4. Social-Cultural Life
Key Elements to the Social-Cultural Background of Jesus’ Time: Appreciating the World and Life of Israel and Galilee under the Romans
Population
Sibylline Oracles, 3.271
Josephus, War 2.398
Josephus, War 7.43
Strabo
Josephus, Antiquities14.115
Philo, Flaccus 7.46
Philo, Flaccus, 6.43
Josephus, Contra Apion, 1.197
Geography-Agriculture-Travel
Values, Literacy, Life Expectancy
Wisdom 7:1-2
Philo, Special Laws 3.169-71, 178
Sirach 42:12-14
m. Aboth 5.21
m Sotah 3.4
Family and Home
m Kethuboth 4.4-5
Pesahim 3.7
Ketuboth 5.2
Shebiith 7.4
Halla 2.7
Politics and Power
Economics
m Nedarim 6.4
Josephus, Antiquities 16.153-155
Josephus, Antiquities 14.203
Religion
1 Maccabees
Psalms of Solomon
1 Maccabees 1:12-15
1 Maccabees 1:15
1 Maccabees 1:20-21
Jubilees 2:17-22
Jubilees 50:6-13
CD 10-12
m Shabbath 7.2
m Tohoroth
Josephus, Antiquities 15.380, 420-421
Josephus, Antiquities 20.219
Ag. Apion 2.102-105
Josephus, Jewish War 6.126
Josephus, Jewish War 5.199
m Middot 2.5
m. Tamid 1.4
Josephus, Jewish War 5.219
Josephus, Ag. Apion 2.108
Josephus, Antiquities 7.365
m. Sukkah 5.6
m Tamid 4
Josephus, Antiquities 3.230-232
Philo, Special Laws 1.226; 235
Josephus, Antiquities 17.214
Josephus, Antiquities 3.248-249
Jubilees 49:16, 18, 20-21
Philo, Special Laws 2.145-149
Philo, Questions on Exodus 1.10
Josephus, Antiquities 14.260
Josephus, Antiquities 15.50
m Sukkah 5.4
Josephus, Antiquities 3.264
m Yoma 8.1
m. Yoma 3.8
Sirach 50:14-21
1 Maccabees 4:36-59
Josephus, Antiquities 18.16.17
Psalms of Solomon 17–18
Testament of Reuben 6:7-8
Testament of Judah 21:1-5
Testament of Dan 5:10-11
Testament of Joseph 19:5-11
The Messianic Rule=1QSa; see esp. 2:20
4QpIsa 8–10:23
CD 6:11; 12:22-23; 13:20-22; 14:18-19; 19:9-11; 19:34-20:1
1 Enoch 39–71, esp. 46:1-5; 48:2-7; 62:3-14; 63:11; 69:27–70:1; 71:17;
4 Ezra (= 2 Esdras) 13
1 Maccabees 14:41
Testament of Levi 8:14-15
Philo, Special Laws 1.11 [64-65]
4QTest; 1QS 9:11
Sirach 48:1-11
Key Sects
Josephus, Antiquities, 18.16-17.
Josephus, Jewish War 2.164-165).
Josephus, Antiquities 13.171
Josephus, Antiquities 13.288-298
Josephus, Antiquities 18.12-15
Josephus, Jewish War 2.162-163
Josephus, Life 2.12
Josephus, Antiquities 17.141-142
Josephus, Jewish War 1.648
Josephus, Jewish War 1.78-81
Josephus, Antiquities 13.311-313
Philo, Good Man 76-77
Philo, Hypothetica 11.8-9
Philo, Every Good Man 86-87
Philo, Hypothetica 11.10-11
Josephus, Jewish War 2.122-125
Josephus, Antiquities 18.20
Josephus, Jewish War 2.128
Josephus, Antiquities 18.18-22
Josephus, Antiquities 14.450
Josephus, Jewish War 1.326
Josephus, Antiquities 18.23-25
Josephus, Antiquities 18.7-8
Related Topics: Bibliology (The Written Word)