J. Hampton Keathley, III.

Tradução de C. Oliveira.


1 Arthur Pink, Gleanings in Joshua, Moody Press, Chicago, 1964, p. 54.

2 Frank E. Gaebelein, General Editor, The Expositor's Bible Commentary, New Testament, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, 1976-1992, versão electrónica.

3 Unger’s Commentary on the Old Testament. Vol I, Génesis –Cantares de Salomão, p. 285.

4 Expositors Bible Commentary, electronic version.

5 Joshua, Leader Under Fire, Donald Campbell, p. 19-20.

6 Unger’s Commentary on the Old Testament, p. 285.

7 Pink, p. 59.

8 Expositors Bible Commentary, versão electrónica.

9 Donald K. Campbell com Jim Denney, No Time For Neutrality, A Study of Joshua, Discovery House, 1994, p. 36.

Related Topics: Character Study

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