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20. Being Good Stewards of God’s Riches (1 Timothy 6:17-21)

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Command those who are rich in this world’s goods not to be haughty or to set their hope on riches, which are uncertain, but on God who richly provides us with all things for our enjoyment. Tell them to do good, to be rich in good deeds, to be generous givers, sharing with others. In this way they will save up a treasure for themselves as a firm foundation for the future and so lay hold of what is truly life. O Timothy, protect what has been entrusted to you. Avoid the profane chatter and absurdities of so-called “knowledge.” By professing it, some have strayed from the faith. Grace be with you all.

1 Timothy 6:17-21 (NET)

How can we be good stewards of God’s riches?

In Matthew 25:14-30, Christ describes believers as stewards—meant to oversee his possessions and his affairs. One day Christ, our master, will return and the faithful will be rewarded and the unfaithful disciplined. He will say, “Well done, good and faithful servant” (v. 23 NIV) and to others, he will call them “wicked and lazy servants” (v. 26 NIV). This stewardship includes many things such as our families, careers, and ministries.

In 1 Timothy 6:17-21, Paul focuses on the believer’s stewardship of two riches: God’s wealth and his Word. He commands the financially rich in Ephesus to be rich in good deeds and to store up treasure in heaven. He calls for Timothy to guard what had been “entrusted” to his care—referring to God’s Word. The word entrusted was used of “money or valuables deposited with somebody for safe keeping.”1 God’s Word is one of his great riches. We are called to recognize how valuable it is and to faithfully steward it. This instruction was not just for Timothy; the fact that Paul ends the letter with “Grace be with you all” means that it was for the Ephesians as well (v. 21). They needed to faithfully guard the valuable deposit of God’s Word, and we must also. First Corinthians 4:1-2 says,

One should think about us this way—as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God. Now what is sought in stewards is that one be found faithful.

Are we being faithful with the deposit of God’s Word? Are we being faithful with God’s money? One day, Christ will demand an account of our stewardship. In 1 Timothy 6:17-21, we learn principles about being good stewards of God’s riches.

Big Question: What principles can we learn about being good stewards of God’s wealth and his Word in 1 Timothy 6:17-21?

Stewards of God’s Wealth

Command those who are rich in this world’s goods not to be haughty or to set their hope on riches, which are uncertain, but on God who richly provides us with all things for our enjoyment. Tell them to do good, to be rich in good deeds, to be generous givers, sharing with others. In this way they will save up a treasure for themselves as a firm foundation for the future and so lay hold of what is truly life.

1 Timothy 6:17-19

After teaching on the dangers of the love of money in verses 9-10, Paul speaks directly to the rich in Ephesus. Ephesus was one of the wealthiest cities in the ancient world, and therefore many of the Ephesian converts were rich. Some were even wealthy slave owners (6:1). It must be noticed that Paul doesn’t tell them to get rid of their riches, but instead, to be faithful stewards of them.

There were many rich believers throughout Scripture: Abraham, Joseph, David, Daniel, Lydia, and Philemon. Having wealth is not a sin; in fact, wherever Christianity has gone, it often has led to wealth. People start to be more honest, hard-working, and disciplined—often leading to wealth. However, there is a scary cycle which often happens after Christianity brings wealth. Ken Hughes talks about this as he cites Cotton Mather, a Puritan writer. He said:

The Puritan Cotton Mather, alarmed by the trend toward materialism in New England society, made this statement in his famous book Magnalia Christi Americana: “Religion begat prosperity and the daughter devoured the mother.” Mather was noting a common, though not inevitable, effect of Christianity. Authentic conversion to Christ so changes people’s lives that bad habits fall away, and they become better workers and managers as they live out the Scriptures, resulting in economic prosperity. But tragically, in many cases the new prosperity and material wealth devour the same Christianity that gave them birth—especially in the second or third generations.2

Some might say to themselves, “This text does not apply to me, as I am not wealthy!” However, consider these stats:

  • “If you made $1500 last year, you’re in the top 20% of the world’s income earners.
  • If you have sufficient food, decent clothes, live in a house or apartment, and have a reasonably reliable means of transportation, you are among the top 15% of the world’s wealthy.
  • If you earn more than $50,000 annually, you are in the top 1% of the world’s income earners.”3

Christians in developed nations are most likely in the top 20% of the world’s income earners, if not the top 1%. How can we be faithful stewards of our wealth?

To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Be Humble

Command those who are rich in this world’s goods not to be haughty

1 Timothy 6:17

The word “command” is a military word. This is not a suggestion but a command from our Lord through Paul. The rich Ephesians were called to not be haughty or prideful. Pride is something that we all struggle with. However, wealth makes us more inclined towards this particular sin. The wealthy tend to think higher of themselves than they should and look down upon others. They might think this of those from a lower socio-economic bracket, “If they weren’t so lazy and just worked harder” or, “If they would just get an education…” However, Scripture teaches that God is the one who makes one wealthy or poor. First Samuel 2:7 says, “The Lord impoverishes and makes wealthy; he humbles and he exalts.” Wealth is a gift from the Lord and so is poverty—they both have advantages. The poor are more prone to depend on God and therefore typically have greater faith (James 2:5). The wealthy are given opportunities to use their God-given resources to help people (1 Tim 6:18). They both come from God.

Paul says the wealthy should not be arrogant or prideful in their riches. If they remember that God both gives and takes away, this will help them remain humble. First Corinthians 4:7 says, “For who concedes you any superiority? What do you have that you did not receive? And if you received it, why do you boast as though you did not?”

Application Question: How can a person know if he is arrogant about his wealth?

One can tell by considering how he views those from a lower economic status. Do they look down on them? Do they treat them with less respect than the wealthy? Would they avoid marrying somebody with a lower economic status or education or prevent their children from doing so? If so, they must humble themselves, as Scripture forbids these types of thoughts. Consider what James 2:3-6 says in forbidding partiality:

do you pay attention to the one who is finely dressed and say, “You sit here in a good place,” and to the poor person, “You stand over there,” or “Sit on the floor”? If so, have you not made distinctions among yourselves and become judges with evil motives? Listen, my dear brothers and sisters! Did not God choose the poor in the world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom that he promised to those who love him? But you have dishonored the poor! …

James writes about actions that should accompany genuine faith (cf. Jam 2:14-26), and he says partiality is foreign to it. True faith should change how we treat the poor. It should deliver us from pride that leads to partiality. Beware of the pride and judgmentalism that tend to come with wealth

Application Question: In what ways have you experienced the arrogance that comes with wealth? How can we grow in humility—especially in regards to our wealth?

To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Put Our Hope in God and Not Wealth

Command those who are rich in this world’s goods not to be haughty or to set their hope on riches, which are uncertain, but on God who richly provides us with all things for our enjoyment.

1 Timothy 6:17

Paul commands the rich to not put their hope in wealth but in God. This is one of the problems with wealth. We tend to put our hope in it. We trust in our bank accounts—they provide us with peace of mind in an emergency. We trust in our jobs that provide us with money for our bank accounts. We tend to put our “faith” in the gifts instead of the Giver.

Observation Question: Why should we not put our hope in wealth?

Paul says that we shouldn’t put our hope in wealth because it is “uncertain.” It is uncertain because it tends to fly away. Proverbs 23:5 says, “When you gaze upon riches, they are gone, for they surely make wings for themselves, and fly off into the sky like an eagle!” They fly away for various reasons: Personally, as soon as our savings account starts to grow, something breaks down: we need to fix our car or something in our house. Sometimes they fly away when a person loses a job and must live off savings. Sometimes they fly away because we need to provide for a family member or meet somebody else’s need. It is good to remember that wealth is uncertain; it tends to fly away.

But also, wealth is uncertain because it is part of this “world.” The ESV translates it “this present age” (v. 17). This means that one day we will die and leave our wealth, or one day, this present world will pass away along with our wealth. In Luke 12:13-21, the wealthy farmer thought he was secure because he stored up wealth in his barns; however, soon after, he died. Christ used this as a warning to not put our focus on wealth instead of God.

As we consider the passing nature of wealth, we must realize it isn’t something to put our faith in. We must put our hope in God who is the giver of wealth. He is our Shepherd, and we shall not want (Ps 23:1). Because of this, Jesus taught that we should “seek first God’s kingdom and his righteousness and all these things will be added unto us” (Matt 6:33 paraphrase).

Application Question: How can we know if we are putting our hope in wealth or God?

We can discern this in two ways:

  1. First, we can tell by what we are seeking. Are we daily pursuing a deeper knowledge of God through his Word and fellowship with his saints? Are we seeking to further God’s kingdom by discipling and training others? Or are we on an endless pursuit of more wealth which is so uncertain?
  2. Secondly, we can tell by where we get our peace. Does our peace come from our job-security and wealth in the bank? Or does it come from our relationship with God?

Application Question: How can we place our hope in God instead of putting it in our job or wealth?

To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Enjoy God’s Gifts

or to set their hope on riches, which are uncertain, but on God who richly provides us with all things for our enjoyment.

1 Timothy 6:17b

With the command to not put our hope in riches, clearly, Paul is not teaching asceticism. The rich don’t need to sell their riches, because God gives us everything for our enjoyment (v. 17). He is the giver of every good and perfect gift (Jam 1:17). He will always provide our needs according to his riches in glory (Phil 4:19), but also, like any loving father, he delights in giving us many of our wants. Therefore, as stewards of God’s wealth, we must enjoy his gifts without falling into wasteful luxury. Consider these verses in Ecclesiastes:

There is nothing better for people than to eat and drink, and to find enjoyment in their work. I also perceived that this ability to find enjoyment comes from God. For no one can eat and drink or experience joy apart from him.

Ecclesiastes 2:24-25

To every man whom God has given wealth, and possessions, he has also given him the ability to eat from them, to receive his reward and to find enjoyment in his toil; these things are the gift of God. For he does not think much about the fleeting days of his life because God keeps him preoccupied with the joy he derives from his activity.

Ecclesiastes 5:19-20

This is one of the recurring themes in the book, “‘Enjoy the blessings of life now, because life will end one day’ (Ecc. 2:24; 3:12–15, 22; 5:18–20; 9:7–10; 11:9–10).”4

Application Question: How can we enjoy God’s gifts?

  1. To enjoy God’s gifts, we must give thanks for them instead of complaining about them. Most people are never thankful for their gifts because they take them for granted, focus on what’s wrong with them, or are focused on the next, better thing.
  2. To enjoy God’s gifts, we must keep them in the proper place of our heart. As we put God first before our gifts, we can enjoy them more. Otherwise, they will bring discontentment in our hearts, as they can never fill us. This is also true with people. When we seek for friends, family, or co-workers to fulfill us instead of God, it will always lead to discontentment instead of joy.

Application Question: What specific material riches are you most thankful for and why? Are there any material riches that have more potential than others of stealing your heart from God, and if so, why? How can you maintain the proper balance of keeping God first?

To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Be Rich in Good Deeds and Sacrificial Giving

Tell them to do good, to be rich in good deeds, to be generous givers, sharing with others.

1 Timothy 6:18

Next, Paul commands the wealthy to be rich in good deeds and sacrificial giving. He calls them to add to their wealth another type of wealth. Calvin said this about the wealthy, “A man’s opportunities to do good to others increase with the abundance of his riches.”5 In one sense, the wealthy reflect God in a way that the poor cannot. God is also wealthy—as he owns the cattle on a thousand hills (Ps 50:10); he owns it all. Yet, with his wealth, he sacrificially gives to meet the needs of the world. God gave his Son. His Son gave up everything and became poor so others might be rich (2 Cor 8:9). This should also be true of wealthy believers, as they seek to be rich in good deeds and sacrificial giving.

Certainly, we see something of these types of good deeds in Lydia and Dorcas. Lydia was the first convert of the Philippian church. She was a wealthy seller of purple clothes. She used her home to host the early church (Acts 15:36, 16:40). Similarly, Dorcas, a believer who lived in Joppa, used her wealth to help the poor (Acts 9:36).

Wealthy believers must also give sacrificially. Sadly, statistics say that the more a person increases in wealth, the less they give. “A 1989 poll showed that households earning under $10,000 gave away 5.5 percent; those making $50,000 to $60,000 gave away 1.7 percent .”6 Though an antiquated survey, it is still true today. Most Christians act just like the world when they gain wealth—they buy a better house, car, and entertainment system. However, God gives to us, in part, so we can give to others. The rich in this world must remember their great responsibility. They must not only be rich in good deeds, but they must be generous and willing to share, which refers to the heart. We must develop a generous heart that loves to give to others. Second Corinthians 9:7 says, “Each one of you should give just as he has decided in his heart, not reluctantly or under compulsion, because God loves a cheerful giver.”

Application Question: How much should we give? What principles should guide our giving?

Unfortunately, many in the church think that we are only required to give our tithe—ten percent—to the Lord. However, Scripture teaches that New Testament believers are not under the Old Testament law which includes the tithe (cf. Gal 3:25, Rom 6:14). The tithe is just a great place for us to start as New Covenant believers.

Scripture teaches that believers should always strive to grow in their giving. Second Corinthians 8:7 (NIV) says, “But since you excel in everything—in faith, in speech, in knowledge, in complete earnestness and in the love we have kindled in you—see that you also excel in this grace of giving.” In the same way that we always aim to grow in trusting God, sharing God’s Word, knowing God, and loving God and others, we should always aim to grow in our giving.

This is particularly true when God prospers us financially. In 1 Corinthians 16:1-2, Paul taught about giving weekly offerings. In the ESV, it says that one should give “as he may prosper.” When God increases our income, he means for us to give more to the kingdom. In all situations, we must aim to be rich or abundant in our good works and our giving for the Lord.

Application Question: What are some examples of good deeds that the wealthy should seek to excel in?

To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Pursue God’s Rewards

In this way they will save up a treasure for themselves as a firm foundation for the future and so lay hold of what is truly life.

1 Timothy 6:19

Observation Question: What two incentives does Paul give the wealthy for being generous?

To motivate the wealthy Ephesians to be generous, he tells them that abundant giving has two rewards: riches in heaven and an abundant life on earth. We’ll consider the abundant life of a believer before heavenly riches. We can discern something of what it means to “take hold of the life that is truly life” by considering some of the earthly blessings God promises to givers. Second Corinthians 9:7-8 (NIV) says,

Each of you should give what you have decided in your heart to give, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. And God is able to bless you abundantly, so that in all things at all times, having all that you need, you will abound in every good work.

Observation Question: What blessings does God promise the cheerful giver in 2 Corinthians 9:7-8, which pictures something of what it means to take hold of life that is truly life?

  1. Paul says God loves a cheerful giver. One might ask, “Doesn’t God love everyone and especially all believers?” Yes, in one sense. Paul seems to be talking about a special love and therefore intimacy that comes to those who are givers. When we give, we experience God’s pleasure and intimacy.
  2. Paul says God will provide all that we “need.” No doubt, this means that believers who don’t give cheerfully often experience lack (Mal 3:8-11). They lack because they are not seeking first God’s kingdom (Matt 6:33), as demonstrated by their sparse giving.
  3. Paul says that one will “abound in every good work.” These good works include marriage, parenting, discipleship, evangelism, work, studying the Bible, etc. God provides tremendous grace to those who excel in giving. His grace overflows in every good work.

For those who give, they take hold of what is true life—they live the life God planned for them.

Heavenly Riches

With that said, the rewards for giving are not confined to this life but continue into eternity. God promises eternal riches to those who are givers. Consider these verses:

Sell your possessions and give to the poor. Provide yourselves purses that do not wear out—a treasure in heaven that never decreases, where no thief approaches and no moth destroys. For where your treasure is, there your heart will be also.

Luke 12:33-34

… “One thing you still lack. Sell all that you have and give the money to the poor, and you will have treasure in heaven. Then come, follow me.”

Luke 18:22

And I tell you, make friends for yourselves by how you use worldly wealth, so that when it runs out you will be welcomed into the eternal homes.

Luke 16:9

Kent Hughes said this, “Those who give never suffer loss but get richer and richer and richer in the age to come. Incredible incentive!”7

Application Question: Have you ever considered the rewards of being a giver? How does the prospect of reward affect your giving?

Stewards of God’s Word

After focusing on the believer’s stewardship of wealth, he focuses on the stewardship of God’s Word. This is our greatest stewardship. Second Timothy 2:15 (ESV) says, “Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth.”

God will one day approve those who faithfully work hard to correctly handle God’s truth. Only shame awaits those who have been lazy and unfaithful with it.

How can we be faithful stewards of God’s Word?

To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word, We Must Guard It

O Timothy, protect what has been entrusted to you

1 Timothy 6:20

As mentioned, the word “entrusted” was used of keeping valuables in a safe place.8 This refers back to 1 Timothy 6:12 where Timothy was commanded to “Fight the good fight of the faith.” Timothy was to protect or guard the Christian message that had been passed on to him. He was to keep it from corruption and tampering and pass it on to others.

Application Question: How can believers guard the faith that has been entrusted to them?

1. Believers guard the faith by treasuring it.

Job 23:12 says, “I have not departed from the commands of his lips; I have treasured the words of his mouth more than my allotted portion.” The reason most Christians don’t read or study the Word of God is simply because they don’t treasure it. They treasure other things over the Word of God—entertainment, social media, education, work, friends, etc. If we are going to guard something, we must first treasure it.

Do you treasure God’s Word?

2. Believers guard the faith by believing it.

This should go without saying, but many Christians don’t believe the Word (cf. John 3:32-33). They don’t believe what it says about creation, gender-roles, abortion, homosexuality, or a host of other topics. If we don’t believe the Word, then we can’t guard it.

3. Believers guard the faith by obeying it.

If we don’t obey the Word, we push people away from what we profess. We scatter instead of gathering people to Christ (Lk 11:23). Are you obeying God’s Word?

4. Believers guard the faith by studying it.

If we don’t know what it teaches, it cannot be guarded. In the KJV, 2 Timothy 2:15 says, “Study to show thyself approved…” God approves those who study and meditate on his Word. He blesses them and makes them like trees which bear fruit in season and prosper in everything (Psalm 1:2-3).

Do you faithfully study God’s Word?

5. Believers guard the faith by passing it on to others.

Second Timothy 2:2 says, “And entrust what you heard me say in the presence of many others as witnesses to faithful people who will be competent to teach others as well.” In this passage, we see four generations of Christians: Paul, Timothy, reliable people, and others. The faith is always just one generation away from being lost. If we don’t teach it to others, then we are not guarding the faith; in fact, we contribute to it being lost.

Are you passing God’s Word on to others?

6. Believers guard the faith by contending for it against false teaching.

Jude 1:3 says, “Dear friends, although I have been eager to write to you about our common salvation, I now feel compelled instead to write to encourage you to contend earnestly for the faith that was once for all entrusted to the saints.” Satan has attacked and twisted God’s Word since the beginning in the Garden of Eden, and he still seeks to do so. He denies the inerrancy of Scripture—teaching others that it is full of errors and not to be trusted. He teaches that faith alone cannot save someone—they need baptism, giving, or other good works.

Believers guard the truth by confronting the lies of Satan and delivering others from them. Paul declared that anyone who proclaimed another gospel was accursed (Gal 1:8). He did not compromise like so many today who guard nothing, as they declare tolerance or unity—opening the door for the enemy.

Are you guarding the Word of God? In order to be a faithful steward, you must.

Application Question: What keeps most people from guarding God’s Word?

To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word, We Must Reject False Doctrine

Avoid the profane chatter and absurdities of so-called “knowledge.” By professing it, some have strayed from the faith. Grace be with you all.

1 Timothy 6:20b-21

Observation Question: How does Paul describe false teaching?

Paul calls for Timothy and the Ephesians to turn away from false teaching. Obviously, some were welcoming and accepting it, maybe in the name of tolerance. False teaching tends to spread like a disease. Paul compares it to gangrene in 2 Timothy 2:17. Believers must turn away from it because it is extremely dangerous.

He describes false teaching in several ways:

  1. He calls it “profane chatter”—meaning that it doesn’t lead to a godly life.
  2. He calls it “absurdities” or “contradictions” (ESV)—meaning that it always teaches something in opposition to the whole of Scripture.
  3. He calls it “so-called ‘knowledge’”—meaning that those who promote it declare that it is truth or maybe even a new revelation outside of the Bible.
  4. Finally, he says that it led some to stray from the faith. It led people to apostasize from Christ and his church.

Because this is one of Satan’s primary weapons against the church, Christians must pay close attention to any teaching they hear. Like the Bereans, they must continually test what they hear against God’s Word (Acts 17:11). They must turn away from false teaching, which like leaven spreads quickly through the church (cf. 1 Cor 5:6, Matt 16:11-12). Here is an example of this, as shared by The Teacher’s Outline and Study Bible:

The setting was a Bible conference where a variety of speakers were invited to address the participants. One of the speakers was a man noted for his deep scholarship and quick wit. Popular across the country as a Christian keynote speaker, his address shocked the people who heard him. His opinion was that God had changed His mind about a few things since the Bible was written thousands of years ago. For example...

  • Sin is really not a problem anymore. After all, our cultural values have been up-dated.
  • Homosexuality is simply an issue of sexual preference.
  • There are errors in the Bible. We need an inner-guide to show us what is true and to understand the wisdom of the great writers down through the ages, the words of ancient men.

One by one, people began to whisper to each other. ”Did you hear what I heard? What should we do? Would it be rude to get up and leave? Do you think he could be right? After all, he is a respected authority on the Bible.” After a while, the brave ones began to close their notebooks and make their way to the exits. But many more sat in their seats, soaking up the deception of the false teacher.9

Sadly, this is all too common: sin is acceptable, homosexuality is just a preference, and the Bible is full of errors. When teachers attack the authority of the Bible, it then opens the way to discredit what the Bible teaches—leading people astray.

If we are going to be good stewards of God’s Word, we must turn away from what is falsely called knowledge and turn others away as well.

Application Question: In what ways have you seen or experienced false teaching? What are some prevalent false teachings in the church today?

To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word and Wealth, We Must Rely on God’s Grace

Grace be with you all.

1 Timothy 6:21

Finally, Paul closes with “Grace be with you all.” This grace applies to the instructions in the whole letter including being good stewards of the Word of God and wealth. If we are going to be good stewards of God’s riches, it can only be done through God’s unmerited favor. We cannot do it on our own.

No doubt, Timothy who was timid needed to hear this, as he tried to guard the faith against the false teachers in the church. We need to hear this as well.

In John 15:5, Christ said, “‘I am the vine; you are the branches. The one who remains in me—and I in him—bears much fruit, because apart from me you can accomplish nothing.” To be faithful stewards both of God’s Word and wealth, we must rely on God. He will enable us.

If we have been unfaithful with his wealth and his Word, we must repent of our sins and pray for grace. God will enable us to faithfully steward his riches. Thank you, Lord. Amen.

Application Question: Why is God’s grace so important in living the Christian life? How can we have more of God’s grace (cf. James 4:6)?

Conclusion

How can we be good stewards of God’s riches—his wealth and his Word?

  1. To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Be Humble
  2. To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Put Our Hope in God and Not Wealth
  3. To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Enjoy God’s Gifts
  4. To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Be Rich in Good Deeds and Sacrificial Giving
  5. To Be Good Stewards of Wealth, We Must Pursue God’s Rewards
  6. To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word, We Must Guard It
  7. To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word, We Must Reject False Doctrine
  8. To Be Good Stewards of God’s Word and Wealth, We Must Rely on God’s Grace

1 Stott, J. R. W. (1996). Guard the truth: the message of 1 Timothy & Titus (p. 163). Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press.

2 Hughes, R. K., & Chapell, B. (2000). 1 & 2 Timothy and Titus: to guard the deposit (pp. 158–159). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

3 Accessed 9/24/16 from https://irememberthepoor.org/3-2/

4 Wiersbe, W. W. (1996). The Bible exposition commentary (Vol. 2, p. 238). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

5 Hughes, R. K., & Chapell, B. (2000). 1 & 2 Timothy and Titus: to guard the deposit (p. 163). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

6 Accessed 9/26/2016 from https://bible.org/seriespage/lesson-25-how-be-good-and-rich-1-timothy-617-21

7 Hughes, R. K., & Chapell, B. (2000). 1 & 2 Timothy and Titus: to guard the deposit (p. 163). Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books.

8 MacArthur, J. F., Jr. (1995). 1 Timothy (p. 289). Chicago: Moody Press.

9 Teacher’s Outline and Study Bible - Commentary - Teacher’s Outline and Study Bible – 1 Timothy: The Teacher’s Outline and Study Bible.

Related Topics: Christian Life, Finance, Tithing

The Bible Teacher’s Guide, First Timothy: Becoming a Good Minister of Christ Jesus

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How can we become good ministers of Christ Jesus? In 1 Timothy, Paul writes his protégé Timothy, who is overseeing the church in Ephesus, to encourage him to complete the work God called him to (1 Tim 1:18-19). False teachers had infiltrated the congregation, church members were looking down on Timothy because of his youth, and Timothy was frequently sick with stomach ailments. There were many obstacles to discourage and make him want to quit. Throughout the letter, Paul encourages Timothy to be faithful (1 Tim 4:14-16, 6:11-12), instructs him on how the church of the living God should be run (1 Tim 3:15), and on how to be a good minister of Christ Jesus (1 Tim 4:6).

Although 1 Timothy is often called a pastoral epistle, it doesn’t just speak to pastors. It speaks to all of us, because we’re all called to ministry. It instructs us on issues like combatting false teaching (Ch. 1), prayer and worship (Ch. 2), church organization (Ch. 3), the minister’s life and doctrine (Ch. 4), the mercy ministry of the church (Ch. 5), and the believer’s relationship with money (Ch. 6), among other things. It also encourages us to complete our God-given tasks, amidst various obstacles (cf. 1 Tim 1:18-19, 4:12). As we read it, we are challenged, like Timothy, to become good ministers of Christ Jesus, at a time when the church desperately needs them. Let’s study it together with The Bible Teacher’s Guide.

Copyright © 2017, 2018 (2nd Edition) Gregory Brown

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The Net Pastor's Journal, Eng Ed, Issue 27 Spring 2018

Spring 2018 Edition

Author: Dr. Roger Pascoe, President,
The Institute for Biblical Preaching
Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 519-620-2375

Part I: Preparing For Preaching

“Finalizing Your Sermon”

A. Finalizing The Manuscript

There has been much debate over the years about whether preachers should use full sermon manuscripts in the pulpit, or a sermon brief, or sermon notes, or nothing.

1. A Full Manuscript

Unless you have had considerable preaching experience, I recommend that you write out your sermons in full, even if you don’t take the full manuscript into the pulpit with you.

2. A Sermon Brief

I use a sermon brief. By “sermon brief” I mean amplified notes, a partial manuscript, summary paragraphs.

Key Features Of A Sermon Brief Are:

  • Write the “lead” sentences in full

Indent supporting material underneath the lead sentences. This can be in note form.

  • Write illustrations in full.

I inset them within a border to easily identify them.

  • Write applications in idea form to jog your memory

Like illustrations, I inset applications in a border to easily identify them. This also helps you to assess whether you are making applications at the appropriate points in your sermons and how much of your sermon is application.

When preaching applications you can afford to be more extemporaneous, but make sure you have thought them through beforehand. Applications are very important. Be sure to make them contemporary and relevant.

  • Write out the introduction in full

Memorize your introduction - at least the introductory “attention-getter”. Be sure that your “sermon-in-a-sentence” is carefully, succinctly, and accurately stated.

  • Write out your closing in full

Carefully think through how you will make your final appeal at the end of your sermon and how you will ask the people to respond.

  • Write out all your transitions between main points in full

Transitions between segments of your sermon are a very important aspect of preaching. This makes sure that the people follow you - i.e. so that they know how you progressed from one main point to the next.

There Are Several Advantages To Using A Sermon Brief:

a) It gives me all the crucial data I need without forcing me to take the time to write the whole sermon out word-for-word.

b) It prevents me from falling into the trap of over preparation.

c) It prevents me from reading my sermon.

d) It sets out the road map of the sermon so that I do not get off course or forget important points.

e) It provides me with the right words at the right times (e.g. for main points and explanatory material).

f) It links me to other Scriptures which I might not remember otherwise.

g) It marks out appropriate illustrations at appropriate points.

h) It focuses me on the applications at the appropriate points.

i) It prompts me with the transitions when needed which I might otherwise forget.

j) It regulates the length of the sermon.

Even Though You May Not Write A Full Manuscript, Make Sure…

  • That your sermon brief includes carefully thought-out words, phrases, imagery etc. as you usually cannot think of the right words on the spot.
  • That your sermon brief follows carefully scripted sermon sections (introduction, main points, illustrations, application, closing)
  • That your sermon brief is written in such a format that you never appear to be reading.

Conclusion. Whatever form of manuscript or notes that you end up taking with you into the pulpit, remember that sermons are an offering to God which have eternal impact on the lives of people and, therefore, are worthy of careful preparation.

B. Finalizing The Message

Preparing to preach involves more than writing a manuscript. Your manuscript needs to become a message from God which you deliver to the people. Therefore, once preparation of the manuscript has been completed…

1. Prayerfully Review The Message

Make any last minute changes in grammar, theology, exegesis, illustration, applications, wording etc. Test the whole sermon:

  • Is it biblical, accurate, and clear?
  • Are the illustrations true?
  • Are the applications relevant?
  • Is everything necessary?
  • Does every point contribute?

Eliminate what is not needed, true, accurate, or necessary. Familiarize yourself with the layout and content and flow-of-thought of the sermon. Add anything that is needed to strengthen it. Make sure that someone who has never heard this message would be able to understand it and follow it.

2. Prayerfully Relate The Message (Preach It To Yourself)

Relate the sermon first to yourself (before you preach it to your people), in terms of application and obedience. We have no right to preach a sermon we have not obeyed ourselves. This is the incarnational process. Make sure that you own the message.

3. Prayerfully Rehearse The Message (Pray Through It Before God)

As you pray, go over the entire sermon before God. Meditatively rehearse the sermon – pray the message to God asking him to show you anything that should be changed or eliminated, and anything that you need to obey, confess, or apply to your own life. This solemn discipline will reveal whether or not further adjustments need to be made or if you have His approval. Only then are you ready to preach. In your prayer, I suggest that you offer your sermon to God as a sacrifice, asking that it may be well-pleasing to Him.

4. Conclusion

As the messenger of the Lord, employ whatever pulpit method puts you at ease and makes you most effective in communicating God’s Word. “Be diligent to present yourself approved to God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.” Then go out and “Preach the Word.”

C. Final Review

1. Every Sermon Has Four Essential Components In Its Structure

A) An Introduction

This is where you gain the attention of your audience, state your subject, proposition (“sermon-in-a-sentence”), and connect to the audience and to the Word.

B) A Body (Exposition)

The body of your sermon consists of explanatory material, which is usually divided up into main points, illustrations, and applications.

C) A Summation Or Wrap-Up

This is where you bring your sermon to a conclusion through condensation, exhortation, and invitation (see the Winter 2018 edition of this Journal).

D) Transitionary Sentences

Transitionary sentences help you make smooth and logical transition between the main parts of a sermon – between the introduction and the body of the sermon; between the main points of the sermon; and between the body and the closing.

2. Every Sermon Has Four Challenges

a) To stretch the mind = teach, inform, knowledge of God, biblical worldview

b) To stir, soften, touch the heart = affection, relationship with Christ

c) To stimulate, sensitize, prick the conscience = confession, holiness of life

d) To shape, subdue the will = obedience, submission to the will of God

Review every sermon to ensure that it fulfills all four of these challenges.

3. Keep In Mind Three Important Elements

a) Your theme / subject – this provides unity

“What is the dominating theme?” (the big idea of the sermon, the subject, the sermon-in-a-sentence). Ask yourself, “What am I going to say about the subject?”

b) Your thoughts – these provide structure and movement

“What are the integrating thoughts?” (the main points). What thoughts expose the theme / subject? State the thoughts in “principlized” form.

c) Your thrust – this provides direction and purpose

“What is the motivating thrust?” (the purpose of the sermon). What does the truth demand? What do you want them to do? What application are you going to make?

Part II: Preaching The Message

“From Start to Finish”

It is instructive that the apostle Paul, at the end of his epistles to the Colossians and to the Ephesians, asks for prayer concerning his preaching ability, clarity, opportunities, and courage.

“Praying also for us, that God would open to us a door for the word, to speak the mystery of Christ, for which I am also in chains, that I may make it manifest, as I ought to speak.” (Col. 4:3-4)

“And (praying) for me, that utterance may be given to me, that I may open my mouth boldly to make known the mystery of the gospel, for which I am an ambassador in chains; that in it I may speak boldly, as I ought to speak” (Eph. 6:19-20)

In both passages, Paul repeats the phrase “as I ought to speak.” There is an “oughtness” about preaching:

1. “How” we ought to preach - with “boldness,” courage, passion. This comes only when we are empowered by the Holy Spirit to overcome our weakness and protected by the Holy Spirit in conflict with spiritual enemies.

2. “When” we ought to preach - “open doors,” opportunities.

3. “What” we ought to preach - “the mystery of Christ”; the mystery of the gospel.

4. “Why” we ought to preach - “to make the mystery known”. If we don’t make it known, who will? If we don’t make it known, it will be hidden and remain a mystery. In this sense, preaching is prophetic (revealing the truth of God) and apocalyptic (unveiling the truth).

5. “As I ought to preach” indicates strongly the very necessity and responsibility of preaching.

Foundational to the oughtness of preaching is prayer. We need to pray about our preaching and we need others to pray for us about it. Only with the enablement of the Holy Spirit can we preach in such a way that others will understand clearly, be convicted spiritually, and respond appropriately. Paul asks that “utterance” be given to him – to speak the very words of God. Thus, we are to “preach the Word” (2 Tim. 4:2; cf. 1 Tim. 2:7). Clear, bold, relevant preaching of the gospel comes only from the unction of the Holy Spirit and prayer. When the Holy Spirit enables and empowers us, we will preach with courage, fluency, passion, conviction, and clarity.

A. Initial Remarks

Your initial remarks set the tone and really determine whether people are going to listen to you or not. They reveal something about yourself. People get this 6th sense about you from your opening comments. So, think them through and speak them wisely. You will either make it or break it here. If you lose the attention of your listeners here it is very hard to get them back.

Initial remarks form a transition from what went before to what is coming. It is always good to tie the previous part of the service together with your sermon by making remarks about something that was said or done before your sermon – e.g. by complimenting or thanking a worship team or sound system operator; or, by picking up on something that was already said or sung that is a natural transition into your topic.

It is very good practice to thank everyone who has been involved in the service as well as all those who minister in the church in various ways – e.g. teaching Sunday school classes, looking after little babies. Public recognition is good and proper.

Stay away from the common propensity to tell a joke. Jokes are fraught with danger and are usually unrelated to what you are going to preach on.

Be brief with these initial remarks.

B. The Introduction

In preaching the introduction, make sure that it moves smoothly from the initial remarks to the start of the exposition.

Make sure that your introduction fulfills the purpose of an introduction – for help with this, see the 2018 Winter edition of this journal.

Somewhere in your introduction or initial remarks, remember to pray. It’s amazing how many preachers do not pray before they preach and some don’t pray at all.

If it has not been read earlier in the service, find an appropriate place to read your passage. I like to read my own passage at the time I preach, rather than have someone else read it earlier. This way, the sermon is directly tied to the passage. Be very careful how you read the text. Practice reading it. Read it meaningfully, slowly, expressively (but not unnaturally), lay emphasis where appropriate to give meaning. Make use of pauses for meaning, paragraph breaks, and emphasis. It’s good to ask the audience to stand for the reading of God’s Word.

Keep the introduction short – I suggest not more than about 10 to 15% of the whole sermon (i.e. 3 – 5 minutes).

C. The Exposition (Body Of The Sermon)

The exposition consists of a continual interplay between explanation, illustration, and application. Explanation of the text helps your audience to understand the original author’s meaning. Illustrations serve to clarify and strengthen the explanation – to make it more vivid, real, understandable, relevant, contemporary. So, illustrations are really a subset of explanation. Application makes the meaning relevant to and practical in life.

1. Explanation

Generally, explanation is the part of the sermon which is done the worst:

  • because this takes a lot of preparation time and it’s hard work
  • because preachers today want to go straight to the application or the “how-to”
  • because preachers seem to want to use the text merely as a bridge to the topic they want to speak on.

Make sure that you do a good job of explanation. Carefully identify the principles and show how they are drawn from the text. If you don’t explain the “what” of the text, you can’t effectively and powerfully apply the “how” or “why” of the text. Instruction always comes before action; principle always precedes and lays the foundation for practice; doctrine comes before and issues in duty.

2. Application

Application is best done as you go along rather than at the end of your sermon. If you leave application to the end:

  • it is divorced from the text from which it is derived.
  • it becomes routine, so that the people know when it is coming and they can shut off their ears.

While your explanation needs to be done accurately and well, make sure that you do not get stuck in explanation. You need to bridge from the text to the everyday lives of the people. They must be reached with God’s word.

There are four major principles involved in properly applying the sermon:

(a) The personal principle

This is the principle of the preacher applying the Scripture to his own life. If you preach to others what you have not applied to your own life, you will not preach with power. Not only does God know when you do this, but the people will know also. The preacher must preach what he believes and he must live it.

(b) The imagination principle

To properly apply the text, it must become real to you. The people, places, and emotions must come alive to you. If it is alive for you, then it makes it easier for you to make it real for other people and see how it applies to them.

(c) The stretch principle

As we preach to people over a period of time and guide them, the preacher gets to know them better – their fears, their needs, their hopes. Our knowledge of the people, where they live and who they are, allows us to stretch the application of the Scriptures to cover as many of these areas as possible. This does not give license for using the text inappropriately or inaccurately. There is only one interpretation of Scripture, but there are many applications to human experiences and problems.

(d) The declarative principle

The application of the text must be declared with authority and clarity. There must be no uncertainty about the application of the text. The people come to church for clear direction, to find out what God says, how they must live, and how they can get help for their problems. Therefore, the applications must be overtly declared so that the people are not left hanging or wondering what the point was.

3. Illustrations

Use illustrations wisely and appropriately. Make sure that they illustrate the point you are making. If you have to explain your illustration, it isn’t the right one.

Try to avoid falling into some of the following common traps:

  • Using too many illustrations so that the entire sermon becomes an extended illustration.
  • Using illustrations in such a way that they dominate the sermon.
  • Long illustrations. Illustrations should be succinct, to the point, readily understandable.

4. The Close

This is the climax of the sermon. This is where you pull together the proposition (sermon-in-a-sentence) with the explanation and the actualization of the truth in the lives of the people. This is where the rubber meets the road in preaching. This, along with the introduction, is probably the toughest part of the sermon to do well.

In your close, try to…

  • crystallize the sermon – i.e. summarize it.
  • personalize the sermon – i.e. be direct and personal. Use “you” if possible.
  • actualize the sermon – spell out the response that the message demands and that you expect.

Thus, the close is by definition confrontational. In fact, all prophetic preaching is confrontational. You are saying, “This is what the word of the Lord says - now this is what you need to do about it.”

The response you call for may be:

  • a change of attitude or practice
  • a deeper love for God and for people
  • the confession of sin
  • repaired relationships
  • strengthened belief and faith
  • new understanding of truth
  • etc. etc.

Prepare the close very carefully and strategically. Do not introduce new material here. Spell out how you want them to respond – e.g. by…

  • coming to the front
  • silent prayer
  • standing where they are
  • raising a hand
  • speaking to you after the service etc.

Give time for response.

5. Transitions

Transitions make the communication of the message unified, smooth, logical, comprehensible. Don’t underestimate the value of and need for transitions between the various points and sections of your sermon. I recommend that you write out every transition in full.

6. The Sermon As A Whole

A good sermon will flow smoothly and progress steadily to the close. It will have movement – progression of argument, explanation, application, exhortation etc. When you have made your point, move on! It will be balanced between the sections of the sermon (introduction, exposition, and close) and balanced between main points so that one point is not 90% of the sermon. It will have pace – like a marching band, it will not race at one point and crawl at another, but it will steadily move toward the goal.

Use words sparingly and precisely. Search for words that give the most precise nuance possible to accurately express what you want to say. Remember, many preachers are too wordy. Speaking longer than necessary turns your listeners off. Be precise so that there is no vagueness or confusion. Develop word pictures, analogies, contrasts that embed the idea in the mind. Be colourful.

Part III: Devotional Exposition

“The Call to Church Order” (1 Cor. 4:6-21)

By: Dr. Stephen F. Olford

Introduction These verses bring to a close Paul’s treatment of divisions in the church. You will remember that he has not only thoroughly dealt with the curse, but also with the causes of these divisions in the preceding chapters. Now at last he comes to the cure. For this very reason the passage before us is of supreme importance, not only to the individual Christian but especially to the life of the local church.

The section divides into two parts: The first part is characterized by the note of severity (vs. 6-13). The second part is characterized by its extreme tenderness (vs. 14-21). To put it in another form, Paul addresses his readers first with the word of correction, and then he concludes with the word of compassion. These two notes are always sounded in the presentation of the Christian message because they are the expression of the very nature of God (see Romans 11:22). This was true of the Savior’s ministry. At times there was a warning note, while on other occasions there was a winning note. Certain circumstances called for a winnowing of men and women. At other times there was a wooing of men and women. First, let us consider:

I. The Word Of Correction

“And these things, brethren, I have figuratively transferred to myself and Apollos for your sakes, that you may learn in us not to think beyond what is written…” (1 Corinthians 4:6-13). The Apostle introduces his word of correction by telling the Corinthians that he was employing Apollos and himself as illustrations of the great principles that affect the relationship between ministers, teachers, and members of the whole church. It is characteristic of Paul that he would not address his readers without involving himself. There was always a wonderful courtesy about this man. He had a way of including himself in his own warnings and condemnations. With this preamble, Paul strikes once again at the root cause and the positive cure of all division in the individual and in the corporate life of the church:

1) The Root Cause Being Sin and Self-Centeredness in the Church “…That none of you may be puffed up on behalf of one against the other” (1 Corinthians 4:6). Quite obviously the heart of this self-centeredness is this ugly thing called pride. Using a familiar phrase – “puffed up” – which occurs no less than seven times in this epistle (4:18, 19; 5:2; 8:1; 13:4), Paul shows that this pride is:

a) Unbiblical. – “…Learn in us not to think beyond what is written…” (1 Corinthians 4:6). Paul is undoubtedly referring here to the general teaching of scripture on the subject of pride. There is nothing that God hates more than the pride of the human heart. Surely the Apostle had in mind such Old Testament passages as Daniel 4:37 and Isaiah 42:8 where it is clear that “God will abase those who are proud” and “will not share His glory with another.” There are similar verses in the New Testament where it is stated “…God resists the proud, but gives grace to the humble” (James 4:6). And “Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time” (1 Peter 5:6). What a terrifying thought to realize that Almighty God sets Himself up to resist and crush pride in the human heart wherever He finds it! Until this monstrous thing is dealt with in the local church, there will always be divisions and contentions. But pride is not only unbiblical, it is also:

b) Unspiritual. – “For who makes you differ from another? And what do you have that you did not receive? Now if you did indeed receive it, why do you glory as if you had not received it?” (1 Corinthians 4:7). A proud person fails to see that God not only makes people differently, but that He also is the sole Source of both natural and spiritual endowments. It is only the unspiritual Christian who does not recognize the distinctions as well as the derivations of these gifts. So Paul, in effect, asks: “What are you so puffed up about? What do you have that God hasn’t given you? And if all you have is from God, why act as though you were so great, and as though you have accomplished something on your own?” (v.7, Living Letters). The whole trouble in the Corinthian church and in many local assemblies today, is that Christians forget that they owe their souls and their all to God alone. But Paul goes on to show, in the third place that pride is:

c) Unsociable. – “You are already full! You are already rich! You have reigned as kings without us – and indeed I wish you did reign, that we also might reign with you!” (1 Corinthians 4:8). With withering irony and holy contempt, Paul describes the unsociable state into which pride had brought these Corinthians. It was a condition of smug satisfaction, self-sufficiency, and snobbish superiority. Then Paul points out with stinging satire that such pride had estranged them from him. In the Beatitudes Jesus says that it is those who hunger and thirst after righteousness that are full, it is the weak that become rich and inherit the earth, and that it is the poor in spirit who receive the kingdom and reign. But for these Corinthians it was otherwise. What searching words these are, and yet how necessary is this divine corrective in our church life today! There is hardly a problem that arises in our religious circles which cannot be traced to this unbiblical, unspiritual, and unsociable thing called pride.

In our last study, the Apostle condemns all kinds of boasting, but here in this section he seeks to correct it, by exposing the sin of self-centeredness in the church. Having done this, he turns next to the positive cure for division in the local church:

2) The Positive Cure Being Christ-Centeredness in the Church “For I think that God has displayed us, the apostles, last, as men condemned to death…” (1 Corinthians 4:9). In the verses that follow, Paul shows that the only answer to self-centeredness is Christ-centeredness, and that the only antidote to the spirit of pride is the way of the cross. It seems as if Paul felt that he were the object of the pitiless gaze of a mocking world in the arena of life. To explain what he meant Paul describes the way of the cross in terms of:

a) Mental Suffering. – “We are fools for Christ’s sake, but you are wise in Christ! We are weak, but you are strong! You are distinguished, but we are dishonored!” (1 Corinthians 4:10). With an ironical play on words, Paul contrasts the sufferings of the servants of God with the sophistication of the Corinthian believers. Because Paul and his brethren were associated with the cross of Christ, they had become a spectacle to the world, to angels, and to men – that they had been exhibited on a vast theater stage for all and sundry to mock and scorn. I wonder, are you and I willing to be ridiculed for our message? How many of us are tempted to compromise the gospel because it is unpopular and despised?

The way of the cross involves not only mental suffering, however, but also:

b) Physical Suffering. – “Even unto the present hour we both hunger and thirst, and we are poorly clothed, beaten, and homeless” (1 Corinthians 4:11). Paul is quite obviously referring to something he was experiencing at the very time of writing. True, he had suffered in the past, but he says “Even unto this present hour…” Here are four things we take for granted as the basic necessities of life – food, clothing, protection, and shelter; but Paul was lacking in all of these. Yet, indeed, he labored with his own hands (v. 12). The Apostle had been taught to make tents of goat hair (Acts 18:3), but such manual labor was despised among the Greeks. The fact that he had so engaged in it at Corinth caused misgivings among the saints (see 2 Corinthians 11:7). But this is the way of the cross, and we must not forget it.

Paul climaxes this paragraph by combining the two aspects of his suffering by saying, “…Being defamed, we entreat. We have bee made as the filth of the world, the off scouring of all things until this day” (1 Corinthians 4:13). As he began, so he concludes – with a striking metaphor taken from human sacrifices in a Greek city. When criminals were sacrificed to appease the wrath of the gods, the poor wretches were thrown into the sea, and this is the word Paul uses to describe himself. Literally, the sentence reads: “We are made as the rinsings and the scrapings of all things.” In a word, we are nothing but garbage.

I wonder how many of us are prepared to walk the way of the cross. It may not fall our lot to experience physical hardship in this affluent society, but we are all called to suffer mentally for Christ’s sake, for if we are true to our message of Christ crucified, we shall be the world’s rejects, objects of laughter, scorn, and ridicule. Here then is the word of correction that Paul addresses to the Corinthian church. But with this note of severity he also sounds the note of tenderness, and the paragraph concludes with:

II. The Word Of Compassion

You can sense the Apostle’s heart of love as he addresses his readers as his “beloved children.” “I do not write these things to shame you, but as my beloved children I warn you…” (1 Corinthians 4:14-21). Paul’s approach here is completely different. The word of correction is now followed by the word of compassion. The charge of the Apostle has given way to the appeal of a father. And so it should be in all ministry. Severity is needed, but it must always be followed by the message of tenderness. So the great Apostle admonishes them on the basis of:

1) A Parental Relationship in Christ “For though you might have ten thousand instructors in Christ, yet you do not have many fathers; for in Christ Jesus I have begotten you through the gospel. Therefore I urge you, be followers of me” (1 Corinthians 4:15-16). Having addressed them as beloved sons, Paul assures that it is not his design to make them hang their heads in shame, but rather to admonish them. As a father, he wants them to be brought up “in the nurture and admonition of the Lord” (Ephesians 6:4). In the previous paragraph he has dealt with them as an instructor, but now he wants to speak to them as a father. An instructor was essentially a disciplinarian who was responsible for the supervision of a boy’s dress, food, speech, and manners during his minority. But Paul wants them to now act as grown sons (v. 16). Needless to say, Paul only wanted the Corinthians to imitate him to the extent that he followed Christ. This was a challenge to mature living (his own and theirs) as opposed to the childish behavior they had been expressing. What a word to you and me! It is time we grew up and left behind our babyhood! Paul continues his appeal on the basis of:

2) A Personal Remembrance in Christ “For this reason I have sent Timothy to you, who is my beloved and faithful son in the Lord, who will remind you of my ways in Christ, as I teach everywhere in every church” (1 Corinthians 4:17). The Corinthians had overlooked many of the truths that he had taught them. So Timothy was coming to remind them of teachings, helping them to be worthy sons and daughters of God. This ministry of remembrance is underestimated in our Christian experience. Indeed, a great part of the preacher’s responsibility is to remind us of truths that have been forgotten or neglected (see 2 Peter 3:1). This is one great function of the Holy Spirit in this age, “to bring to our remembrance” the things the Lord has taught us in times past. So also the Lord’s Table is designed to remind us repeatedly of the central truths of the gospel and the soon return of Christ. The heart that responds to the ministry of remembrance, however, is one that has been broken at the cross and is ready to accept not only the word of correction, but also the word of compassion. Finally, Paul presents his appeal on the basis of:

3) A Pastoral Responsibility in Christ “What do you want? Shall I come to you with a rod, or in love and a spirit of gentleness?” (1 Corinthians 4:21). Knowing that there would still be some proud people in Corinth (v. 18), Paul climaxes his compassionate appeal with this note of authority. He tells them that if the Lord wills, he will come to them and then discover whether or not there was, in fact, arrogant opposition in Corinth or mere idle talk (v. 19). He reminds them that the kingdom of God is not just talking, but living in the power of the risen Christ (v. 20). God has provided every means by which Christians should live as responsible men and women. This is the whole purpose of the cross of Christ and the whole power of the resurrection.

Conclusion: So Paul concludes with the words: “What do you want? Shall I come to you with a rod, or I love and a spirit of gentleness?” (1 Corinthians 4:21). He gives them a choice whether they will receive him as a father in the spirit of love and meekness. Paul’s love for his children in the faith was no blind, easy, sentimental love. On the contrary, it was a love that knew that sometimes discipline is necessary and when it was, he was prepared to exercise it. There is a love that can ruin a person, by shutting his eyes to his faults. At the same time, there is a love that can make a man, by bringing him face to face with truth as it is in Christ Jesus. The cure for divisions in the Church is the acceptance of the word of correction, which smashes our pride and leads us to walk in the pathway of the cross. It is also the acceptance of the word of compassion, which encourages us to live, learn, and love as grownup sons of God. Are you prepared to meet these terms, and so know the peace and joy of doing the Father’s will?

Part IV: Sermon Outlines

To listen to the audio version of these sermons in English, click on these links: Link 1 - Jn. 15:12-13; Link 2 - Jn. 15:14-17, Link 3 - Jn. 16:5-15

Title 1: Five characteristics of a true disciple (Jn. 15:1-17)

Note: See the 2018 Winter edition of this Journal for points 1-3 (John 15:1-11).

Point #4: The fourth characteristic of a true disciple is… loving (12-13)

Point #5: The fifth characteristic of a true disciple is… knowing (14-17)

Title 2: The Coming of the Holy Spirit (Jn. 16:5-15)

Point #1: Jesus sent the Holy Spirit to be our Helper / Comforter (5-7)

Point #2: Jesus sent the Holy Spirit to convict the world (8-11)

Point #3: Jesus sent the Holy Spirit to guide believers into all truth (12-15)

Related Topics: Pastors

La Revue Internet Des Pasteurs, Fre Ed 27, Edition du printemps 2018

Edition Printemps 2018

“Renforcer l’Église dans la prédication et le leadership bibliques “

Author: Dr. Roger Pascoe, President,
The Institute for Biblical Preaching
Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 519-620-2375

Partie I: Se Preparer A La Predication

“Conclure votre Sermon”

A. Finaliser Le Manuscrit

Il y a eu beaucoup de débats au cours des années sur la question de savoir si les prédicateurs devraient utiliser des manuscrits de sermons complets sur la chaire, ou un bref sermon, ou des notes de sermons, ou ne rien utiliser.

1. Un Manuscrit Complet

À moins que vous ayez eu une expérience considérable de prédication, je vous recommande d'écrire vos sermons en entier, même si vous ne prenez pas le manuscrit complet sur la chaire avec vous.

2. Un Resume De Sermon

J'utilise un résumé de sermon. Par « résumé de sermon», je veux dire des notes partielles, un manuscrit partiel, des paragraphes de synthèse.

Les principales caractéristiques d'un résumé de sermon sont:

  • Écrivez les phrases «principales» en entier

Découper le matériel sous les phrases principales. Cela peut être sous forme de note.

  • Écrire des illustrations en entier.

Je les insère dans une bordure pour les identifier facilement.

  • Rédiger des applications sous forme d'idée pour vous rafraîchir la mémoire

Comme les illustrations, j'insère des applications dans une bordure pour les identifier facilement. Cela vous aide également à évaluer si vous faites des applications au moment approprié de vos sermons et quelle partie de votre sermon est une application.

Lorsque vous prêchez des applications, vous pouvez vous permettre d'être plus extemporané, mais assurez-vous d'avoir réfléchi au préalable. Les applications sont très importantes. Assurez-vous de les rendre contemporains et pertinents.

  • Écrivez l'introduction en entier

Mémorisez votre introduction - au moins l'introducteur "attention-getter". Assurez-vous que votre "sermon-en-une-phrase" est soigneusement, succinctement et correctement déclarée.

  • Ecrivez votre conclusion en entier

Réfléchissez soigneusement à la façon dont vous ferez votre dernier appel à la fin de votre sermon et comment vous demanderez aux gens de réagir.

  • Ecrivez complètement toutes vos transitions entre les principaux points.

Les transitions entre les segments de votre sermon sont un aspect très important de la prédication. Cela vous assure que les gens vous suivent, c’est à dire qu'ils savent comment vous avez progressé d'un point principal à l'autre.

There are several advantages to using a sermon brief:

a) It gives me all the crucial data I need without forcing me to take the time to write the whole sermon out word-for-word.

b) It prevents me from falling into the trap of over preparation.

c) It prevents me from reading my sermon.

L'utilisation d'un résumé de sermon présente plusieurs avantages:

a)Cela me donne toutes les données cruciales dont j'ai besoin sans me forcer à prendre le temps d'écrire tout le sermon mot pour mot.

b) Cela m'empêche de tomber dans le piège de la préparation excessive.

c) Cela m'empêche de passer le temps à lire mon sermon.

d) Il établit la feuille de route du sermon pour ne pas dévier de sa route ou oublier des points importants.

e) Il me fournit les bonnes paroles au bon moment (par exemple pour les points principaux et le matériel explicatif).

f) Cela me relie à d'autres Écritures dont je ne me souviendrais peut-être pas autrement.

g) Il marque les illustrations appropriées aux points appropriés.

h) Il me focalise sur les applications aux points appropriés.

i) Cela m'indique les transitions en cas de besoin que je pourrais sinon oublier.

j) Il règle la longueur du sermon.

Même si vous ne pouvez pas écrire un manuscrit complet, assurez-vous ...

  • Que votre résumé de sermon inclut des mots, des phrases, des images, etc., soigneusement réfléchis, car vous ne pouvez généralement pas penser aux mots appropriés.
  • Que votre résumé de sermon suive des sections de sermons soigneusement écrites (introduction, points principaux, illustrations, application, conclusion)
  • Que votre mémoire de sermon est écrit dans un format que vous ne semblez jamais lire.

Conclusion. Toutes sortes de manuscrit ou de notes que vous finissez de prendre avec vous sur la chaire, souvenez-vous que les sermons sont une offrande à Dieu qui a un impact éternel sur la vie des gens et qui méritent donc une préparation minutieuse.

B. Finaliser Le Message

Se préparer à prêcher va au-delà d'écrire un manuscrit. Votre manuscrit doit devenir un message de Dieu que vous transmettez au peuple. Par conséquent, une fois la préparation du manuscrit terminée ...

1. Examiner Le Message Dans La Priere

Faire des changements de dernière minute dans la grammaire, la théologie, l'exégèse, l'illustration, les applications, le libellé, etc. Tester tout le sermon:

  • Est-ce biblique, précis et clair?
  • Les illustrations sont-elles vraies?
  • Les applications sont-elles pertinentes?
  • Est-ce que tout est nécessaire?
  • Chaque point contribue-t-il?

Éliminer ce qui n'est pas nécessaire, vrai, précis ou nécessaire. Familiarisez-vous avec la mise en page et le contenu et le flot de pensée du sermon. Ajoutez tout ce qui est nécessaire pour le renforcer. Assurez-vous que quelqu'un qui n'a jamais entendu ce message puisse le comprendre et le suivre.

2. Relier Le Message Dans La Riere (prêchez-le à vous-même)

Reliez le sermon d'abord à vous-même (avant de le prêcher à votre peuple), en termes d'application et d'obéissance. Nous n'avons pas le droit de prêcher un sermon que nous n'avons pas obéi nous-mêmes. C'est le processus d'incarnation. Assurez-vous de vous appropriez du message ou que vous possédez le message.

3. Repeter Le Message Dans Un Esprit De Priere (priez pour cela devant Dieu)

En priant, passez le sermon entier devant Dieu. Répétez dans une méditation le sermon - présentez le message à Dieu en lui demandant de vous montrer tout ce qui devrait être changé ou éliminé, et tout ce dont vous avez besoin pour obéir, confesser ou appliquer à votre propre vie. Cette discipline solennelle révélera si d'autres ajustements doivent être faits ou si vous avez Son approbation. Seulement en ce moment êtes- vous prêts à prêcher. Dans votre prière, je suggère que vous offriez votre sermon à Dieu comme un sacrifice, demandant que cela puisse bien lui plaire.

4. Conclusion

En tant que messager du Seigneur, utilisez toute méthode de la chaire qui vous met à l'aise et qui vous rend le plus efficace dans la communication de la Parole de Dieu. "Soyez diligents pour vous présenter devant Dieu, comme un ouvrier qui n'a pas n’a pas à rougir, dispensant correctement la parole de la vérité." Puis sortez et "Prêchez la Parole”.

C. Revision Finale

1. Chaque Sermon A Quatre Composants Essentiels Dans Sa Structure

a) Une introduction

C'est là que vous gagnez l'attention de votre auditoire, énoncez votre sujet, votre proposition («sermon-en-une-phrase»), et vous vous connectez à l’auditoire et à la Parole.

b) Un corps (exposition ou le développement)

Le corps de votre sermon se compose du matériel explicatif, généralement divisés en points principaux, illustrations et applications.

c) Une sommation ou un résumé

C'est ici que vous tirez la conclusion de votre sermon par la condensation, l'exhortation et l'invitation (voir l'édition hiver 2018 de ce journal).

d) Les phrases transitionnelles

Les phrases transitionnelles vous aident à faire une transition douce et logique entre les parties principales d'un sermon - entre l'introduction et le développement du sermon; entre les principaux points du sermon; et entre le corps et la conclusion.

2. Chaque Sermon A Quatre Défis

a) Pour étirer l'esprit = enseigner, informer, connaître Dieu, vision biblique du monde

b) Agiter ou remuer, adoucir, toucher le coeur = affection, relation avec le Christ

c) Stimuler, sensibiliser, reveiller la conscience = confession, sainteté de vie

d) Former, soumettre la volonté = obéissance, soumission à la volonté de Dieu

Revoyez chaque sermon pour vous assurer qu'il répond à ces quatre défis.

3. Garder A L’ Esprit Trois Éléments Importants

a) Votre thème / sujet - ceci fournit l'unité

"Quel est le thème dominant?" (La grande idée du sermon, le sujet, le sermon-en-une-phrase). Demandez-vous, "Qu'est-ce que je vais dire à propos du sujet?"

b) Vos pensées - elles fournissent la structure et le mouvement

"Quelles sont les pensées intégrantes?" (Les points principaux). Quelles pensées exposent le thème / sujet? Énoncez les pensées sous une forme de le principale au secondaire».

c) Votre poussée - cela fournit une direction et un but

"Quelle est la poussée motivante?" (Le but du sermon). Qu’est-ce que la vérité demande? Que voulez-vous qu'ils fassent? Quelle application allez-vous faire.

Partie II: La Predication Du Message

“Du début à la Fin”

Il est instructif que l'apôtre Paul, à la fin de ses épîtres aux Colossiens et aux Éphésiens, demande la prière concernant sa capacité de prédication, sa clarté, ses opportunités et son courage.

«Priez en même temps pour nous, afin que Dieu nous ouvre une porte pour la parole, en sortes que je puisse annoncer le mystère du Christ, pour lequel je suis dans les chaines, et le faire connaitre comme je dois en parler, comme je dois en parler» (Col. 4: 3-4)

"Et priez pour moi, afin qu’il me soit donner quand j'ouvre la bouche, de faire connaitre hardiment et librement le mystère de l'évangile, pour lequel je suis un ambassadeur dans les chaînes; et que j’en parle avec assurance comme je dois en parler (Éphésiens 6: 19-20)

1. "Comment" nous devons prêcher - avec "hardiesse", courage, passion. Cela a lieu que lorsque nous sommes fortifiés par le Saint-Esprit à surmonter notre faiblesse et protégés par le Saint-Esprit en conflit avec les ennemis spirituels.

2. "Quand" nous devrions prêcher - "ouvrir les portes", les opportunités.

3. "Ce que" nous devrions prêcher - "le mystère du Christ"; le mystère de l'évangile.

4. "Pourquoi" nous devons prêcher - "pour faire connaître le mystère". Si nous ne le faisons pas savoir, qui le fera? Si nous ne le faisons pas connaître, il sera caché et restera un mystère. En ce sens, la prédication est prophétique (révélant la vérité de Dieu) et apocalyptique (dévoilant la vérité).

5. "Comme je dois prêcher" indique fortement la nécessité même et la responsabilité de la prédication.

Le fondement nécessaire de la prédication est la prière. Nous devons prier pour notre prédication et nous avons besoin des autres pour prier pour nous à ce sujet. Ce n'est qu'avec la capacité du Saint-Esprit que nous pouvons prêcher de manière à ce que les autres comprennent clairement, qu’ils soient convaincus spirituellement et réagissent de manière appropriée. Paul demande que Dieu lui donne de parler, (l'expression) - pour prêcher la vraie parole de Dieu. Ainsi, nous devons "prêcher la Parole" (2 Timothée 4: 2, voir 1 Timothée 2: 7). Une prédication claire, audacieuse et pertinente de l'Évangile ne vient que de l'onction du Saint-Esprit et de la prière. Lorsque le Saint-Esprit nous rend capable et nous fortifie, nous prêchons avec courage, aisance, passion, conviction et clarté.

A. Des Remarques Initiales

Vos remarques initiales donnent le ton et déterminent vraiment si les gens vont vous écouter ou non. Ils révèlent quelque chose à propos de vous. Les gens obtiennent ce sixième sens à votre sujet à partir de vos commentaires d'ouverture. Alors, réfléchissez-y et parlez-en avec sagesse. Vous allez réussir ou rater à partir de là. Si vous perdez l'attention de vos auditeurs ici, il est très difficile de les récupérer.

Les remarques initiales forment une transition entre ce qui s'est passé avant et ce qui va arriver. Il est toujours bon de lier la partie précédente du service avec votre sermon en faisant des remarques sur quelque chose qui a été dit ou fait avant votre sermon - par ex. en complimentant ou en remerciant une équipe de louange ou un opérateur de système de son; ou, en reprenant quelque chose qui a déjà été dit ou chanté, c'est une transition naturelle qui vous induit dans votre sujet.

C'est une très bonne pratique de remercier tous ceux qui ont été impliqués dans le culte ainsi que tous ceux qui exercent leur ministère dans l'église de différentes manières - par ex. ceux qui enseigner les leçons de dimanche, s'occuper des petits bébés. La reconnaissance publique est bonne et appropriée.

Méfiez-vous de la propension ou la tendance commune à raconter une blague. Les blagues sont dangereuses et ne sont généralement pas liées à ce que vous allez prêcher.

Soyez bref avec ces remarques initiales.

B. L’introduction

En prêchant l'introduction, assurez-vous que tout de passe de façon harmonieusement, des remarques initiales au début de l'exposition ou de la présentation.

Assurez-vous que votre introduction atteint le but d'une introduction - pour aider avec ceci, voyez l'édition d'hiver 2018 de cette revue.

Quelque part dans votre introduction ou vos remarques initiales, n'oubliez pas de prier. C'est incroyable de voir comment beaucoup de prédicateurs ne prient pas avant de prêcher et certains ne prient pas du tout.

Si ça n'a pas été lu plus tôt dans le culte, trouvez un endroit approprié pour lire votre passage. J'aime lire mon propre passage au moment où je prêche, plutôt que de le faire lire par quelqu'un d'autre avant. De cette façon, le sermon est directement lié au passage. Faites très attention à la façon dont vous lisez le texte. Pratiquez la lecture. Lisez-le de façon significative, lentement, d’une manière expressive (mais pas anormalement), mettez l’accent là où il faut pour donner un sens. Observez les pauses pour le sens, les paragraphes et l'emphase. Il est bon de demander à l’auditoire de se tenir debout pour la lecture de la Parole de Dieu.

Gardez l'introduction courte - je suggère à pas plus de 10 à 15% du sermon entier (c'est-à-dire 3 à 5 minutes).

C. La Presentation (Le Corps Du The Sermon)

La présentation consiste en une interaction continue entre l'explication, l'illustration et l'application. L’explication du texte permet à votre auditoire de comprendre la pensée de l'auteur original. Les illustrations servent à clarifier et à renforcer l'explication - pour la rendre plus vivante, réelle, compréhensible, pertinente, contemporaine. Donc, les illustrations sont vraiment un sous-ensemble d'explication. L'application rend le sens pertinent et pratique dans la vie.

1. L’explication

Généralement, l'explication est la partie du sermon qui est faite le pire:

  • parce que cela prend beaucoup de temps de préparation et c'est un travail difficile
  • parce que les prédicateurs veulent aujourd'hui aller directement à l'application ou au «comment faire».
  • parce que les prédicateurs semblent vouloir utiliser le texte simplement comme un pont vers le sujet sur lequel ils veulent parler.

Assurez-vous que vous faites un bon travail d'explication. Identifiez soigneusement les principes et montrez comment ils sont tirés du texte. Si vous n'expliquez pas le "quoi" du texte, vous ne pouvez pas appliquer efficacement et puissamment le "comment" ou le "pourquoi" du texte. L'instruction vient toujours avant l'action; le principe précède et pose toujours le fondement pour la pratique; la doctrine vient avant et produit le devoir.

2. Application

  • L'application est mieux faite si c’est au fur et à mesure qu'à la fin de votre sermon. Si vous laissez l'application à la fin:
  • Elle est séparée du texte dont elle est dérivée.
  • Cela devient une routine, de sorte que les gens sachent quand cela arrive et qu'ils peuvent se boucher les oreilles.

Tandis que votre explication doit être faite avec précision et bien, assurez-vous de ne pas être coincé dans l'explication. Vous devez passer du texte à la vie quotidienne des gens. Ils doivent être atteints avec la parole de Dieu.

Il y a quatre grands principes pour une application correcte du sermon:

a) Le principe personnel

C'est le principe du prédicateur qui applique l'Écriture à sa propre vie. Si vous prêchez aux autres ce que vous n'avez pas appliqué à votre propre vie, vous ne prêcherez pas avec puissance. Non seulement Dieu sait quand vous faites cela, mais les gens le sauront aussi. Le prédicateur doit prêcher ce qu'il croit et il doit le vivre.

b) Le principe de l'imagination

Pour appliquer correctement le texte, il doit devenir réel pour vous. Les gens, les lieux et les émotions doivent vous venir en vie. S'il est vivant pour vous, alors il vous est plus facile de le rendre réel pour les autres et de voir comment cela s'applique à eux.

c) Le principe d'extention

Quand nous prêchons aux gens pendant un certain temps et les guidons, le prédicateur apprend à mieux les connaître - leurs peurs, leurs besoins, leurs espoirs. Notre connaissance des gens, où ils vivent et qui ils sont, nous permet d'étendre l'application des Écritures pour couvrir autant de domaines que possible. Cela ne donne pas la permission d’utiliser le texte de manière inappropriée ou incorrecte. Il n'y a qu'une seule interprétation de l'Écriture, mais il y a beaucoup d'applications aux expériences et problèmes humains.

d) Le principe déclaratif

L'application du texte doit être déclarée avec autorité et clarté. Il ne doit y avoir aucune incertitude quant à l'application du texte. Les gens viennent à l'église pour une direction claire, pour découvrir ce que Dieu dit, comment ils doivent vivre, et comment ils peuvent obtenir de l'aide pour leurs problèmes. Par conséquent, les demandes doivent être déclarées ouvertement afin que les gens ne restent pas suspendus ou se demandent ce que le point était.

3. Les illustrations

Utilisez les illustrations judicieusement et de manière appropriée. Assurez-vous qu'ils illustrent le point que vous faites. Si vous devez expliquer votre illustration, ce n'est pas la bonne.

Essayez d'éviter de tomber dans certains des pièges courants :

  • D’utiliser trop d'illustrations pour que le sermon entier devienne une illustration étendue.
  • Utiliser des illustrations de manière à ce qu'elles dominent le sermon.
  • Longues illustrations. Les illustrations devraient être succinctes, au point, facilement compréhensibles.

4. La Conclusion

C'est le point culminant du sermon. C'est ici que vous rassemblez la proposition (sermon-en-une phrase) avec l'explication et la réalisation de la vérité dans la vie des gens. C'est là que le caoutchouc rencontre la route dans la prédication. +Ceci, avec l'introduction, est probablement la partie la plus difficile du sermon à bien faire.

Dans votre conclusion, essayez de ...

  • cristalliser le sermon - c'est-à-dire le résumer.
  • personnaliser le sermon - c'est-à-dire être direct et personnel. Utilisez "vous" si possible.
  • actualiser le sermon - épeler la réponse que le message exige et que vous attendez.

Ainsi, la clôture est par définition conflictuelle. En fait, toute prédication prophétique est conflictuelle. Vous dites: "C'est ce que dit la parole du Seigneur - maintenant c'est ce que vous devez faire à ce sujet."

La réponse que vous appelez peut être:

  • un changement d'attitude ou d’habitude
  • un amour plus profond pour Dieu et pour les gens
  • la confession du péché
  • les relations réparées
  • une croyance et une foi renforcées
  • nouvelle compréhension de la vérité
  • etc.

Préparez la fermeture très soigneusement et stratégiquement. N'introduisez pas de nouveau matériel ici. Énoncez comment vous voulez qu'ils répondent - p. par…

  • • venir au-devant
  • •              prière silencieuse
  • • s’arreter où ils sont
  • • lever la main
  • • vous parler après le culte, etc.

Donnez du temps pour la réponse

5. Les transitions

Les transitions rendent la communication du message unifiée, fluide, logique, compréhensible. Ne sous-estimez pas la valeur et le besoin de transitions entre les différents points et sections de votre sermon. Je recommande que vous écriviez chaque transition dans son intégralité.

6. Le Sermon en tant qu’un ensemble

Un bon sermon découlera doucement et avancera progressivement jusqu'à la conclusion. Il aura du mouvement - progression de l'argumentation, de l'explication, de l'application, de l'exhortation, etc. Une fois que vous avez fait valoir votre point de vue, continuez! Il sera équilibré entre les sections du sermon (introduction, développement et conclusion) et équilibré entre les points principaux de sorte qu'un point ne représente pas 90% du sermon. Il aura du rythme - comme une fanfare, il ne courra pas à un moment et rampera à un autre, mais il se rapprochera progressivement du but.

Utilisez les mots avec modération et précision. Recherchez des mots qui donnent la nuance la plus précise possible pour exprimer exactement ce que vous voulez dire. Rappelez-vous, beaucoup de prédicateurs sont trop verbeux. Parler plus longtemps que nécessaire détourne vos auditeurs. Soyez précis afin qu'il n'y ait pas d'imprécision ou de confusion. Développer des images de mots, des analogies, des contrastes qui intègrent l'idée dans l'esprit. Utilisez plusieurs couleurs.

Partie III: La Presention Du Culte

"L'appel de l'Église à l'ordre " (1 Cor. 4:6-21)

By: Dr. Stephen F. Olford

Introduction Ces versets mettent un terme à la manière dont Paul traite les divisions dans l'église. Vous vous souviendrez qu'il a non seulement traité de la malédiction, mais aussi des causes de ces divisions dans les chapitres précédents. Maintenant, il vient enfin au remède. Pour cette raison même, le passage devant nous est d'une importance suprême, non seulement pour le chrétien individuel, mais surtout pour la vie de l'église locale.

La section se divise en deux parties: La première partie est caractérisée par la note de sévérité (vs 6-13). La deuxième partie est caractérisée par son extrême tendresse (vs. 14-21). Pour mettre cela sous une autre forme, Paul s'adresse d'abord à ses lecteurs avec la parole de correction, puis il conclut par la parole de compassion. Ces deux notes sont toujours retenties dans la présentation du message chrétien parce qu'elles sont l'expression de la nature même de Dieu (voir Romains 11:22). Cela était vrai du ministère du Sauveur. Parfois, il y avait une note d'avertissement, tandis qu'à d'autres occasions, il y avait une note. Certaines circonstances appelaient à un vannage des hommes et des femmes. À d'autres moments, il y avait une recherche de faveurs d'hommes et de femmes. D'abord, considérons:

I. La Parole De Correction

«Chers frères et sœurs, c’est à cause de vous que j’ai appliqué ces images à Apollos et à moi-même, afin que vous appreniez par notre exemple à ne pas aller dans vos pensées au-delà de ce qui est écrit ...» (1 Corinthiens 4: 6-13). L'apôtre introduit sa parole de correction en disant aux Corinthiens qu'il employait Apollos et lui-même comme illustrations des grands principes qui affectent la relation entre les serviteurs de Dieu, les enseignants et les membres de l'église entière. Il est du caractère de Paul qu'il ne s'adresserait pas à ses lecteurs sans s'impliquer. Il y avait toujours une merveilleuse courtoisie à propos de cet homme. Il avait une façon de s'inclure dans ses propres avertissements et condamnations. Avec ce préambule, Paul frappe encore une fois à la cause principale et à la guérison positive de toute division dans la vie individuelle et dans la vie collective de l'église.

1) La cause première étant le Péché et l’Egocentrisme dans l'Église "... que personne ne s’enfle d’orgueil en prenant parti pour l'un contre l'autre" (1 Corinthiens 4: 6). De toute évidence, le cœur de cet égocentrisme est cette chose laide appelée orgueil. En utilisant une phrase familière - "enflée" - qui se produit pas moins de sept fois dans cette épître (4:18, 19; 5: 2; 8: 1; 13: 4), Paul montre que cet orgueil est:

a) Non-biblique. - "... appreniez par notre exemple à ne pas aller dans vos pensées au-delà de ce qui est écrit ...»..." (1 Corinthiens 4: 6). Paul se réfère indubitablement ici à l'enseignement général de l'Écriture sur le sujet de l'orgueil. Il n'y a rien que Dieu déteste plus que l'orgueil du cœur humain. Sûrement l'apôtre avait à l'esprit des passages de l'Ancien Testament comme Daniel 4:37 et Esaïe 42: 8 où il est clair que "Dieu abaissera ceux qui sont orgueilleux" et "ne partagera pas sa gloire avec un autre." Il y a des versets similaires dans le Nouveau Testament où il est dit "... Dieu résiste aux orgueilleux, mais fait grâce aux humbles" (Jacques 4: 6). Et «Humiliez-vous donc sous la puissante main de Dieu, afin qu'il vous élève au temps convenable» (1 Pierre 5: 6). Quelle pensée terrifiante de réaliser que le Dieu Tout-Puissant se dresse pour résister et écraser l’orgueil dans le cœur humain partout où Il le trouve! Jusqu'à ce que cette chose monstrueuse disparaisse d'une église locale, il y aura toujours des divisions et des disputes. Mais l’orgueil n'est pas seulement non-biblique, il est aussi:

b) Non-spirituel. - "qu’est ce qui te distingue? Qu’as-tu que tu n’aies reçu? Et maintenant, si tu l'as reçu, pourquoi te glorifies-tu comme si tu ne l'avais pas reçu? "(1 Corinthiens 4: 7). Une personne orgueilleuse ne parvient pas à voir que non seulement Dieu fait les gens différemment, mais qu'Il est aussi la source unique des dons naturels et spirituels. C'est seulement le chrétien non spirituel qui ne reconnaît pas les différences aussi bien que là où dérivent ces dons. Donc Paul, en effet, demande: "qui es-tu pour te vanter? Qu'avez-vous que Dieu ne vous a pas donné? Et si tout ce que vous avez vient de Dieu, pourquoi agissez-vous comme si vous étiez si grand et comme si vous aviez accompli quelque chose par vous-même?» (V.7, Lettres vivantes). Tout le problème dans l'église corinthienne et dans beaucoup d'assemblées locales aujourd'hui, est que les chrétiens oublient qu'ils doivent leurs âmes et leur tout à Dieu seul. Mais Paul continue à montrer, en troisième lieu que l’orgueil est:

c) Peu social - "Vous êtes déjà rassasiés! Vous êtes déjà riche! Sans nous vous avez commencé à régner comme des rois - et puissiez-vous régner en effet afin que nous aussi nous régnions avec vous! "(1 Corinthiens 4: 8). Avec une ironie foudroyante et un saint mépris, Paul décrit l'état très peu social auquel l'orgueil avait emporté ces Corinthiens. C'était une condition de satisfaction suffisante, d'autosuffisance et de supériorité snob. Alors Paul fait remarquer avec une satire piquante qu'un tel orgueil les avait éloignés de lui. Dans les Béatitudes, Jésus dit que ce sont ceux qui ont faim et soif de justice qui sont rassasiés, ce sont les faibles qui deviennent riches et qui héritent de la terre, et que ce sont les pauvres en esprit qui reçoivent le royaume et règnent. Mais pour ces Corinthiens, il en était autrement. Quelles paroles de recherche celles-ci sont, et pourtant combien nécessaire est ce correctif divin dans la vie de notre d'église aujourd'hui! Il n'y a guère de problème qui surgisse dans nos cercles religieux et qui ne peut pas être rattaché à cette chose non biblique, non spirituelle et très peu sociale appelée orgueil.

Dans notre dernière étude, l'apôtre condamne toutes sortes de vantardises, mais ici, dans cette section, il cherche à la corriger, en exposant le péché d'égocentrisme dans l'église. Après avoir fait cela, il se tourne vers le remède positif pour la division dans l'église locale.

2) La Guérison Positive Etant le fait de mettre Christ au Centre dans l'Église «Car Dieu, ce me semble, a fait de nous, apôtres, les derniers des hommes, des condamnés à mort ...» (1 Corinthiens 4: 9). Dans les versets qui suivent, Paul montre que la seule réponse à l'égocentrisme est lorsque Christ est au centre, et que le seul antidote à l'esprit d’orgueil est le chemin de la croix. Il semble que Paul ait senti qu'il était l'objet du regard impitoyable d'un monde moqueur dans l'arène de la vie. Pour expliquer ce qu'il voulait dire Paul décrit le chemin de la croix en termes de:

a) Souffrance mentale. - "Nous sommes fous à cause de Christ, mais vous vous êtes sage en Christ! Nous sommes faibles, mais vous êtes forts! Tu es honorés, mais nous sommes méprisés! "(1 Corinthiens 4:10). Avec un jeu de mots ironique, Paul oppose les souffrances des serviteurs de Dieu à la sophistication des croyants corinthiens. Parce que Paul et ses frères étaient associés à la croix du Christ, ils étaient devenus un spectacle pour le monde, pour les anges et pour les hommes - qu'ils avaient été exposés sur une vaste scène de théâtre pour que tout le monde se moquer d’eux et les outrage. Je me demande, sommes-nous prêts être ridiculisés pour notre message? Combien d'entre nous sont tentés de compromettre l'Évangile parce qu'il est impopulaire et méprisé?

Le chemin de la croix implique non seulement la souffrance mentale, mais aussi:

b) Souffrance physique. - "Jusqu'à cette heure, nous souffrons la faim, la soif, la nudité, nous sommes maltraités, errants çà et là" (1 Corinthiens 4:11). Paul fait clairement référence à quelque chose qu'il vivait au moment même qu’il écrivait. Certes, il a souffert dans le passé, mais il dit: «Même jusqu'à cette heure...» Voici quatre choses que nous prenons pour acquises comme les nécessités de base de la vie: la nourriture, l'habillement, la protection et l'abri; mais Paul manquait de tout cela. Pourtant, en effet, il a travaillé de ses propres mains (v. 12). L'apôtre avait appris à faire des tentes en poils de chèvre (Actes 18: 3), mais un tel travail manuel était méprisé parmi les Grecs. Le fait qu'il s'y soit tellement engagé à Corinthe a provoqué des doutes parmi les saints (voir 2 Corinthiens 11: 7). Mais c'est le chemin de la croix, et nous ne devons pas l'oublier.

Paul culmine ce paragraphe en combinant les deux aspects de sa souffrance en disant: "... En étant calomniés, nous parlons avec bonté. Nous sommes devenus comme les balayures du monde, le rebut de tous jusqu’à maintenant "(1 Corinthiens 4:13). Comme il a commencé, conclut-il - avec une métaphore frappante tirée des sacrifices humains dans une ville grecque. Quand les criminels ont été sacrifiés pour apaiser la colère des dieux, les malheureux furent jetés dans la mer, et c'est la parole que Paul utilise pour se décrire lui-même. Littéralement, la phrase se lit: "Nous sommes faits comme les rinçages et les raclures de toutes choses." En un mot, nous ne sommes rien d'autre que des ordures.

Je me demande combien d'entre nous sont prêts à marcher sur le chemin de la croix. Il ne nous appartient peut-être pas d'éprouver des difficultés physiques dans cette société prospère, mais nous sommes tous appelés à souffrir mentalement pour le Christ, car si nous sommes fidèles à notre message du Christ crucifié, nous serons les rejets du monde, des objets de rire, de mépris et de ridicule. Voici donc la parole de correction que Paul adresse à l'église corinthienne. Mais avec cette note de rigueur, il sonne aussi la note de tendresse, et le paragraphe se termine par :

II. La Parole De Compassion

Vous pouvez sentir le cœur d'amour de l'apôtre comme il s'adresse à ses lecteurs comme ses «enfants bien-aimés». «Je n'écris pas ces choses pour vous faire honte, mais comme mes enfants bien-aimés je vous avertis ...» (1 Corinthiens 4: 14-21). L'approche de Paul ici est complètement différente. La parole de correction est maintenant suivie d’une parole de compassion. Le fardeau de l'apôtre a cédé la place à l'appel d'un père. Et cela devrait être dans tout ministère. La rigueur est nécessaire, mais elle doit toujours être suivie du message de tendresse. Alors le grand apôtre les exhorte sur la base de:

1) Une relation parentale en Christ "Car quand vous auriez dix dix mille maîtres en Christ, vous n'avez cependant pas plusieurs pères; puisque c’est moi qui vous ai engendré en Jésus-Christ par l'évangile. Je vous en conjure donc, soyez mes imitateurs "(1 Corinthiens 4: 15-16). S'étant adressés à eux comme des fils bien-aimés, Paul rassure que ce n'est pas son intention de leur mettre la honte dessus, mais plutôt de les réprimander. En tant que père, il veut qu'ils soient élevés «dans l'éducation et la réprimande du Seigneur» (Ephésiens 6: 4). Dans le paragraphe précédent, il a traité avec eux comme un instructeur, mais maintenant il veut leur parler en tant que père. Un instructeur était essentiellement une personne qui discipline qui était responsable de la supervision de l'habillement, de la nourriture, du discours et des manières d'un garçon pendant sa minorité. Mais Paul veut qu'ils agissent maintenant comme des fils adultes (verset 16). Inutile de dire que Paul voulait seulement que les Corinthiens l'imitent dans la façon dont il suivait Christ. C'était un défi pour une vie mature (la sienne et la leur) par opposition au comportement enfantin qu'ils avaient exprimé. Quelle parole pour toi et moi! Il est temps que nous grandissions et laissions derrière nous notre enfance! Paul continue son appel sur la base de:

2) Un souvenir personnel en Christ "Pour cela, je vous ai envoyé Timothée, qui est mon enfant bien-aimé et fidèle dans le Seigneur, il vous rappellera quelles sont mes voies en Christ, quelle est la manière dont j'enseigne partout dans toutes les églises" (1 Corinthiens 4:17). Les Corinthiens avaient oublié beaucoup de vérités qu'il leur avait enseignées. Alors Timothée venait pour leur rappeler les enseignements, pour les aider à être des fils et filles dignes de Dieu. Ce ministère de rappel est sous-estimé dans notre expérience chrétienne. En effet, une grande partie de la responsabilité du prédicateur est de nous rappeler des vérités oubliées ou négligées (voir 2 Pierre 3: 1). C'est une grande fonction du Saint-Esprit dans cet âge, "pour nous rappeler" les choses que le Seigneur nous a enseignées dans le passé. D’ailleurs, la Table du Seigneur est conçue pour nous rappeler à plusieurs reprises les vérités centrales de l'Evangile et le retour prochain du Christ. Le cœur qui répond au ministère du rappel, cependant, est celui qui a été brisé à la croix et est prêt à accepter non seulement la parole de correction, mais aussi la parole de compassion. Enfin, Paul présente son appel sur la base de:

3) Une responsabilité pastorale en Christ "Que voulez-vous? Que j’aille chez vous avec une verge, ou avec amour et un esprit de douceur? "(1 Corinthiens 4:21). Sachant qu'il y aurait encore des gens orgueilleux à Corinthe (verset 18), Paul culmine son appel compatissant avec cette note d'autorité. Il leur dit que si le Seigneur le veut, il viendra à eux et découvrira alors s'il y avait, en fait, une opposition arrogante à Corinthe ou de simples paroles inutiles (v. 19). Il leur rappelle que le royaume de Dieu ne pas seulement en paroles, mais en puissance du Christ ressuscité (verset 20). Dieu a fourni tous les moyens par lesquels les chrétiens devraient vivre en tant qu'hommes et femmes responsables. C'est tout le but de la croix de Christ et toute la puissance de la résurrection.

Conclusion: Alors Paul conclut avec les paroles: «"Que voulez-vous? Que j’aille chez vous avec une verge, ou avec amour et un esprit de douceur? "(1 Corinthiens 4:21. Il leur donne le choix s'ils le recevront comme un père spirituel avec amour et douceur. L'amour de Paul pour ses enfants dans la foi n'était pas un amour aveugle, facile, sentimental. Au contraire, c'était un amour qui savait que parfois la discipline était nécessaire et quand c'était le cas, il était prêt à l'exercer. Il y a un amour qui peut ruiner une personne, en fermant les yeux sur ses fautes. En même temps, il y a un amour qui peut faire un homme, en le mettant face à face avec la vérité telle qu'elle est dans le Christ Jésus. Le remède aux divisions dans l'Église est l'acceptation de la parole de correction, qui brise notre orgueil et nous conduit à marcher sur le chemin de la croix. C'est aussi l'acceptation de la parole de compassion, qui nous encourage à vivre, à apprendre et à aimer en tant que fils adultes de Dieu. Êtes-vous prêt à respecter ces conditions, et ainsi connaître la paix et la joie de faire la volonté du Père ?

Part IV: Plan De Sermon

Pour écouter la version audio de ces sermons in English, cliquez sur ces liens : Link 1 - Jn. 15:12-13; Link 2 - Jn. 15:14-17, Link 3 - Jn. 16:5-15

Titre 1: Cinq d’un vrai disciple (Jn. 15:1-17)

Note: Voir l’Edition Winter 2018 de ce Journal aux points 1-3 (John 15:1-11).

Point #4: La quatrième caractéristique d’un vrai disciple est… aimer (12-13)

Point #5: La cinquième caractéristique d’un vrai disciple est… connaître (14-17)

Title 2: La Venue du Saint Spirit (Jn. 16:5-15)

Point # 1: Jésus a envoyé le Saint-Esprit pour être notre aide / Consolateur (5-7)

Point # 2: Jésus a envoyé le Saint-Esprit pour convaincre le monde (8-11)

Point # 3: Jésus a envoyé le Saint-Esprit pour guider les croyants dans toute la vérité (12-15)

Related Topics: Pastors

Jurnalul Electronic Al Păstorilor, Rom Ed 27, Editia de primăvară 2018

Ediția de primăvară, 2018

“Întărind Biserica în Predicare biblică și conducere”

Author: Dr. Roger Pascoe, President,
The Institute for Biblical Preaching
Cambridge, Ontario, Canada
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 519-620-2375

Partea I: Pregătirea Pentru Predicare

„Finalizarea predicii”

A. Finalizarea Manuscrisului

De-a lungul timpului, au existat multe dezbateri cu privire la întrebarea dacă predicatorii, atunci când sunt la amvon, ar trebui să folosească un manuscris complet, un rezumat al predicii, schița predicii sau nu ar trebui să folosească nimic.

1. Un Manuscris Complet

Dacă nu ai experiență considerabilă în predicare, eu recomand să îți scrii predica în întregime, chiar dacă nu iei manuscrisul cu tine la amvon.

2. Un Rezumat Al Predicii

Eu folosesc un rezumat al predicii. Atunci când spun „rezumat al predicii” mă refer la notițe mai ample, un manuscris parțial, cu paragrafe sumarizate.

Trăsăturile principale ale unui rezumat al predicii sunt următoarele:

  • Scrie în întregime propozițiile “principale”

Adaugă material auxiliar sub propozițiile principale. Acesta poate fi sub formă de notițe.

  • Scrie ilustrațiile în întregime.

Eu pun ilustrațiile într-un chenar, ca să le identific mai ușor.

  • Scrie aplicațiile sub forma unei idei care să-ți reîmprospăteze memoria

Ca și în cazul ilustrațiilor, și aplicațiile le încadrez într-un chenar, ca să le identific mai ușor. Lucrul acesta îți permite, de asemenea, să îți dai seama dacă faci aplicații acolo unde trebuie și cât reprezintă partea aplicativă din tot cuprinsul predicii.

Când faci aplicații, îți poți permite să fii mai spontan, însă gândește-te dinainte la aplicațiile respective! Aplicațiile sunt foarte importante. Fă-le să fie contemporane și relevante!

  • Scrie introducerea în întregime.

Învață pe de rost introducerea sau cel puțin partea destinată captării atenției. „Predica-într-o-frază” trebuie să fie formulată atent și precis și, de asemenea, să fie succintă.

  • Scrie încheierea în întregime.

Gândește-te cu atenție cum îți vei face chemarea de la sfârșitul predicii și cum îi vei îndemna pe oameni să răspundă chemării tale.

  • Scrie în întregime frazele de legătură dintre punctele principale.

Frazele de legătură dintre părțile ce alcătuiesc predica reprezintă un aspect important al predicării. Acestea au rolul de a asigura atenția audienței, adică în felul acesta ascultătorii înțeleg felul în care treci de la un punct principal la următorul.

Folosirea unei schițe a predicii prezintă câteva avantaje:

a) Îmi oferă toate datele importante de care am nevoie fără obligația de a-mi lua timp să scriu predica în întregime, cuvânt cu cuvânt.

b) Mă ferește de capcana unei pregătirii exagerate.

c) Mă ferește de capcana citirii predicii.

d) Stabilește harta drumului predicii, ca să nu pierd firul predicii sau să uit lucruri importante.

e) Îmi oferă cuvintele potrivite în momentele potrivite (ex. punctele principale și explicațiile necesare).

f) Îmi face legătura cu alte versete din Scriptură, pe care s-ar putea să nu mi le amintesc altfel.

g) Așază ilustrațiile potrivite la punctele potrivite.

h) Mă ajută să mă concentrez asupra aplicațiilor la punctele potrivite.

i) Îmi amintește la momentul potrivit de frazele de legătură, pe care aș putea să le uit altfel.

j) Stabilește lungimea predicii.

Chiar dacă nu scrii predica în întregime, ai grijă…

  • Ca rezumatul predicii să includă cuvinte alese cu grijă, expresii, imagini etc., pentru că de obicei nu găsim pe loc cele mai potrivite cuvinte.
  • Ca rezumatul predicii să urmeze cu atenție secțiunile unei predici scrise (introducere, puncte principale, ilustrații, aplicații, încheiere).
  • Ca rezumatul predicii tale să fie scris în așa fel încât să nu pari niciodată că îți citești predica.

Concluzie. Indiferent sub ce formă îți iei notițele cu tine la amvon, nu uita că predicile sunt o jertfă adusă înaintea lui Dumnezeu și ele au un impact etern asupra vieților oamenilor, prin urmare trebuie să fie pregătite cu mare grijă.

B. Finalizarea Mesajului

Pregătirea pentru predicare presupune mai mult decât a pregăti un manuscris. Manuscrisul trebuie să devină un mesaj de la Dumnezeu pe care îl vei transmite oamenilor. Așadar, odată încheiată pregătirea mesajului…

1. Verifică Mesajul Într-Un Duh De Rugăciune

Fă schimbările necesare din punct de vedere gramatical, teologic, exegetic, revizuind și formulările, ilustrațiile, aplicațiile etc. Testează întreaga predică:

  • Este biblică, corectă și clară?
  • Ilustrațiile sunt adevărate?
  • Aplicațiile sunt relevante?
  • Este necesară fiecare informație?
  • Fiecare punct principal aduce o contribuție la tema discutată?

Elimină tot ce nu este necesar, adevărat, precis ori necesar! Familiarizează-te cu schița, conținutul și mesajul predicii! Adaugă tot ce mai este necesar pentru a întări predica! Fă în așa fel încât cineva care nu a auzit niciodată mesajul acesta să îl poată înțelege și urmări!

2. Relatează Mesajul Într-Un Duh De Rugăciune (predică-ți-l ție)

Spune-ți predica ție mai întâi (înainte să o predici oamenilor), din punct de vedere al aplicațiilor și al ascultării! Nu avem dreptul să predicăm o predică pe care noi nu am pus-o în practică. Acesta este procesul de materializare. Ai grijă să îți însușești tu mai întâi mesajul!

3. Repetă Mesajul Într-Un Duh De Rugăciune (treci din nou prin predică rugându-te înaintea lui Dumnezeu)

Roagă-te și treci din nou prin toată predica, stând înaintea lui Dumnezeu! Repetă predica meditând; adu mesajul în rugăciune înaintea lui Dumnezeu, rugându-L să-ți arate ce ar trebui schimbat sau eliminat, precum și ceea ce ar trebui să faci, să mărturisești sau să aplici în viața ta. Această disciplină solemnă îți va arăta dacă mai trebuie sau nu să faci ajustări și dacă ai aprobarea Sa. Numai după aceea ești pregătit să predici. Atunci când te rogi, îți sugerez să aduci predica ta ca jertfă înaintea lui Dumnezeu, rugându-L să o facă plăcută înaintea Lui.

4. Concluzie

Ca mesager al Domnului, folosește orice metodă ți se potrivește și te face mai eficient în transmiterea Cuvântului lui Dumnezeu. „Caută să te înfățișezi înaintea lui Dumnezeu ca un om încercat, ca un lucrător care n-are de ce să-i fie rușine și care împarte drept Cuvântul adevărului.” Iar apoi du-te și „predică Cuvântul.”

C. Verificarea Finală

1. Orice Predică Are Patru Componente Esențiale În Structura Sa

a) Introducere

Acesta este locul în care se captează atenția ascultătorilor, se formulează subiectul predicii și „predica-într-o-frază” și se realizează legătura dintre audiență și Cuvânt.

b) Cuprins (expunere)

Cuprinsul predicii este format din explicații, care se împart de regulă în puncte principale, ilustrații și aplicații.

c) Încheiere

Aici este punctul în care tragi concluzia predicii prin rezumare, îndemnare și invitare (vezi Ediția de iarnă 2018 a acestui Jurnal).

d) Fraze de legătură sau de tranziție

Frazele de legătură te ajută să realizezi tranziții logice și fluente între părțile principale ale unei predici – între introducere și cuprinsul predicii; între punctele principale și între cuprins și încheiere.

2. Orice Predică Trebuie Să Răspundă La Patru Provocări

a) Să folosească gândirea = să învețe, să informeze; cunoașterea lui Dumnezeu; viziune biblică asupra lumii

b) Să stârnească, să înmoaie, să atingă inima = sentimente, relația cu Hristos

c) Să stimuleze, să sensibilizeze, să atingă conștiința = mărturisire, sfințirea vieții

d) Să modeleze, să supună voința = ascultare, supunere față de voia lui Dumnezeu

Revizuiește-ți fiecare predică, pentru a fi sigur că îndeplinește toate aceste condiții!

3. Ține Minte Trei Elemente Importante

a) Tema / subiectul – acesta dă unitate

„Care este tema dominantă?” (ideea principală a predicii, subiectul, predica-într-o-frază). Întreabă-te: „Ce voi spune despre acest subiect?”

b) Ideile – acestea oferă structura și desfășurarea predicii

„Care sunt ideile componente?” (punctele principale). Care sunt ideile ce prezintă tema / subiectul? Formulează ideile sub formă de principii.

c) Ideea centrală – aceasta conferă direcție și scop

„Care este ideea motivatoare?” (scopul predicii). Ce cere acest adevăr? Ce vrei să facă ascultătorii? Ce aplicație vei face?

Partea A II-A: Predicarea Mesajului

„De la început până la sfârșit”

La sfârșitul epistolelor către Coloseni și Efeseni, apostolul Pavel cere credincioșilor să se roage pentru el, în ce privește puterea sa de predicare, claritatea, oportunitățile și curajul său. Este important să luăm aminte la lucrul acesta.

„Rugați-vă totodată și pentru noi, ca Dumnezeu să ne deschidă o ușă pentru Cuvânt, ca să putem vesti taina lui Hristos, pentru care, iată, mă găsesc în lanțuri: ca s-o fac cunoscut așa cum trebuie să vorbesc despre ea.” (Col. 4:3-4)

„… (rugați-vă) și pentru mine, ca ori de câte ori îmi deschid gura să mi se dea cuvânt, ca să fac cunoscut cu îndrăzneală taina Evangheliei, al cărei sol în lanțuri sunt; pentru ca, zic, să vorbesc cu îndrăzneală, cum trebuie să vorbesc.” (Efes. 6:19-20)

În ambele pasaje, Pavel repetă expresia „cum trebuie să vorbesc.” Există un „trebuie” cu privire la predicare:

1. „Cum” trebuie să predicăm - cu „îndrăzneală,” curaj, pasiune. Acest lucru se întâmplă numai atunci când suntem împuterniciți de Duhul Sfânt să ne învingem slăbiciunea și protejați de Duhul Sfânt în conflictul cu inamicii spirituali.

2. „Când” trebuie să predicăm – „să ne deschidă o ușă”, oportunități.

3. „Ce” trebuie să predicăm – „taina lui Hristos”; taina Evangheliei.

4. „De ce” trebuie să predicăm – „ca să fac cunoscută … taina”. Dacă noi nu o vom face cunoscută, atunci cine? Dacă nu o facem cunoscută, va fi ascunsă și va rămâne o taină. În sensul acesta, predicarea este profetică (revelează adevărul lui Dumnezeu) și apocaliptică (dezvăluie adevărul).

5. „Cum trebuie să vorbesc” indică necesitatea și responsabilitatea predicării.

Rugăciunea este fundamentală pentru necesitatea predicării. Trebuie să ne rugăm pentru predicarea noastră și avem nevoie și de rugăciunile altora în această privință. Numai prin împuternicirea Duhului Sfânt putem predica în așa fel încât oamenii să înțeleagă bine mesajul, să fie convinși în inima lor și să răspundă în mod adecvat. Pavel vrea să i se „dea cuvânt”, ca să rostească cuvintele lui Dumnezeu. Așadar, noi trebuie să „predicăm Cuvântul” (2 Tim. 4:2; cf. 1 Tim. 2:7). Predicarea clară, relevantă și cu îndrăzneală vine numai prin ungerea Duhului Sfânt și prin predicare. Când Duhul Sfânt ne împuternicește, vom predica cu curaj, fluență, pasiune, convingere și claritate.

A. Observații Inițiale

Observațiile tale inițiale dau tonul și îi determină pe oameni să te asculte sau nu. Ele spun ceva despre tine. Oamenii te citesc încă de la primele tale fraze, așa că gândește-le bine și rostește-le înțelept. Ele îți vor determina succesul sau eșecul. Dacă în punctul acesta vei pierde atenția ascultătorilor tăi, va fi foarte greu să îi recâștigi.

Observațiile inițiale reprezintă tranziția de la ceea ce a fost înainte la ceea ce urmează. Este întotdeauna o idee bună să legi prima parte a serviciului divin de predica ta, făcând anumite remarci despre ceva ce s-a spus ori s-a făcut înainte de predică; de exemplu, să feliciți sau să mulțumești echipei de închinare sau unui sunetist; de asemenea, poți să te legi de ceva ce s-a spus ori s-a cântat mai înainte și poate fi o tranziție naturală către subiectul pe care îl abordezi.

Este bine să obișnuiești să mulțumești tuturor celor implicați în serviciul religios, precum și celor care slujesc în biserică în diferite feluri, cum ar fi învățătoarele de la grupele de copii sau cei care au grijă de bebeluși. Mulțumirea în public este un lucru bun și potrivit.

Ferește-te de tentația de a spune o glumă! Glumele sunt periculoase și, de obicei, nu au legătură cu subiectul predicii tale.

Aceste observații inițiale trebuie să fie scurte.

B. Introducere

Introducerea trebuie să realizeze o trecere lină de la observațiile inițiale la începutul expunerii.

Introducerea ta trebuie să îndeplinească scopul unei introduceri – pentru mai multe informații în această privință, vezi Ediția de iarnă, 2018, a acestui jurnal.

Undeva, în timpul prezentării introducerii sau a observațiilor inițiale, roagă-te! Este uimitor cât de mulți predicatori nu se roagă înainte de a predica, iar unii nu se roagă deloc.

Dacă pasajul din care vei predica nu a fost citit mai devreme în timpul serviciului religios, găsește un moment potrivit pentru a citi pasajul biblic! Mie îmi place să citesc eu pasajul din care predic atunci când încep să predic și nu să pun pe altcineva să-l citească mai devreme. În felul acesta, predica este legată în mod direct de pasaj. Fii foarte atent la felul în care citești textul! Exersează citirea textului! Citește-l încet, expresiv (dar nu într-un mod nefiresc), ținând cont de semnificația sa și pune accentul unde trebuie, pentru a sublinia sensul! Pentru a sublinia semnificația textului, folosește pauzele și accentele! Este bine să rogi ascultătorii să se ridice în picioare atunci când se citește Cuvântul lui Dumnezeu.

Introducerea trebuie să fie scurtă – eu zic că nu mai mult de 10-15% din predică (adică 3 – 5 minute).

C. Cuprinsul (Partea Principală A Predicii)

Cuprinsul constă într-o interacțiune continuă între explicații, ilustrații și aplicații. Explicarea textului ajută audiența să înțeleagă semnificația sa originală. Ilustrațiile au rolul de a clarifica și a întări explicarea textului, de a o însufleți, de a o face mai reală, mai relevantă, contemporană și mai ușor de înțeles. Așadar, ilustrațiile fac parte din explicarea textului. Aplicațiile fac semnificația textului relevantă și practică pentru viața noastră.

1. Explicarea textului

În general, explicarea textului este partea cel mai slab tratată a predicii:

  • pentru că aceasta presupune mult timp de pregătire și muncă grea
  • pentru că predicatorii de astăzi vor să ajungă direct la aplicații sau la „cum să”
  • pentru că predicatorii par să dorească să folosească textul doar ca pe o punte de legătură pentru subiectul pe care vor să îl abordeze.

Trebuie să lucrezi bine la partea de explicații! Identifică principiile cu atenție și arată cum sunt deduse din text! Dacă nu explici bine „ce”, nu vei putea aplica cu putere și eficient „cum” sau „de ce”. Învățătura vine întotdeauna înaintea acțiunii; principiul precedă întotdeauna practica și îi pune bazele; mai întâi este doctrina și ea reglementează obligațiile.

2. Aplicația

Cel mai bine este să incluzi aplicațiile în predică și să nu le lași la finalul acesteia. Dacă lași aplicația la sfârșit:

  • aceasta este separată de textul din care derivă.
  • acest lucru devine o rutină, iar oamenii știu când va urma aplicația și pot să își închidă urechile.

Explicațiile trebuie date bine și în mod corect, însă ai grijă să nu te împotmolești în explicații! Trebuie să faci legătura dintre text și viața de zi cu zi a oamenilor. Oamenii trebuie să fie atinși de cuvântul lui Dumnezeu.

Există patru principii majore în formularea corectă a aplicațiilor unei predici:

(a) Principiul personal

Acesta este principiul potrivit căruia predicatorul aplică Scriptura la propria lui viață. Dacă le predici altora ceea ce nu ai aplicat mai întâi în viața ta, nu vei predica cu putere! Nu numai Dumnezeu știe când faci lucrul acesta, ci și oamenii știu! Predicatorul trebuie să predice ceea ce crede și trebuie să trăiască ceea ce predică.

(b) Principiul imaginației

Pentru a face corect aplicația la text, acesta trebuie să prindă viață! Oamenii, locurile și emoțiile trebuie să prindă viață. Dacă acestea sunt vii pentru tine, atunci îți va fi mai ușor să le faci să prindă viață și pentru ceilalți și să vezi cum se aplică la ei.

(c) Principiul extinderii

Predicând mereu oamenilor și învățându-i, predicatorul ajunge să îi cunoască mai bine, ajunge să le cunoască temerile, nevoile, speranțele. Faptul că îi cunoaștem pe oameni, știm unde locuiesc și cine sunt, ne permite să extindem aplicația Scripturii pentru a acoperi cât mai multe din aceste domenii. Lucrul acesta însă nu ne permite să folosim textul în mod nepotrivit sau incorect. Există o singură interpretare a Scripturii, însă există multe aplicații la problemele și experiențele umane.

(d) Principiul declarativ

Aplicația textului trebuie susținută cu claritate și autoritate. Nu trebuie să existe nesiguranță cu privire la aplicarea textului. Oamenii vin la biserică pentru a primi o direcție clară, pentru a afla ce spune Dumnezeu, cum trebui să-și trăiască viața și cum pot fi ajutați în problemele lor. De aceea, aplicațiile trebuie exprimate în mod deschis, pentru ca oamenii să nu rămână în suspans sau să se întrebe care a fost scopul predicii.

3. Ilustrațiile

Folosește ilustrațiile potrivit și înțelept! Ele trebuie să ilustreze ideea pe care vrei să o transmiți. Dacă trebuie să explici ilustrația, atunci înseamnă că nu este potrivită.

Încearcă să te ferești să cazi în una din următoarele capcane:

  • Să folosești prea multe ilustrații, așa încât predica să devină o ilustrație extinsă.
  • Să folosești ilustrațiile în așa fel încât acestea să domine predica.
  • Să folosești ilustrații lungi. Ilustrațiile trebuie să fie succinte, la obiect și ușor de înțeles.

4. Încheierea

Acesta este punctul culminant al predicii. Aici aduci împreună ideea principală (predica-într-o-frază) cu explicațiile și cu actualizarea adevărului în viețile oamenilor. Acesta este momentul cel mai important în predicare. Încheierea, împreună cu introducerea, sunt probabil locurile în care e cel mai greu să faci o treabă bună.

În încheiere, încearcă să…

  • cristalizezi predica – i.e. sumarizează-o!
  • personalizează predica – i.e. fii direct și personal! Folosește pronumele „tu/voi/dumneavoastră” dacă este posibil!
  • actualizează predica – rostește răspunsul pe care îl cere mesajul și pe care îl aștepți din partea oamenilor.

Așadar, încheierea este, prin definiție, confruntativă. De fapt, orice predicare profetică are rolul de a confrunta. Aici spui, cu alte cuvinte: „Asta spune cuvântul Domnului, iar acum iată ce trebuie să faci tu în privința asta!”

Răspunsul pe care îl ceri poate fi:

  • schimbarea unei atitudini sau a unor fapte
  • o dragoste mai profundă pentru Dumnezeu și pentru oameni
  • mărturisirea păcatelor
  • repararea relațiilor
  • întărirea credinței
  • o nouă înțelegere a adevărului
  • etc. etc.

Pregătește încheierea strategic și cu mare atenție. Nu introduce aici material nou! Arată clar modul în care dorești ca oamenii să răspundă – de exemplu…

  • să vină în față
  • să se roage în tăcere
  • să se ridice în picioare
  • să ridice mâna
  • să stea de vorbă cu tine după serviciul divin etc.

Oferă timp pentru primirea răspunsului!

5. Tranzițiile

Tranzițiile fac comunicarea mesajului unitară, fluentă, logică și inteligibilă. Nu subestima valoarea și necesitatea tranzițiilor între punctele și secțiunile predicii. Eu recomand scrierea în întregime a frazelor de tranziție.

6. Predica în ansamblul ei

O predică bună curge fluent și înaintează constant către încheiere. Ea conține mișcare – progresia argumentului, explicarea, aplicația, îndemnarea etc. După ce demonstrezi ceea ce ai vrut să spui, mergi mai departe! O predică bună va avea secțiuni și puncte principale echilibrate, fără ca un singur punct să ocupe 90% din predică. De asemenea, va avea un ritm potrivit, ca un marș; nu va alerga la un punct și se va târî la următorul, ci se va mișca în mod constant către împlinirea scopului său.

Folosește cuvintele cumpătat și cu precizie! Caută acele cuvinte care exprimă sensul cel mai exact cu putință a ceea ce vrei să transmiți! Mulți predicatori folosesc prea multe cuvinte. Dacă vorbești mai mult decât este necesar, oamenii nu te vor mai asculta. Fii precis, ca să nu lași loc de confuzie sau neclaritate! Folosește cuvinte ce exprimă imagini, analogii, contraste ce exprimă ideea pe care o ai în minte. Folosește diversitatea!

Partea A III-A: Devoțională

„Chemarea la rânduială în biserică” (1 Cor. 4:6-21)

De: Dr. Stephen F. Olford

Introducere Aceste versete încheie discursul lui Pavel despre dezbinări în biserică. Vă amintiți că el nu doar că a vorbit detaliat despre această nenorocire, ci a vorbit și despre cauzele acestor dezbinări în capitolele anterioare. Iar acum ajunge la partea de vindecare. Din această cauză, pasajul pe care îl avem acum în față este de o importanță vitală, nu doar pentru creștin, în mod personal, ci mai ales pentru viața bisericii locale.

Această secțiune are două părți: Prima parte este caracterizată de o notă de severitate (vs. 6-13). A doua parte este caracterizată de o mare blândețe (vs. 14-21). Altfel spus, Pavel le adresează mai întâi cititorilor săi cuvintele de mustrare, iar apoi încheie folosind cuvinte pline de milă. Aceste două note apar întotdeauna în prezentarea mesajului creștin, pentru că ele sunt expresia naturii lui Dumnezeu (vezi Romani 11:22). Acest lucru poate fi observat și în lucrarea Mântuitorului. Uneori folosea avertizarea, iar alteori folosea un ton atrăgător. Unele circumstanțe cereau cernerea bărbaților și a femeilor, pe când alte împrejurări cereau câștigarea lor. Haideți să privim mai întâi la:

I. Cuvintele De Mustrare

„Fraţilor, pentru voi am spus aceste lucruri, în icoană de vorbire, cu privire la mine şi la Apolo, ca, prin noi înşine, să învăţaţi să nu treceţi peste ce «este scris»…” (1 Corinteni 4:6-13). Apostolul își începe cuvintele de mustrare spunându-le corintenilor că se folosea pe sine și pe Apolo ca să ilustreze principiile ce determină relațiile dintre slujitori, învățători și membrii bisericii. Pavel obișnuia să se adreseze cititorilor săi făcând mereu referire și la sine. Omul acesta era de o politețe deosebită. El obișnuia să se includă și pe sine în avertizările și acuzările pe care le făcea. În acest preambul, Pavel lovește încă o dată la rădăcina problemei, arătând totodată și soluția pentru dezbinare, atât în viața particulară, cât și în viața bisericii:

1) Principala cauză a dezbinării o reprezintă păcatul și individualismul în biserică „…niciunul din voi să nu se fălească deloc cu unul împotriva celuilalt” (1 Corinteni 4:6). Este destul de evident că inima individualismului este acest lucru urât numit „mândrie”. Folosind un termen familiar – „să nu se fălească” – care apare de 7 ori în această epistolă (4:18, 19; 5:2; 8:1; 13:4), Pavel arată că această mândrie este:

a) Nebiblică. – „… să învăţaţi să nu treceţi peste ce «este scris»…” (1 Corinteni 4:6). Fără îndoială, Pavel se referă aici la învățătura generală a Scripturii despre mândrie. Dumnezeu nu urăște nimic mai mult decât mândria inimii omului. Cu siguranță apostolul se gândea la pasaje din Vechiul Testament ca Daniel 4:37 și Isaia 42:8 unde se spune clar că „El poate să smerească pe cei ce umblă cu mândrie” și „slava Mea n-o voi da altuia.” Și în Noul Testament există versete asemănătoare unde se spune: „Dumnezeu stă împotriva celor mândri, dar dă har celor smeriţi” (Iacov 4:6). Și „Smeriți-vă, dar, sub mâna tare a lui Dumnezeu, pentru ca, la vremea Lui, El să vă înalțe” (1 Petru 5:6). Ce înfricoșător este să îți dai seama că Dumnezeul cel Atotputernic stă împotriva mândriei din inima omului și vrea să o zdrobească oriunde o găsește! Până când acest lucru monstruos nu este înlăturat din biserica locală, întotdeauna vor fi dezbinări și lupte. Mândria însă nu este numai nebiblică, ci și:

b) Nespirituală. – „Căci cine te face deosebit? Ce lucru ai pe care să nu-l fi primit? Şi dacă l-ai primit, de ce te lauzi ca şi cum nu l-ai fi primit?” (1 Corinteni 4:7). Un om mândru nu reușește să înțeleagă nici că Dumnezeu îi face pe oameni diferiți și nici că El este singura sursă a înzestrărilor naturale și spirituale. Numai creștinul firesc este cel care nu recunoaște diferențele și sursa acestor daruri. Așa că, Pavel întreabă de fapt: Cu ce te fălești? „Ce lucru ai pe care să nu-l fi primit? Şi dacă l-ai primit, de ce te lauzi ca şi cum nu l-ai fi primit?” (v.7). Problema bisericii din Corint, ca și a multor biserici locale din zilele noastre, este că creștinii uită că sufletul lor, precum și tot ceea ce au, vine de la Dumnezeu. Pavel însă merge mai departe și arată că, în al treilea rând, mândria este:

c) Nesociabilă. – „O, iată-vă sătui! Iată-vă ajunşi bogaţi! Iată-vă împărăţind fără noi! Şi măcar de aţi împărăţi cu adevărat, ca să putem împărăţi şi noi împreună cu voi!” (1 Corinteni 4:8). Cu o ironie nimicitoare și un dispreț sfânt, Pavel descrie starea nesociabilă în care îi adusese mândria pe corinteni. Era o stare de satisfacție îngâmfată, autosuficiență și superioritate snoabă. Apoi, folosind o satiră înțepătoare, Pavel arată că o astfel de mândrie i-a îndepărtat de el. Când a rostit Fericirile, Isus a spus că cei care sunt flămânzi și însetați după neprihănire vor fi săturați, cei slabi vor deveni bogați și vor moșteni pământul, iar cei săraci cu duhul vor primi împărăția și vor domni. Însă pentru corinteni lucrurile stăteau altfel. Ce cuvinte mustrătoare și cât de necesară este această mustrare divină în viața bisericii astăzi! Cu greu găsești o problemă în cercurile noastre religioase a cărei rădăcină să nu fie această mândrie nebiblică, nespirituală și nesociabilă.

În ultimul nostru studiu, apostolul condamnă orice fel de laudă, însă în acest pasaj încearcă să o corecteze, demascând păcatul individualismului în biserică. După ce face acest lucru, se îndreaptă către soluția pentru problema dezbinării în biserica locală:

2) Soluția este centralitatea lui Hristos în biserică „Căci parcă Dumnezeu a făcut din noi, apostolii, oamenii cei mai de pe urmă, nişte osândiţi la moarte…” (1 Corinteni 4:9). În versetele ce urmează, Pavel arată că singurul răspuns la problema individualismului este centralitatea lui Hristos, iar singurul antidot la duhul mândriei este calea crucii. S-ar părea că Pavel a simțit că el era obiectul acestei priviri neîndurătoare a lumii batjocoritoare în arena vieții. Pentru a explica la ce se referă, Pavel descrie calea crucii ca:

a) Suferință mentală. – „Noi suntem nebuni pentru Hristos; voi, înţelepţi în Hristos! Noi, slabi; voi, tari! Voi, puşi în cinste; noi, dispreţuiţi!” (1 Corinteni 4:10). Cu un joc de cuvinte ironic, Pavel pune în contrast suferințele slujitorilor lui Dumnezeu cu sofisticarea credincioșilor corinteni. Pentru că Pavel și frații săi fuseseră asociați cu crucea lui Hristos, deveniseră o priveliște pentru lume, pentru îngeri și pentru oameni. Ei fuseseră puși pe o scenă pentru ca toți, fără excepție, să îi batjocorească și să îi disprețuiască. Mă întreb dacă tu și cu mine suntem gata să fim batjocoriți pentru mesajul pe care îl transmitem. Câți dintre noi suntem tentați să compromitem evanghelia pentru că stârnește antipatie și dispreț?

Calea crucii implică însă nu numai suferință mentală, ci și:

b) Suferință fizică. – „Până în clipa aceasta suferim de foame şi de sete, suntem goi, chinuiţi, umblăm din loc în loc” (1 Corinteni 4:11). Este destul de limpede că Pavel se referă la ceva ce experimenta chiar în momentul în care scria această epistolă. Într-adevăr, el suferise în trecut, însă aici spune: „Până în clipa aceasta…” Iată patru lucruri pe care le luăm drept sigure, pentru că sunt esențiale vieții – hrana, îmbrăcămintea, protecția și adăpostul; însă lui Pavel îi lipseau toate acestea. Totuși, într-adevăr, muncea cu mâinile sale (v. 12). Apostolul învățase să facă corturi din lână de capră (Fapte 18:3), însă o astfel de muncă manuală era disprețuită de greci. Faptul că el lucra atât de mult în domeniul acesta în Corint a cauzat o lipsă de dărnicie printre sfinți (vezi 2 Corinteni 11:7). Aceasta este însă calea crucii, iar noi nu trebuie să o uităm.

Pavel atinge punctul culminant al acestui paragraf îmbinând două aspecte ale suferinței sale atunci când spune: „… când suntem vorbiţi de rău, ne rugăm. Până în ziua de azi am ajuns ca gunoiul lumii acesteia, ca lepădătura tuturor” (1 Corinteni 4:13). El încheie așa cum a început – cu o metaforă frapantă despre jertfele umane într-un oraș grecesc. Când răufăcătorii erau aduși jertfă zeilor pentru a calma mânia acestora, acei amărâți erau aruncați în mare și acest termen îl folosește Pavel cu referire la sine. El spune literalmente: „Suntem făcuți ca scursurile și lepădăturile tuturor lucrurilor.” Într-un cuvânt, nu suntem decât niște gunoaie.

Mă întreb câți dintre noi suntem pregătiți să mergem pe calea crucii. Poate că nu ne este scris să experimentăm lipsuri fizice în această societate de consum, dar toți suntem chemați să suferim din punct de vedere psihologic de dragul lui Hristos, pentru că dacă suntem fideli mesajului lui Hristos cel răstignit, vom fi respinși de lume, vom fi batjocoriți, disprețuiți și ridiculizați. Iată, așadar, cuvântul de mustrare adresat de Pavel bisericii din Corint. Însă, la această notă de severitate, el adaugă o notă de blândețe, iar paragraful se încheie cu:

II. Cuvintele Pline De Milă

Poți simți inima plină de dragoste a apostolului atunci când se adresează cititorilor săi numindu-i „copii preaiubiţi.” „Nu vă scriu aceste lucruri ca să vă fac ruşine, ci ca să vă sfătuiesc ca pe nişte copii preaiubiţi ai mei…” (1 Corinteni 4:14-21). Abordarea lui Pavel aici este complet diferită. Cuvintele de mustrare sunt urmate acum de cuvinte pline de milă. Acuzația apostolului s-a încheiat, lăsând loc chemării părintești. Și așa ar trebui să fie în orice lucrare. Este nevoie de severitate, însă aceasta trebuie să fie urmată întotdeauna de mesajul blândeții. Așadar, marele apostol îi mustră pe baza:

1) Unei relații parentale în Hristos „Căci chiar dacă aţi avea zece mii de învăţători în Hristos, totuşi n-aveţi mai mulţi părinţi, pentru că eu v-am născut în Hristos Isus, prin Evanghelie. De aceea vă rog să călcaţi pe urmele mele” (1 Corinteni 4:15-16). După ce li se adresează ca unor fii preaiubiți, Pavel îi asigură că scopul lui nu este să-i facă să-și plece capul de rușine, ci mai degrabă să îi dojenească. Ca tată, el își dorește ca ei să crească „în mustrarea şi învăţătura Domnului” (Efeseni 6:4). În paragraful anterior, li s-a adresat ca un pedagog, însă acum vrea să le vorbească precum un tată. Pedagogul era un educator care era responsabil cu supravegherea unui băiat în ce privea îmbrăcămintea, hrana, vorbirea și manierele până când acesta devenea major. Pavel însă dorește ca ei să acționeze ca niște adulți (v. 16). Se înțelege că Pavel dorea ca cei din Corint să îl imite în măsura în care el îl urma pe Hristos. Aceasta era o provocare la o trăire matură (atât pentru el, cât și pentru ceilalți), spre deosebire de comportamentul lor copilăresc de care dăduseră dovadă. Ce provocare pentru mine și pentru tine! Este timpul să ne maturizăm și să lăsăm copilăria în urmă! Pavel își continuă pledoaria pe baza:

2) Unei amintiri personale în Hristos „Pentru aceasta v-am trimis pe Timotei, care este copilul meu preaiubit şi credincios în Domnul. El vă va aduce aminte de felul meu de purtare în Hristos şi de felul cum învăţ eu pe oameni pretutindeni în toate bisericile” (1 Corinteni 4:17). Corintenii trecuseră cu vederea multe din adevărurile învățate de la el. Așa că, l-a trimis pe Timotei la ei, ca să le amintească învățăturile, să îi ajute să fie fii vrednici ai lui Dumnezeu. Această lucrare de aducere aminte este subestimată în experiența noastră creștină. Într-adevăr, o mare parte din responsabilitatea predicatorului este să ne amintească de adevărurile uitate sau neglijate (vezi 2 Petru 3:1). Acesta este unul din rolurile de bază ale Duhului Sfânt în vremea aceasta, „să ne aducă aminte” de lucrurile pe care Domnul ne-a învățat în trecut. Tot așa, și Masa Domnului are scopul să ne amintească în mod repetat adevărurile centrale ale evangheliei și să ne amintească de revenirea lui Hristos. Inima ce răspunde lucrării de aducere aminte, însă, este aceea care a fost zdrobită la cruce și care este gata să accepte nu doar corecția, ci și mila. În cele din urmă, Pavel își prezintă pledoaria pe baza:

3) Unei responsabilități pastorale în Hristos „Ce voiţi? Să vin la voi cu nuiaua sau cu dragoste şi cu duhul blândeţii?” (1 Corinteni 4:21). Știind că totuși vor mai fi oameni mândri în Corint (v. 18), în pledoaria sa plină de milă, Pavel culminează cu o notă de autoritate. El le spune că, dacă Domnul va voi, va veni la ei să vadă dacă este într-adevăr o opoziție arogantă în Corint sau totul e doar o vorbărie goală (v. 19). El le amintește că împărăția lui Dumnezeu nu înseamnă doar vorbe, ci o trăire în puterea lui Hristos cel înviat (v. 20). Dumnezeu pune la dispoziția creștinilor toate cele necesare pentru ca ei să poată trăi ca oameni responsabili. Acesta este scopul crucii lui Hristos și puterea învierii.

Concluzie: Pavel încheie spunând: „Ce voiţi? Să vin la voi cu nuiaua sau cu dragoste şi cu duhul blândeţii?” (1 Corinteni 4:21). El îi lasă să aleagă dacă îl vor primi ca pe un tată, cu dragoste și blândețe. Dragostea lui Pavel pentru copiii săi în credință nu era o dragoste oarbă, ușuratică și sentimentală. Din contră, era o dragoste conștientă că uneori este necesară și disciplinarea, iar el era pregătit să o aplice. Există o dragoste care poate distruge o persoană, trecându-i cu vederea greșelile. Există însă și o dragoste care poate ridica un om, punându-l față în față cu adevărul, așa cum este el în Isus Hristos. Soluția pentru dezbinările din biserică este acceptarea mustrării, care frânge mândria noastră și ne face să umblăm pe calea crucii. Soluția presupune însă și acceptarea milei, care ne încurajează să trăim, să învățăm și să iubim ca niște fii maturi ai lui Dumnezeu. Ești pregătit să îndeplinești aceste condiții și să cunoști astfel pacea și bucuria de a face voia Tatălui?

Partea A IV-A: Schițe De Predici

Pentru versiunea audio a acestor predici în limba engleză, dați click pe link-urile următoare: Link 1 - Jn. 15:12-13; Link 2 - Jn. 15:14-17, Link 3 - Jn. 16:5-15

Title 1: Five characteristics of a true disciple (Jn. 15:1-17)

Titlu 1: Cinci caracteristici ale unui ucenic adevărat (Ioan 15:1-17)

Notă: Vezi ediția de iarnă 2018 a acestui jurnal pentru punctele 1-3 (Ioan 15:1-11).

Punctul #4: Cea de-a patra caracteristică a unui ucenic adevărat este… dragostea (12-13)

Punctul #5: Cea de-a patra caracteristică a unui ucenic adevărat este… cunoașterea (14-17)

Titlu 2: Venirea Duhului Sfânt (Ioan 16:5-15)

Punctul #1: Isus L-a trimis pe Duhul Sfânt ca să fie Ajutorul / Mângâietorul nostru (5-7)

Punctul #2: Isus L-a trimis pe Duhul Sfânt ca să dovedească lumea vinovată (8-11)

Punctul #3: Isus L-a trimis pe Duhul Sfânt ca să îi călăuzească pe credincioși în tot adevărul (12-15)

Related Topics: Pastors

The Net Pastors Journal, Rus Ed 27, Весеннее издание 2018

Весеннее издание 2018

Служение Института Библейского Проповедования…

“Укреплять Церковь через библейскую проповедь и руководство”
Автор: Проф. Роджер Паскоу, Президент,
Институт Библейского Проповедования
Кембридж, Онтарио, Канада
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 519-620-2375

Часть I:  Подготовка К Проповеди

“Окончание проповеди”

A. Заканчивая Проповедь

На протяжении многих лет идет много споров о том, должны ли проповедники использовать полные рукописи проповеди на кафедре, или просто план проповеди, или заметки о ней, или ничего.

1. Полная Версия Проповеди

Если у вас не было большого опыта проповедования, я рекомендую вам полностью писать свои проповеди, даже если вы не будете брать их полную версию с собой на кафедру.

2. План Проповеди Вкратце

Я использую план проповеди вкратце. Под «проповедью» я имею в виду усиленные моменты в проповеди, частичную рукопись, объединенные абзацы.

Основные особенности проповеди:

  • Напишите «ведущие» предложения в полном объеме

Отступающий добавочный материал разместите под ними. Это могут быть заметки.

  • Напишите иллюстрации в полном объеме.

Я вставляю их в рамку, чтобы их легко можно было найти

  • Запишите применение, чтобы задействовать память

Как и иллюстрации, я вставляю применение в рамку, чтобы его легко находить. Это также поможет вам оценить, делаете ли вы применение соответственно пунктам ваших проповедей, и насколько ваши проповеди применимы к жизни.

Когда вы говорите о применении, вы можете позволить себе быть более незабываемыми, но убедитесь, что вы продумали его заранее. Применение - очень важно. Обязательно сделайте его современными и актуальным

  • Выпишите введение полностью

Запомните свое введение - по крайней мере, вступительно «привлеките внимание». Убедитесь, что ваша «проповедь в одном предложении» тщательно, лаконично и точно сформулирована.

  • Запишите свое окончание в полном объеме

Осторожно продумайте, как вы сделаете свой последний призыв в конце своей проповеди и как вы попросите людей ответить на него.

  • Выпишите все свои переходы между основными пунктами проповеди в полном объеме

Переходы между сегментами вашей проповеди - очень важный аспект проповеди. Это гарантирует, что люди последуют за вашими мыслями - то есть, чтобы они понимали, как вы перешли от одного основного пункта к другому.

Существует несколько преимуществ использования краткого изложения проповеди:

a) Оно дает мне все важные данные, которые мне нужны, не заставляя меня тратить время, чтобы написать всю проповедь слово-в-слово.

б) Оно не позволяет мне попасть в ловушку чрезмерной подготовки.

в) Оно мешает мне читать мою проповедь.

г) Оно выявляет как бы “карту” проповеди, чтобы я не уходил из намеченного курса или не забывал важные моменты.

д) Оно дает мне правильные слова в нужное время (например, для основных пунктов и пояснительных материалов).

е) Оно связывает меня с другими Писаниями, которые я мог бы не запомнить иначе.

ж) Оно выявляет соответственные иллюстрации в соответствующих пунктах.

з) Оно фокусирует меня на применении в соответствующих пунктах.

и) Оно подсказывает мне переходы, когда они необходимы, чтобы я о них не забывал.

к) Оно регулирует продолжительность проповеди.

Даже если вы не можете написать полную версию проповеди, убедитесь ...

  • Что ваша короткая проповедь включает в себя тщательно продуманные слова, фразы, образы, иллюстрации и т. д., потому что обычно вы не можете думать о нужных словах во время проповеди.
  • Что ваша проповедь вкратце следует краткому плану абзацев текста проповеди (введение, основные моменты, иллюстрации, применение, выводы)
  • Чтобы ваша проповедь была написана в таком формате, который вам на стоит перечитывать снова.

Вывод. Какую бы форму заметок вы не взяли с собой на кафедру, помните, что проповеди являются приношением Богу, которые оказывают вечное воздействие на жизни людей и, следовательно, достойны тщательной подготовки.

Б. Заканчивая Послание

Подготовка к проповеди включает в себя больше, чем написание проповеди. Ваша рукопись должна стать посланием от Бога, которое вы несете людям. Поэтому, как только подготовка рукописи была завершена ...

1. Молитвенно Рассмотрите Послание

Сделайте последние изменения в грамматике, теологии, экзегезе, иллюстрациях, применении, формулировках и т. д. Протестируйте всю проповедь:

  • Является ли она библейской, точной и понятной?
  • Являются ли иллюстрации истинными?
  • Является ли применение актуальным на сегодня?
  • Все ли в проповеди нужно?
  • Вносит ли каждый пункт свой вклад?

Устраните то, что не нужно, не истинно, не точно или не важно. Ознакомьтесь с планом, содержанием и мысленным потоком проповеди. Добавьте все, что необходимо для ее укрепления. Удостоверьтесь, что тот, кто никогда не слышал этого послания, мог бы понять его и применить к своей жизни.

2. Молитвенно Соотнесите Послание (проповедуйте его себе)

Сначала свяжите проповедь с самим собой (прежде чем вы будете проповедовать ее людям) с точки зрения того, как вы ее применяете, и насколько вы ей послушны. Мы не имеем права проповедовать проповедь, которой мы сами не следуем. Это процесс рождения. Убедитесь, что у вас есть послание.

3. Молитвенно Репетируйте Послание (молитесь им перед Богом)

Когда вы молитесь, пройдите через всю проповедь в молитве перед Богом. Размышляя над проповедью - молитесь Богу, чтобы он показал вам все, что должно изменить или устранить, и все, чему вам нужно повиноваться, что исповедовать или как применять к вашей собственной жизни. Эта торжественная дисциплина покажет, следует ли делать дальнейшие корректировки, или у вас уже есть Его одобрение. Только тогда вы готовы проповедовать. В вашей молитве я предлагаю вам предложить свою проповедь Богу, как жертву, прося Его о том, чтобы она была приятна Ему.

4. Вывод

Как посланник Господа, применяйте любой метод у алтаря, который поможет вам понять вашу жизнь и сделает вас наиболее эффективным в общении с Божьим Словом. «Старайся представить себя Богу достойным, делателем неукоризненным, верно преподающим слово истины». Затем выходите и «проповедуйте Слово».

В. Последний Обзор

1. Каждая Проповедь Имеет Четыре Эффективных Компонента В Структуре

а) Введение

В нем вы привлекаете внимание всей своей аудитории, говорите тему, («проповедь в предложение») и обращаетесь к аудитории и к Слову.

б) Основное содержание (экспозиция)

Содержание вашей проповеди состоит из пояснительного материала, который обычно делится на основные пункты, иллюстрации и применение.

c) Суммирование или заключение

Здесь вы приводите свою проповедь к заключению посредством объединения всех пунктов, увещевания и приглашения (см. зимнее издание этого журнала 2018 года).

г) Переходные предложения

Переходные предложения помогают вам сделать плавный и логичный переход между основными частями проповеди - от введения к основной части проповеди; между основными пунктами проповеди; от основного содержания проповеди к ее заключению.

2. У Каждой Проповеди Есть Четыре Вызова

а) “Растянуть” ум = научить, информировать, познание Бога, библейское мировоззрение

б) Размешать, смягчать, прикасаться к сердцу = привязанность, отношения со Христом

в) Стимулировать, развивать чувствительность, покалывать совесть = исповедь, святость жизни

г) Формировать, подчинять волю = послушание, подчинение воле Бога

Просмотрите каждую проповедь, чтобы убедиться, что она выполняет все четыре задачи.

3. Храните В Разуме Три Важных Элемента

a) Ваша тема / предмет - обеспечивает единство

«Какова основная тема?» (Большая тема проповеди, темы, проповеди в предложение). Спросите себя: «Что я буду говорить об этой теме?»

б) Ваши мысли - они обеспечивают структуру и движение

«Каковы объединяющие мысли?» (Основные моменты). Какие мысли раскрывают тему / предмет? Выделите мысли в «закрепленной» форме.

c) Ваша тяга - это направление и назначение

«Что такое мотивирующая тяга?» (Цель проповеди). Чего требует истина? Что вы хотите, чтобы они делали? Какое применение вы собираетесь сделать?

Часть II: Проповедь Послания

“От начала до конца”

Поучительно, что апостол Павел, в конце своих посланий к Колоссянам и Ефесянам, просит молиться о его способности проповедовать, иметь ясность, возможности и мужество.

«Молитесь также и о нас, чтобы Бог открыл нам дверь для слова, возвещать тайну Христа, за которую я и в узах, дабы я открыл ее как должно мне возвещать» (Кол. 4: 3-4)

«И (молясь) за меня, дабы мне дано было слово, устами моими открыто и с дерзновением возвещать тайну благовествования, для которого я исполняю посольство в узах; дабы я смело проповедовал, как мне должно» (Еф.6: 19-20)

В обоих отрывках Павел повторяет фразу «как мне должно возвещать». Существует «должное» в проповеди:

1. “Как” мы должны проповедовать - со «смелостью», мужеством, страстью. Это происходит только тогда, когда мы уполномочены Святым Духом преодолевать нашу слабость и защищаться Святым Духом в конфликте с духовными врагами.

2. “Когда” мы должны проповедовать -«открытые двери», возможности.

3. “Что” мы должны проповедовать -«тайну Христа»; тайну Евангелия.

4. «Почему» мы должны проповедовать - «чтобы сделать тайну известной». Если мы это не сделаем, то кто это сделает? Если мы не сделаем ее известной, она будет скрыта и останется загадкой. В этом смысле проповедь является пророческой (открывающей истину Бога) и апокалиптической (снимающей завесу с истины).

5. «Как я должен проповедовать», указывает на ту самую необходимость и ответственность в проповеди.

Основанием для “должного” в проповеди является молитва. Нам нужно молиться самим о нашей проповеди, и нам нужно, чтобы другие молились за нас. Только с помощью Святого Духа мы можем проповедовать таким образом, чтобы люди ясно понимали проповедь, получали духовное обличение и отвечали на это соответственно. Павел просит, чтобы ему было дано «высказывание» - говорить Божьи слова. Таким образом, мы должны «проповедовать Слово» (2 Тим 4: 2, см. 1 Тим. 2: 7). Ясная, смелая, соответствующая проповедь Евангелия происходит только от посвящения Святому Духу и молитве. Когда Святой Дух дает возможность и силу к проповеди, мы будем проповедовать смело, быстро, страстно, убежденно и понятно.

A. Начальные Заметки

Ваши начальные заметки задают тон и действительно определяют, будут ли люди слушать вас или нет. Они указывают на что-то в отношении вас. Люди получают как бы шестое чувство относительно вас и ваших вступительных комментариев. Итак, продумайте их и говорите мудро. Вы либо будете успешны, либо потерпите поражение в этом моменте. Если вы потеряете внимание слушателей, их очень сложно будет вернуть.

Первоначальные заметки представляют собой переход от того, что было раньше, к тому, что происходит в данный момент. Всегда полезно связать предыдущую часть служения вместе с вашей проповедью, сказав или напомнив о том, что было сказано или сделано ранее и - например, похвалив или поблагодарив команду поклонения или оператора звуковой системы; или, упоминая что-то, что уже было ранее сказано или спето, что могло бы послужить естественным мостиком к вашей теме.

Очень хорошая практика - поблагодарить всех, кто принимал участие в служении, а также всех тех, кто служит в церкви в различных служениях - например, детских служителей, которые учат детей и присматривают за маленькими детьми. Общественное признание служителей - это хорошо и правильно.

Держитесь подальше от общей склонности рассказывать анекдоты или шутки. Шутки опасны, и, как правило, не связаны с тем, о чем вы собираетесь проповедовать.

Кратко поделитесь этими первоначальными фразами.

Б. Вступление

Проповедуя введение, убедитесь, что оно плавно переходит от начальных заметок к началу экспозиции.

Убедитесь, что ваше введение соответствует цели введения - для помощи в этом, см. Зимнее издание журнала 2018 года.

Где-то в вашем вступительном или вступительных фразах, не забудьте помолиться. Удивительно, сколько проповедников не молятся, перед тем, как начнут проповедовать, а некоторые не молятся вообще.

Если отрывок ваш не был прочитан ранее на богослужении, найдите подходящее время для прочтения вашего отрывка. Мне нравится читать мой собственный отрывок в то время, когда я проповедую, вместо того, чтобы кто-то еще читал его до меня. Таким образом, проповедь напрямую привязана к отрывку. Будьте очень осторожны в том, как вы читаете текст. Практикуйте это. Прочтите его осмысленно, медленно, выразительно (естественно), акцентируйте слова, фразы когда это необходимо, чтобы придать смысл. Используйте паузы для осмысления абзацев и акцентов. Хорошо попросить аудиторию встать для чтения Божьего Слова.

Пусть вступление будет кратким - я предлагаю не более 10-15% всей проповеди (т. е. 3 - 5 минут).

C. Экспозиция (Основная Часть Проповеди)

Экспозиция состоит из непрерывного взаимодействия между объяснением, иллюстрацией и применением. Объяснение текста помогает вашей аудитории понять изначальный смысл автора. Иллюстрации служат для разъяснения и укрепления объяснения - сделать его более ярким, реальным, понятным, актуальным, современным. Итак, иллюстрации действительно разъясняют объяснение. Применение делает смысл текста актуальным и практичным для жизни.

1. Объяснение

Как правило, объяснение - это часть проповеди, которая делает худшее:

  • потому что для этого требуется много времени на подготовку, и это нелегкая задача
  • потому что проповедники сегодня хотят прямо перейти к применению, к тому, как поступать на практике
  • потому что проповедники, похоже, хотят использовать текст просто, как мостик к теме, о которой они хотят говорить.

Удостоверьтесь, что вы хорошо объясняете. Тщательно определите принципы и покажите, как они взяты из текста. Если вы не объясняете вопрос «что» из текста, вы не можете эффективно и мощно применять вопросы «как» или «почему» в нем. Инструкция всегда предшествует действию; принцип всегда предшествует и закладывает основу для практики; доктрина предшествует и стоит на стороже.

2. Применение

Применение лучше всего делать по ходу проповеди, нежели в конце ее. Если вы оставите применение до конца то:

  • оно будет отделено от текста, из которого оно взято
  • оно становится рутинным, так что люди знают, когда оно приближается, и они могут “отключиться” к этому моменту.

В то время как ваше объяснение должно быть сделано точно и хорошо, убедитесь, что вы не застряли на нем. Вам нужно перейти от текста к повседневной жизни людей. Они должны быть достигнуты с Божьим словом.

В правильном практическом применении проповеди есть четыре основных принципа:

a) Личный принцип

Это принцип проповедника, применяющего Писание к его собственной жизни. Если вы проповедуете другим то, что вы не применяете в своей собственной жизни, не будет иметь силы в проповеди. Не только Бог знает, когда вы это делаете, но и люди тоже будут знать. Проповедник должен проповедовать то, во что он верит, и он должен соответственно жить.

б) Принцип воображения

Чтобы правильно применить текст, он должен стать реальным для вас. Люди, места и эмоции должны ожить. Если он для вас жив, тогда вам будет проще сделать его реальным для других людей и посмотреть, как оно относится к ним.

в) Принцип растяжения

Когда мы проповедуем людям в течение определенного периода времени и ведем их в этом, проповедник узнает их лучше - их страхи, их потребности, их надежды. Наши знания о людях, где они живут, и кто они, позволяют нам расширять применение Писания, чтобы охватить как можно больше из этих сфер. Знание не дает лицензии на использование текста не надлежащим образом или не точно. Существует только одно толкование Писания, но есть много применений к человеческому опыту и его проблемам.

г) Принцип провозглашения

Применение текста должно быть провозглашено с властью и ясностью. Не должно быть неопределенности в отношении применения текста. Люди приходят в церковь для четкого руководства, чтобы узнать, что говорит Бог, как они должны жить, и как они могут получить помощь в решении своих проблем. Поэтому применение должно быть четко высказано, так, чтобы люди не оставались в состоянии непонимания и не задавались вопросом, о чем шла речь.

3. Иллюстрации

Используйте иллюстрации мудро и правильно. Убедитесь, что они иллюстрируют то, что вы хотите сказать. Если вам нужно объяснять свою иллюстрацию, то она не четкая.

Старайтесь избегать попадания в некоторые из следующих общих ловушек:

  • Использование слишком многих иллюстраций, чтобы вся проповедь становится одной большой иллюстрацией.
  • Использование иллюстраций таким образом, чтобы они превалируют над проповедью.
  • Длинные иллюстрации. Иллюстрации должны быть краткими, точными, легко воспринимаемыми.

4. Заключение

Это кульминация проповеди. Это то, где вы объединяете тему (проповедь-в-предложение) с объяснением и раскрытием истины для жизни людей. Это то место, где “резина встречается с дорогой” в проповеди. Это, наряду с введением, вероятно, самая сложная часть проповеди, которую нужно сделать.

В заключении, попробуйте ...

  • кристаллизировать проповедь, т. е. обобщить все.
  • сделать проповедь личной, т. е. прямой и личной. Используйте «вы», если это возможно.
  • сделать проповедь актуальной - указать, что им нужно сделать в ответ на послание, и что вы ожидаете от них.

Таким образом, заключение по определению является обличающим. Фактически, всякая пророческая проповедь является конфронтирующей. Вы говорите: «Это то, что говорит Слово Господа, теперь это то, что вам нужно сделать».

Ответ, который вы ожидаете от них:

  • изменение отношения или практики
  • более глубокая любовь к Богу и людям
  • исповедание греха
  • восстановленные отношения
  • укрепление убеждений и веры
  • новое понимание истины
  • т.д.

Подготовьте заключение очень тщательно и стратегически.

Не вводите здесь новый материал. Укажите, как вы хотите, чтобы они ответили - например,

  • выйти вперед
  • молиться про себя
  • остаться стоять там, где они стоят
  • поднять руку
  • поговорить с вами после служения и т. д.

Дайте время им для ответа.

5. Переходы

Переходы делают передачу послания единой, гладкой, логичной, понятной. Не стоит недооценивать ценность и необходимость переходов между различными пунктами и разделами вашей проповеди. Я рекомендую вам написать каждый переход полностью

6. Проповедь как целое

Хорошая проповедь будет плавно двигаться и постепенно продвигаться к концу. У нее будет движение - прогрессирование споров, объяснения, применения, увещания и т. д. Когда вы выразите свою мысль, продолжайте! Она будет сбалансирована между разделами проповеди (введение, основная часть и заключение) и сбалансирована между основными пунктами, чтобы один пункт не занимал 90% проповеди. У проповеди будет скорость - как у марширующей группы, она не будет бежать в один момент и медленно ползти в другой, но она будет неуклонно продвигаться к цели.

Используйте слова экономно и точно. Найдите слова, которые наиболее точно выражают то, что вы хотите сказать. Помните, что многие проповедники слишком многословны. Если вы говорите дольше, чем необходимо, это отключает слушателей. Будьте точны, чтобы не было неопределенности или путаницы. Разрабатывайте изображения слов, аналогии, контрасты, которые вставляют идею в разум. Будьте яркими.

Часть III: Представление Экспозиции

“Призыв к порядку в церкви” (1 Кор. 4:6-21)

Проф. Стивен Ф. Олфорд

Введение. Эти стихи завершают отношение Павла к разделению в церкви. Вы помните, что он не только тщательно разбирался с проклятием, но и с причинами этих разделений в предыдущих главах. Теперь, наконец, он приходит к лекарству. Именно поэтому отрывок перед нами имеет исключительное значение не только для отдельных христиан, но особенно для жизни поместной церкви.

Секция делится на две части: первая часть характеризуется некой суровостью (стихи 6-13). Вторая часть характеризуется крайней нежностью (ст. 14-21). Чтобы выразить иначе, Павел сначала обращается к своим читателям со словом исправления, а затем завершает словом сострадания. Эти два обращения всегда звучат в представлении христианского послания, потому что они являются выражением самой природы Бога (см. Римлянам 11:22). Это было справедливым и в служении Спасителя. Время от времени было предупреждение, в то время, как в других случаях, был триумф. Некоторые обстоятельства требовали “просеивания” мужчин и женщин. В другое время было “ухаживание” за мужчинами и женщинами. Сначала мы рассмотрим:

I. Слово Исправления

«И вот это, братья, я приложил к себе и Аполлосу ради вас, чтобы вы научились от нас не мудрствовать сверх того, что написано ...» (1 Коринфянам 4: 6-13). Апостол говорит слово исправления, рассказывая Коринфянам, что он использовал Аполлоса и себя в качестве иллюстраций великих принципов, которые влияют на отношения между служителями, учителями и членами всей церкви. Для Павла характерно, что он не обращался к своим читателям, не задевая себя и свою жизнь. Он всегда был учтив и тактичен. Он включал себя также в свои собственные предупреждения и осуждения. С этой преамбулой Павел снова поражает первопричину и положительное лечение от всякого разделения личности и в церкви в целом:

1) Главная причина - грех и эгоцентризм в церкви «... чтобы никто из вас не превозносился один перед другим» (1 Коринфянам 4: 6). Совершенно очевидно, что сердце этого эгоцентризма - уродливая вещь под названием гордость. Использована известная фраза - «возгордились» - которая встречается не менее семи раз в этом послании (4:18, 19; 5: 2; 8: 1, 13: 4), Павел показывает, что гордость имеет следующие свойства:

а) Не библейская. - «... Учитесь у нас не мудрствовать сверх того, что написано ...» (1 Коринфянам 4: 6). Павел, несомненно, ссылается здесь на общее учение Писания о предмете гордости. Нет ничего, что Бог ненавидит больше, чем гордость человеческого сердца. Несомненно, апостол имел в виду такие ветхозаветные отрывки, как Даниил 4:34 и Исаия 42: 8, где ясно, что «Бог противится гордым», и «не поделится славой Его с другими». в Новом Завете, где сказано: «... Бог гордым противится, а смиренным дает благодать» (Иакова 4: 6). И «Смиритесь, следовательно, под могучую руку Божию, чтобы он возвысил вас в Свое время» (1 Петра 5: 6). Какая страшная мысль осознать, что Всемогущий Бог ставит Себя, чтобы противиться и подавлять гордость в человеческом сердце, где бы Он ни находил ее! Пока с этой чудовищной вещью церковь не начнет разбираться, всегда будут разногласия и утверждения. Но гордость не только не библейская, но и:

б) Не духовна. - «Ибо кто отличает тебя? Что ты имеешь, чего бы не получил? А если получил, что хвалишься, как будто не получил? » (1 Коринфянам 4: 7). Гордый человек не видит, что Бог не только создал людей по-другому, но и является единственным источником как естественных, так и духовных надежд. Только не духовный христианин не признает различий, а также исходных этих даров Поэтому Павел, по сути, спрашивает: «О чем вы так гордитесь? Что у вас есть, что Бог не дал вам? И если все, что у вас есть, от Бога, почему вы видите себя такими великими и как будто вы совершили что-то сами? » (ст.7 «Живые письма»). Вся беда в коринфской церкви и во многих поместных церквях сегодня заключается в том, что христиане забывают, что они обязаны всему, что у них есть, только одному Богу. Но Павел продолжает показывать, в-третьих, гордость:

c) Не общительна. - «Вы уже пресытились. Вы уже обогатились. Вы стали царствовать без нас. О, если бы вы и в самом деле царствовали, чтобы и нам с вами царствовать!» (1 Коринфянам 4: 8). С увядающей иронией и святым презрением Павел описывает нелюдимое состояние, в которое гордость принесла этих коринфян. Это было условие самодовольства, самодостаточности и снобистского превосходства. Затем Павел указывает на жалящую сатиру, что такая гордость отделила их от него. В Нагорной проповеди Иисус говорит, что это те, кто голоден и жаждет праведности, наполнятся, это - слабые, которые становятся богатыми и наследуют землю, и что это те, кто нищ духом, получат царство и будут править. Но для этих Коринфян все было иначе. Какие слова тут есть, и все же, насколько это необходимо, чтобы было божественное исправление в нашей церковной жизни сегодня! В наших религиозных кругах едва ли возникает проблема, которая не может быть прослежена до этой не библейской, не духовной и нелюдимой вещи, называемой гордостью.

В нашем последнем исследовании, Апостол осуждает всевозможное хвастовство, но здесь, в этом разделе, он пытается исправить это, говоря о грехе эгоцентризма в церкви. Сделав это, он обращается к положительному “лечению” от разделений в поместной церкви:

2) Положительное лечение - быть церковью, сфокусированной на Христе «Я думаю, что Бог показал нам, Апостолы, последние, как люди, приговоренные к смерти ...» (1 Коринфянам 4: 9). В последующих стихах Павел показывает, что единственный ответ на эгоцентризм - это фокус на Христа, и что единственное противоядие духу гордости является путь креста. Кажется, что Павел чувствовал, что он был объектом безжалостных насмешек мира на арене жизни. Чтобы объяснить, что он имел в виду, Павел описывает путь креста в терминах:

a) Психическое страдание. - «Мы безумны ради Христа, но вы мудры во Христе! Мы немощны,, а вы крепки! Вы в славе, а мы - в бесчестии! »(1 Коринфянам 4:10). С иронической игрой на слова Павел противопоставляет страдания служителей Бога с утонченностью коринфских верующих. Поскольку Павел и его братья были ассоциированы с крестом Христа, они стали зрелищем для всего мира, для ангелов и для людей, - они были выставлены на обширной театральной сцене для всех и каждого, чтобы насмехаться и презирать. Интересно, готовы ли вы и я быть высмеяны за наше послание? Сколько из нас соблазняется скомпрометировать Евангелие, потому что оно не популярно и презираемо?

Однако путь креста предполагает не только психическое страдание, но и:

б) Физическое страдание. - «Даже доныне терпим голод и жажду, и наготу и побои и скитаемся» (1 Коринфянам 4:11). Павел явно ссылается на то, с какими трудностями сталкивался в то время, когда писал. Правда, он страдал в прошлом, но он говорит: «Даже доныне ...» Вот четыре вещи, которые мы считаем само собой разумеющимися, как основные жизненные потребности - пища, одежда, защита и приют; но Павлу не хватало во всех этих случаях. Но он действительно трудился своими руками (стих 12). Апостола учили делать палатки из козьих волос (Деян. 18: 3), но такой ручной труд был презираем среди греков. Тот факт, что он занимался этим в Коринфе, вызвал опасения среди святых (см. 2 Коринфянам 11: 7). Но это путь креста, и мы не должны его забывать.

Павел заканчивает этот параграф, объединив два аспекта его страданий, сказал: «... хулят нас, мы молим. Мы как сор для мира, как прах, попираемый всеми до сего дня »(1 Коринфянам 4:13). Когда он начал, он заключил - с поразительной метафорой о человеческих жертвоприношениях в греческом городе. Когда преступников приносили в жертву, чтобы успокоить гнев богов, бедные негодяи были брошены в море, и это слово, которое Павел использует для описания себя. Буквально в предложении говорится: «Мы, как отходы и отбросы всех вещей». Одним словом, мы всего лишь мусор.

Интересно, как многие из нас готовы идти путем креста. Возможно, нам не удастся испытать физические трудности в этом богатом обществе, но все мы призваны страдать умственно ради Христа, потому что, если мы верны нашему посланию Христа распятого, мы будем изгоями мира, объектами смеха, презрения и насмешек. Вот тогда слово исправления, которое Павел обращает к коринфской церкви. Но с этой серьезностью он также подмечает нежность и в заключение он говорит:

II. Слово Сострадания

Вы можете почувствовать сердце любви Апостола, когда он обращается к своим читателям как к своим «любимым детям». «Я не пишу это, чтобы стыдить вас, но как моих возлюбленных детей предупреждаю вас ...» (1 Коринфянам 4: 14-21) , Подход Павла здесь совершенно другой. Теперь слово исправления сопровождается словом сострадания. Обвинение Апостола уступило место призыву отца. И так должно быть во всем служении. Серьезность необходима, но за ней всегда следует послание о нежности. Поэтому великий Апостол увещевает их на основании:

1) Родительские отношения во Христе «Ибо, хотя у вас тысячи наставников во Христе, но не много отцов; ибо во Христе Иисусе Я родил вас благовествованием. Поэтому я призываю вас, подражайте мне как я Христу»

(1 Коринфянам 4: 15-16). Обратившись к ним как к возлюбленным сыновьям, Павел уверяет, что это не его план заставить их повесить головы в стыде, но скорее ободрить их. Как отец, он хочет, чтобы их воспитывали «в воспитании и увещевании Господа» (Ефесянам 6: 4). В предыдущем параграфе он обращался с ними, как учитель, но теперь он хочет поговорить с ними как отец. Наставник был по существу дисциплинирующим человеком, который отвечал за их отношение к одежде, еде, речи и манерам. Но Павел хочет, чтобы они теперь стали взрослыми сыновьями (стих 16). Излишне говорить, что Павел хотел, чтобы коринфяне подражали ему в той мере, в какой он следовал за Христом. Это было проблемой зрелости (для него и их), в отличие от “детского” незрелого поведения, которое они выражали. Какое слово для нас! Пришло время, нам вырасти и оставить позади наше детство! Павел продолжает взывать дальше к:

2) Личным воспоминаниям во Христе «По этой причине я послал к вам Тимофея, который является моим возлюбленным и верным сыном в Господе, который напомнит вам о моих путях во Христе, как я учу везде в каждой церкви» (1 Коринфянам 4:17). Коринфяне упустили многие истины, которым он их научил. Поэтому Тимофей собирался напомнить им о тех учениях, чтобы помочь им быть достойными сыновьями и дочерьми Бога. Это служение воспоминаний недооценивается в нашей христианской жизни. Действительно, значительная часть ответственности проповедника состоит в том, чтобы напомнить нам об истинах, которые были забыты или стали пренебрегаемы (см. 2 Петра 3: 1). Это одна из величайших функций Святого Духа в этом веке: «помочь нам вспомнить» то, чему Господь учил нас в прошлом. Так же «Господь» призван напоминать нам неоднократно о центральных истинах Евангелия и о скором возвращении Христа. Сердце, которое отвечает на служение памяти, однако, является тем, что было сокрушено на кресте и готово принять не только слово исправления, но и слово сострадания. Наконец, Павел представляет свой призыв на основе:

3) Пастырская ответственность во Христе «Что вы хотите? С жезлом ли прийти к вам или с любовью и духом кротости?» (1 Коринфянам 4:21). Зная, что в Коринфе по-прежнему будут некоторые гордые люди (ст. 18), Павел заканчивает сострадательным обращением с этой заметкой власти. Он говорит им, что, если Господь пожелает, он придет к ним, а затем выяснит, была ли на самом деле высокомерная оппозиция в Коринфе или просто пустые разговоры (стих 19). Он напоминает им, что Царство Божье это не просто слова, но жизнь во власти воскресшего Христа (стих 20). Бог предоставил все средства, с помощью которых христиане должны жить, как ответственные мужчины и женщины. В этом и заключается цель креста Христа и всей силы воскресения.

Вывод: Итак, Павел заканчивает словами: «Что вы хотите? С жезлом ли прийти к вам или с любовью и духом кротости?»(1 Коринфянам 4:21). Он дает им выбор: получат ли они его, как отца в духе любви и кротости. Любовь Павла к его детям в вере не была слепой, легкой, сентиментальной. Напротив, она была той, которая знала, когда им была нужна дисциплина, и когда это было необходимо, он был готов ее использовать. Есть любовь, которая может разрушить человека, закрыв глаза на его недостатки. В то же время есть любовь, которая может создать человека, столкнув его лицом к лицу с истиной, которая во Христе Иисусе. Излечение от разделений в Церкви - это принятие слова исправления, которое разрушает нашу гордость и заставляет нас идти по тропе креста. Это также признание слова сострадания, которое побуждает нас жить, учиться и любить, будучи взрослыми детьми Бога. Готовы ли вы выполнить эти условия и познать мир и радость от творения воли Отца?

Часть IV: План Проповеди

Чтобы прослушать аудиоверсию этих проповедей на английском языке, нажмите на эти ссылки: Link 1 - Jn. 15:12-13; Link 2 - Jn. 15:14-17, Link 3 - Jn. 16:5-15

1: Пять характеристик истинного ученика (Ин. 15: 1-17)

Примечание: см. Зимнее издание этого журнала 2018 года для пунктов 1-3 (Иоанна 15: 1-11).

4: Четвертая характеристика истинного ученика - это ... любовь (12-13)

5: Пятая характеристика истинного ученика - это знание (14-17)

2: Пришествие Святого Духа (Ин 16: 5-15)

1: Иисус послал Святого Духа, чтобы быть нашим Помощником / Утешителем (5-7)

2: Иисус послал Святого Духа, чтобы осудить мир (8-11)

3: Иисус послал Святого Духа, чтобы направлять верующих во всю истину (12-15)

Related Topics: Pastors

15. God’s Purpose for His People (Exodus 19:1-25)

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Life of Moses (15)

June 3, 2018

Have you ever had a “mountaintop experience” with God? That familiar expression probably comes from the fact that many godly men in the Bible had significant experiences with God on a mountain. God gave His covenant to Noah on Mount Ararat after the ark came to rest there after the flood. God provided a ram for Abraham as a substitute for Isaac on Mount Moriah. Elijah defeated the prophets of Baal on Mount Carmel. Jesus Himself was transfigured on a mountain, where Moses and Elijah joined him as Peter, James, and John looked on with awe. And in our text, Moses has an amazing meeting with God on Mount Sinai, where (in Exodus 20) he receives the Ten Commandments.

The famous evangelist Billy Graham had a life-changing encounter with the Lord at Forest Home Christian Conference Center, where you can see the rock where he knelt and committed himself to preach the Bible as God’s Word. Young people often have life-changing encounters with the Lord at Christian camps in the mountains. I remember as a fifth-grader committing myself to follow the Lord at Camp Seely in Crestline, California. Little did I know that someday I’d come back there to serve as a pastor for 15 years! So mountaintop experiences can be good.

But what do you do after a mountaintop experience with God? Is it just a momentary high or does it result in lifelong changes? We’re not left to wonder how Moses’ mountaintop experience with God is supposed to result in ongoing action for the Lord’s people. God reveals here His purpose for His people. It applied first to Israel as God’s chosen people, but it also applies to the church:

Our response to God’s gracious salvation should be obedience and reverence so that as His channel for blessing the nations we proclaim His glory.

In Exodus 19, we come to the second main division of the book. The theme of Exodus 1-18 is salvation, revealing God’s power. In Exodus 19-24 the theme is the Law, revealing God’s holiness and the holiness He expects from His people. In Exodus 25-40 the theme is the Tabernacle, revealing God’s presence in worship. The entire book shows how God kept His covenant with Abraham by delivering his descendants from slavery and making them into a great nation.

Exodus 19 begins by telling us that three months (lit., “moons”) to the day after Israel went out of Egypt they came into the wilderness of Sinai and camped “in front of the mountain.” Verse 3 states, “Moses went up to God, and the Lord called to him from the mountain.” “The mountain” refers to Mount Sinai, which is near where God met Moses at the burning bush. It was also called, “Horeb, the mountain of God” (Exod. 3:2). At that encounter, God promised Moses (Exod. 3:12), “Certainly I will be with you, and this shall be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: when you have brought the people out of Egypt, you shall worship God at this mountain.” Now God has kept that promise. The first lesson is that …

1. God has graciously saved us so that we will be His own possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.

God’s message through Moses to Israel was (Exod. 19:4-6):

“You yourselves have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles’ wings, and brought you to Myself. Now then, if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant, then you shall be My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.” These are the words that you shall speak to the sons of Israel.

A. God’s salvation is totally by His grace, not by our merits.

God tells Moses to remind Israel of what He had done for them. While they were still enslaved in Egypt, God raised up Moses and sent him to Pharaoh to demand their release. When Pharaoh refused, God brought the ten plagues on Egypt. He parted the Red Sea for Israel to cross and destroyed Pharaoh’s pursuing army in the sea. The exodus is a great illustration of our salvation when the Lord delivered us from bondage to Satan’s domain of darkness.

Then God bore Israel on eagles’ wings. The picture is of a mother eagle, who pushes the baby eagles out of the nest so that they learn to fly. When they fall, she swoops under them, lifting them on her wings back to safety. It’s a beautiful picture of God’s love and grace in dealing with us, especially when we’re new believers. Israel deserved judgment for their grumbling over no food or water, but God graciously rained bread from heaven and brought water from the rock. He graciously deals with us as a mother tenderly cares for her young children (1 Thess. 2:7).

The Lord adds (Exod. 19:4), “I … brought you to Myself.” Salvation is always personal. It’s not a “fire insurance policy” that you file away for future use if needed. Salvation means entering a personal relationship with a gracious Father through the provision He has made through His “Passover Lamb,” the Lord Jesus Christ. First Peter 3:18 says, “For Christ also died for sins once for all, the just for the unjust, so that He might bring us to God ….”

Almost 40 years later Moses reminded Israel of God’s words in our text (Deut. 7:6-8):

“For you are a holy people to the Lord your God; the Lord your God has chosen you to be a people for His own possession out of all the peoples who are on the face of the earth. The Lord did not set His love on you nor choose you because you were more in number than any of the peoples, for you were the fewest of all peoples, but because the Lord loved you and kept the oath which He swore to your forefathers, the Lord brought you out by a mighty hand and redeemed you from the house of slavery, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.”

Peter Gentry and Stephen Wellum (God’s Kingdom through God’s Covenants [Crossway], p. 141), point out that the old covenant was based upon grace, just as the new covenant is, and grace motivates the keeping of the covenant. God doesn’t choose anyone because He foresees something good in them, such as faith or obedience. If He did, grace would not be grace (Rom. 11:6). He chooses us simply because of His sovereign grace and love, apart from any merit in us. And He does it to bring us into a relationship with Himself!

B. God’s salvation brings us into an exclusive covenant relationship with Him.

Scholars point out that Exodus 19:3-8 follows the pattern of ancient Near Eastern covenants between a king and a vassal people (Walter Kaiser, Expositor’s Bible Commentary [Zondervan], ed. by Frank Gaebelein, 2:415). There is a preamble summons by God (v. 3), followed by a historical prologue (v. 4). Then there are the stipulations of the covenant (v. 5a), blessings for obedience (vv. 5b-6), and acceptance in a solemn assembly (vv. 7-8).

Jason DeRouchie (How to Understand and Apply the Old Testament [P & R Publishing], p. 211) points out that the Mosaic covenant accomplished the first part of God’s covenant to Abram (Gen. 12:1-3), where God promised to make a great nation of Abram’s descendants and give them the land of Canaan; but the second part, to bless all the nations through Abram’s seed, is only accomplished through Jesus Christ in the new covenant. Thus,

1) Moses was the mediator of the old covenant.

A mediator stands between the holy God and His sinful people, to bring the two together. Unlike many pagan gods, the one true God did not dwell on the mountaintop. He had to come down to Mount Sinai to meet with Moses (Exod. 19:20). Psalm 113:6 declares that God has to humble Himself to behold the things that are in heaven and in the earth! There is no way that sinful creatures can connect with God unless He comes down to us. And even then, we need a mediator to go between Him and us.

Moses served in that role for Israel when God introduced the old covenant. He instructed the people on how to get ready to meet with God: Washing their garments (v. 10) pictured making sure that their hearts were clean before they approached Him. Abstaining from marital relations (v. 15) did not imply that sex in marriage is sinful, but under the old covenant, it did render people ceremonially unclean (Lev. 15:18). This stood in contrast to many pagan religions, which included ritual sex in their “worship.”

But, if God wanted Israel to be brought to Himself, then why did He place all of these restrictions and warnings on them? If they or their animals touched the border of the mountain, they were to be put to death (vv. 12-13). If they broke through the barrier to gaze upon God when He appeared to Moses, they would perish (vv. 21, 24). God did this to teach Israel that He is holy and that there is an uncrossable chasm between Him and sinners. He is in heaven and we are on earth. He is immortal, the giver of life; we are mortal because of our sins. Through eating from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, Adam and Eve wrongly sought to know what God had forbidden. Even so, we should not intrude on secrets that God has chosen not to reveal (Matthew Henry, Matthew Henry’s Commentary on the Whole Bible [Revell], 1:357). Thus under the old covenant, Moses was the mediator.

2) Jesus Christ is the mediator of the new covenant.

The old covenant was limited to Israel, mediated through Moses. But the new covenant in Christ extends to all people. After exhorting us to pray for all men, Paul added (1 Tim. 2:3-5):

This is good and acceptable in the sight of God our Savior, who desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. For there is one God, and one mediator also between God and men, the man Christ Jesus.

Jesus is the mediator of the new covenant (Heb. 9:15; 12:24). DeRouchie (ibid. pp. 425-426) explains three ways in which Jesus’ work fulfilled Exodus 19:4-6:

First, the initial exodus typologically anticipated a greater, more universal second exodus that Jesus himself embodies…. Second, Christ fulfilled the charge of this text as the perfect royal priest, bringing us to God and empowering us to serve him…. Third, Christ represented the nation of Israel, succeeding where it failed and by this magnifying God (see esp. Isa. 49:1-6)…. As the holy king-priest, Jesus perfectly represented Israel and reflected God’s holiness.

Don’t miss the point: You need a God-appointed mediator to approach Him! God is absolutely holy and we are sinful. Any attempt to approach God by your own merits or good deeds will end with your perishing on the Day of Judgment, just as the Israelites would have perished if they had tried to break through to God on the mountain without a mediator. Jesus is the mediator God has provided. You can draw near to God by putting your trust in Jesus’ death and resurrection on your behalf.

Thus, God’s salvation is completely by His grace, not by our merits. It brings us into an exclusive covenant relationship with Him through Jesus the only mediator.

C. God’s salvation means that we are His own possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.

God’s purpose was for Israel to be (Exod. 19:5-6), “My own possession among all the peoples, for all the earth is Mine; and you shall be to Me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.” Peter applies this old covenant promise to Israel to the church, made up of Jews and Gentiles (1 Pet. 2:9): “But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for God’s own possession, so that you may proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.”

1) God’s salvation means that we are His own possession.

“My own possession” means “‘special treasure’ belonging privately to a king (1 Chron. 29:3). This implies special value as well as special relationship” (R. A. Cole, Exodus [IVP], p. 144). God owns the entire earth (Exod. 19:5), but He especially owns the people whom He has chosen to be His. We are not our own; we’ve been bought with a price (1 Cor. 6:19-20). What an amazing privilege to be God’s special treasure!

2) God’s salvation means that we are a kingdom of priests.

“Kingdom of priests” and “holy nation” both expand on the meaning of, “My own possession” (Gentry and Wellum, p. 143). “Kingdom of priests” does not occur anywhere else in the Old Testament (but, see Isa. 61:6, “you will be called priests of the Lord”). Priests mediate between God and people. We are to mediate the blessings of Abraham through Christ to the nations. Revelation 1:6 declares, “And He [Jesus Christ] has made us to be a kingdom, priests to His God and Father.” One of the great truths recovered during the Reformation is that there is no special class of priests now. Rather, all who believe in Jesus are priests, with access to come directly into God’s presence through the blood of Christ. Again, what an amazing privilege!

3) God’s salvation means that we are a holy nation.

To be holy means to be set apart and devoted unto God, separate from all moral pollution. God calls His people to holiness because He Himself is holy (Lev. 19:2; 1 Pet. 1:15-16). This means that there must be a distinction between the people of the world and the people of God. If we’re not distinct in our thinking and behavior, we have nothing to offer the world because we are just like they are. Israel’s elaborate laws of cleansing were meant to distinguish between them and other nations. As the church, we’re in the world, but not of the world, because God’s word of truth sets us apart (John 17:14-17; also, 2 Cor. 6:14-7:1).

So God has graciously saved us so that we will be His own possession, a kingdom of priests, and a holy nation.

2. Our response to God’s gracious salvation should be obedience and reverence.

A. Our response to God’s gracious salvation should be obedience.

God states the condition of the covenant as (Exod. 19:5), “if you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant.” Moses tells the people these words and they reply (v. 8), “All that the Lord has spoken we will do!” Some claim that Israel went astray at this point by putting themselves under the Law. But in Deuteronomy 5:28-29, God approved of their promise to obey. The problem was, even before they left the camp at Mount Sinai, Israel fell into idolatry with the golden calf (Exod. 32). So I agree with Calvin (Calvin’s Commentaries [Baker], p. 320) who says, “that, without any intention of deceiving God, they were carried away by a kind of headlong zeal, and deceived themselves.” The lesson is that it’s easy to promise obedience, but another matter to do it!

But we need to understand that obedience to God’s commands is not at odds with living under His grace. I’ve had people accuse me of being legalistic because I preach obedience. But they don’t understand God’s grace. Paul said (Titus 2:11-12) that the grace of God instructs us “to deny ungodliness and worldly desires and to live sensibly, righteously and godly in the present age.” Jesus said (John 14:21), “He who has My commandments and keeps them is the one who loves Me.” Obedience is the only proper response to God’s gracious salvation.

B. Our response to God’s gracious salvation should be reverence and awe.

The word “awesome” gets tossed around a lot, but Moses’ experience with God on the mountain was truly awesome! Verse 16 says, “… there were thunder and lightning flashes and a thick cloud upon the mountain and a very loud trumpet sound, so that all the people who were in the camp trembled.” The people were so afraid that they begged that no further word be spoken unto them and even Moses trembled with fear (Heb. 12:19, 21). The Lord descended on Mount Sinai in fire; smoke like the smoke of a furnace ascended, while the whole mountain quaked violently (Exod. 19:18). The trumpet blasts grew louder and louder. Moses spoke and God answered him with thunder (v. 19). The people were in dread that if they even touched the mountain, they would die.

After referring to this incident, Hebrews 12:28-29 concludes, “Therefore, since we receive a kingdom which cannot be shaken, let us show gratitude, by which we may offer to God an acceptable service with reverence and awe; for our God is a consuming fire.”

John Calvin begins his classic Institutes of the Christian Religion (ed. by John McNeill [Westminster Press], 1:1:1) by emphasizing that “we cannot seriously aspire to [God] before we begin to become displeased with ourselves.” As long as we’re ignorant of our sinful condition before God, we’ll be content with ourselves. Then he adds (1:2:1), “Again, it is certain that man never achieves a clear knowledge of himself unless he has first looked upon God’s face, and then descends from contemplating him to scrutinize himself.” He points out (1:3:1) how with “dread and wonder” the saints were “stricken and overcome whenever they felt the presence of God.”

I think that we would benefit from a greater vision of what Calvin often refers to as God’s majesty. Yes, through faith in Christ, He is our loving Father. Yes, we are invited to come confidently to His throne of grace. But, we need also to come “with reverence and awe; for our God is a consuming fire.” Remember, one characteristic of unbelievers is (Rom. 3:18), “There is no fear of God before their eyes.” Those who truly know God fear Him!

3. God’s purpose for graciously saving us is that as His channel for blessing the nations we proclaim His glory.

First Peter 2:9 says that as a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, and a people for God’s own possession, we are to “proclaim the excellencies of Him who has called you out of darkness into His marvelous light.” As believer priests, we are to mediate God to people and bring people to God through proclaiming the glory of our high priest, the Lord Jesus Christ. He is the “seed of Abraham” through whom all the nations will be blessed through faith in Him (Gen. 12:3; Gal. 3:8, 16).

God didn’t save us so that we could bottle up His blessings for ourselves. We’re to be funnels, not bottles! We’re to be channels through whom the blessings of Abraham flow to the whole world (Gal. 3:14). The heart of that blessing is (Gal. 3:6), “Even so Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him as righteousness.” The good news is that we’re not reconciled to God and given eternal life based on our obedience to God’s Law, but rather by faith in what Christ did for us on the cross.

In the context of discussing Abraham’s relationship to God, Paul says (Rom. 4:4-5), “Now to the one who works, his wage is not credited as a favor, but as what is due. But to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness.” First, we must believe that good news: God justifies the ungodly by faith, not works. Then, we are to glorify God by proclaiming it to the lost!

Conclusion

You must decide whether you want to meet God at Mount Sinai or Mount Zion (Philip Ryken, Exodus [Crossway], p. 520). If you try to approach God based on your good works, you’ll be like those who touched the blazing mountain or broke through to gaze upon God without a mediator—you will perish! No amount of works can bridge the chasm between your sins and God’s holiness.

But if you trust in Christ and His death on the cross on your behalf, you still come to God with reverence and awe, but also with the confidence of knowing that His grace welcomes you into His presence through Jesus, your great high priest (Heb. 4:14-16).

Application Questions

  1. Does Exodus 19 change your understanding of God in any way? How?
  2. Are we too casual and chummy with God? Do we need to fear Him more than we do? Support your answer with Scripture.
  3. How would you counter a believer who argued that to emphasize obedience to God is to be legalistic? What is legalism?
  4. Some argue that James 2:14-26 teaches that we are saved by faith plus works. How would you counter this biblically?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2018, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Christian Life, Glory, Soteriology (Salvation)

A God Who Satisfies

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As I have indicated elsewhere, satisfaction in this life comes in many ways.1 For example, due to his satisfaction, the psalmist praises God for his provision, even needs:

From you comes the theme of my praise in the great assembly;
before those who fear you will I fulfill my vows.

The poor will eat and be satisfied;
they who seek the LORD will praise him –
may your hearts live forever! (Ps.22:25-26)2

Indeed, it is the Lord who gives complete satisfaction. So it is that the suffering psalmist (Moses) pleads with God saying,

Relent, O LORD! How long will it be?
Have compassion on your servants.

Satisfy us in the morning with your unfailing love,
that we may sing for joy and be glad all our days (Ps. 90:13-14).

Such was in accord with God’s giving the psalmist assurance that:

Because he loves me, says the LORD, I will rescue him;
I will protect him, for he acknowledges my name.

He will call upon me, and I will answer him;
I will be with him in trouble, I will deliver him and honor him.

With long life will I satisfy him
and show him my salvation (Ps. 91:14-16)

So also in a psalm attributed to David we read:

The LORD is faithful to all his promises
and loving to all he has made.

The LORD upholds all those who fall
and lifts up all who are bogged down.

The eyes of all look to you
and you give them their food at the proper time.

You open your hand
and satisfy the desires of every living thing (Ps. 145:13b-16).

The Lord satisfies the need of the believer in many different ways. Thus, David says elsewhere:

Praise the LORD, O my soul
and forget not all his benefits –

who forgives all your sins
and heals all your diseases,

who redeems your life from the pit
and crowns you with love and compassion,

who satisfies your desires with good things
so that your youth is renewed like the eagle’s (Ps. 103:2-5).

Another psalmist proclaims boldly:

He waters the mountains from his upper chambers;
the earth is satisfied by the fruit of his work. (Ps. 104:13)

He goes on to state how even natural elements are really the work of the Lord (vv. 14-23; cf. vv. 27-28). So it is that he proudly declares:

May the glory of the LORD endure forever;
may the LORD rejoice in his works (v.31).

It is a small wonder, then, that David, after expressing his love for God (Ps. 63:1-2) assures the Lord that:

Because your love is better than life,
my lips will glorify you.

I will praise you as long as I live,
and in your name I will lift up my hands.

My soul will be satisfied as with the richest of foods;
with singing lips, my lips will praise you (Ps. 63:3-5).

“The psalmist knows in whom he has believed and is persuaded that this great God will deliver him.”3 Surely it is the Lord who “satisfies” the believers desires with good things. For example, it is he who works “righteousness” and “justice” – even for the “oppressed” (Ps. 103:5-6). So also David praises the Lord saying,

You still the hunger of those you cherish;
their sons have plenty,
and they store up wealth for their children.

And I – in righteousness I will see your face;
when I awake, I will be satisfied with seeing your likeness (Ps. 17:14-15).

All of this stands in strong contrast with the words of Solomon in the book of Proverbs:

Death and Destruction are never satisfied,
and neither are the eyes of man. (Pr. 27:20)

So also in Proverbs 30 the “wise man” Agur, is quoted as saying:

There are three things that are never satisfied,
four that never say, “Enough!”
the grave, the barren womb,
land, which is never satisfied with water,
and fire which never says, “Enough!” (Pr. 30:15-16).

We read a similar sentiment in Ecclesiastes 6:7:

All man’s efforts are for his mouth,
yet his appetite is never satisfied.

How much better it is to live a life in full dependence on the Lord. “A man can do nothing better than to eat and drink and find satisfaction in his work. This too, I see, is from the hand of God, for without him, who can eat or find enjoyment?” (Ecc. 2:24-25). As Tremper Longman III observes, “In other words, this is the best that a person can hope for in this life that will end in death.”4

Indeed, there is nothing better for mankind, especially believers, to do than live a life in full dependence on and trust in the Lord. This is true satisfaction!

Here at thy table, Lord, this sacred hour,
Oh let us feel Thee near, in loving pow’r
Calling our thoughts away from self and sin,
As to Thy banquet hall we enter in.
So shall our life of faith be full, be sweet;
And we shall find our strength for each day meet
Fed by thy living bread, all hunger pass,
We shall be satisfied, and saved at last.5


1 See R.D. Patterson, “Psalm 22: From Trial to Triumph”, JETS, 47:2, 2004.

2 All scriptural references are from the NIV.

3 Willem A. Van Gemeren, “Psalms”, in The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, ed. Frank E. Gaebelein, (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991), 5, 426.

4 Tremper Longman III, “Ecclesiastes & Song of Songs” in Cornerstone Biblical Commentary (Carol Stream, Il.: Tyndale House, 2006), 6, 272.

5 May P. Hoyt, “Here at Thy Table, Lord”.

Related Topics: Devotionals

Psalms Of Comfort

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All of us like to find comfort in our times of difficulty. Failure to experience comfort can result in a discouraging effect. Such is often reflected in the biblical psalms. In a psalm attributed to David we read of his complaint:

You know how I am scorned, disgraced and shamed;
All my enemies are before you.

Scorn has broken my heart
And has left me helpless.

I looked for sympathy, but there was none,
For comforters, but I found none.

They put gall in my food
And gave me vinegar for my thirst. (Ps. 69: 19-21).1

Here the psalmist expresses his need for comforters in his lonesome and distressing situation. As Futato observes, “The isolation he feels is acute, as he cannot find anyone to bring him comfort and consolation….The only comfort he can lay hold of is his own knowledge that God knows.”2 In another psalm, the psalmist points out that despite his troubles, he knows that that the Lord will soon restore his balanced life and grant him satisfying comfort:

Though you have made me see troubles, many and bitter,
You will restore my life again;

From the depths of the earth
You will again bring me up.

Elsewhere, in the well-known 23rd psalm David expresses full confidence in God’s plan to bring him comfort: “Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil for you are with me, your rod and your staff, they comfort me.” (Ps. 23:4)

In still another psalm (Ps. 119) distinct confidence in God is testified as to God’s availability to bring comfort in all situations. Here we find psalm patterns that bring distinct comfort even in troublesome times.

Remember your word to your servant,
For you have given me hope.

My comfort in my suffering is this:
Your promise preserves my life.

The arrogant mock me without restraint,
But I do not turn from your law. (vv.49-51)

Not only do God’s written promises bring comfort, but their reliability is so available that the Psalmist can sing:

I remember your ancient laws, O LORD,
And I find comfort in them. (v.52)

Not only was this the case for the Psalmist in his times, but it gives incentive to believers in all ages. As Van Gemeren declares: “The word of God provides hope and comfort even in suffering. The Psalmist prays that the Lord will “remember” … his word and affirms twice that even in his troubles he himself will “remember” God and his laws.”3 The Psalmist further declares:

May your unfailing love be my comfort,
According to your promise to your servant; …(v.76)

My eyes fail, looking for your promise;
I say, “When will you remember me?” (v.82)

All of this is in harmony with what the Psalmist declares in Psalm 145:

The Lord is gracious and compassionate,
Slow to anger and rich in love.

The Lord is good to all;
He has compassion on all he has made. (vv.8-9)

So it is that the believer can sing God’s praises not only for his bringing comfort into his life, but the believer can bring comfort to others as well. As Paul states in 2 Cor. 1:3-5:

Praise be to the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of compassion and the God of all comfort, who comforts us in all our troubles so that we can comfort those in any trouble with the comfort we ourselves have received from God. For just as the sufferings of Christ flow over into our lives, so also through Christ our comfort overflows.

Therefore, believes can and should seek God’s leading even in life’s most difficult situations (cf. Phil. 2:1).4 May we thus not travel in despair but always seek God’s will and guidance. As the hymn writer says:

… My comfort, my shelter,
Tower of refuge and strength,
Let every breath, all that I am
Never cease to worship You. …
My Jesus, My Saviour,
Lord there is none like You;
All of my days, I want to praise
The wonders of your mighty love.
You’re my comfort
And my shelter.
You’re my tower of refuge and strength.
Let every breath, all that I am,
Never cease to worship You.5


1 All scriptures references are from the NIV.

2 Mark D. Futato, “The Book of Psalms,” in Cornerstone Biblical Commentary, ed. Philip W. Comfort (Carol Stream, Tyndale House, 2009), 232.

3 Willem A. Van Gemeren, “Psalms,” in The Expositor’s Bible Commentary, ed. Frank E. Gaebelin (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1991), 5:746.

4 See further, “Comfort” in Dictionary of Biblical Imagery eds. Leland Ryken, James C. Wilhoit, Tremper Longman III, (Doners Grove, Il: Intervarsity, 1998), 161.

5 Darlene Joyce Zschech, Shout to the Lord.

Related Topics: Comfort

16. Obeying The Big Ten (Exodus 20:1-17)

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Life of Moses (16)

June 10, 2018

In 1963, the U.S. Supreme Court decided that reading the Bible and reciting the Lord’s Prayer in public schools violates the U.S. Constitution. Then in 1980, the Court ruled that it is unconstitutional for public schools to post the Ten Commandments on classroom walls. The Court’s 5-4 majority reasoned (cited by Kent Hughes, Disciplines of Grace [Crossway], p. 11):

If the posted copies of the Ten Commandments are to have any effect at all it will be to induce the schoolchildren to read, meditate upon, perhaps to venerate and obey, the Commandments. However desirable this might be as a matter of private devotion, it is not a permissible state objective under the Establishment Clause.

In other words, we dare not post the Ten Commandments because some students might actually read and obey them! They might actually read, “You shall not murder”! But we can’t seem to figure out why so many students are shooting their classmates and teachers!

As Christians, we rightly decry our national slide into immorality and violence, and yet many Christians can’t even name half of the Ten Commandments! There is a lot of debate and confusion among evangelicals as to whether we are required to obey the Ten Commandments. In part, this is due to the influence of moral relativism in the church. It’s also due to a widespread misunderstanding of what it means to live under grace. Many think that any call to obey God’s commandments is legalism. They think that grace means hang-loose living, where we don’t need to be concerned about obeying God. After all, if we mess up, He will forgive!

But don’t forget the setting in which God gave these commands (Exod. 19)! The Lord descended on Mount Sinai in fire and smoke. The whole mountain quaked. There were thunder, lightning flashes, and loud blasts on a trumpet. If the people got too near the mountain, they would die. Both the people and Moses were terrified. Yes, God is gracious to sinners who repent, but even His redeemed people are to offer Him worship “with reverence and awe, for our God is a consuming fire” (Heb. 12:28-29). We dare not presume on His grace by disobeying Him (Rom. 6:1-2)!

I admit that the issue of how Old Testament laws apply to New Testament believers is one of the most difficult theological matters to sort out. I’ve read several books and many articles on the subject. I cannot begin to explain all of these matters in this message. But since all Ten Commandments except for the Sabbath command (I’ll say more on that command later) are repeated in the New Testament to believers under grace, I’m going to apply Exodus 20 to us as follows:

Because we have experienced God’s grace in salvation, we should joyfully obey His commandments for His glory and our good.

First, we’ll look at God’s grace as the basis for obeying His commandments. Then we’ll consider why we should joyfully obey His commandments. Finally, I’ll give a very brief overview of the Ten Commandments.

1. Experiencing God’s grace in salvation is essential before you seek to obey His commandments.

Most people think that they can get right with God by keeping the Ten Commandments. But that doesn’t work! James 2:10 states, “For whoever keeps the whole law and yet stumbles in one point, he has become guilty of all.” The law is like a chain: one broken link means the entire chain is broken. Paul states (Rom. 3:20), “by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight.” When you consider that God not only judges us by our outward behavior, but also by the thoughts and intentions of our hearts (Heb. 4:12-13), you can see why it’s futile to try to commend yourself to God by claiming that you have kept His commandments.

God had already delivered Israel from bondage in Egypt before He gave them the Ten Commandments. So He reminds them (Exod. 20:2), “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.” As we’ve seen, the exodus is the great illustration in the Old Testament of our deliverance from bondage to Satan’s domain of darkness. So God didn’t give these commandments for the purpose of saving His people, but after He already had graciously saved them.

So, why did God give Israel the Law? For several reasons. First, as Paul explains (Rom. 3:20), “for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin” (see, also, Rom. 7:7). The Law is like a mirror. Before you look in the mirror, you might have a vague sense that you’ve got dirt on your face. But when you look in the mirror and see it, you know that you’re dirty! All people know that they have violated their own consciences (see Romans 2). But when you hear the specific commands of God’s Law, you know you’re guilty!

In addition, God’s Law shows us our inability to keep it so that we will abandon all attempts to get right with God through keeping His Law and be driven to faith in Christ. As Paul states (Gal. 3:24), “Therefore the Law has become our tutor to lead us to Christ, so that we may be justified by faith.” Also, God’s Law reveals His holiness. In specific, concrete terms, it shows us what God is like and how we are to live to please Him.

But the crucial matter to understand is that God didn’t give His Law to save us. We are saved (delivered from God’s judgment) by His undeserved favor through faith in Christ and His death on our behalf (Eph. 2:8-9). He paid the penalty that we deserved. When we trust in Christ, God puts our sin on Christ and imputes Christ’s righteousness to us. Only after putting your trust in Christ and receiving His indwelling Holy Spirit can you begin to obey His Law. But why should you do that?

2. We should joyfully obey God’s commandments for His glory and our good.

Many erroneously think that God is like a mean father, who gives us His commandments to spoil our fun. Also, we see all of the famous, successful people in the world who disobey God but seem to be having a great life. But ever since you started obeying God, life has been one trial after another. Your unbelieving, immoral girlfriends have good-looking hunks for boyfriends, while you sit home alone ever since you committed yourself to obey the Lord! The guy at work who is dishonest got the promotion, while you got passed over, even though you’re honest and hard-working (see Psalm 73).

But the Bible consistently shows that God gives us His commandments for our good, to bless us when we keep them. Moses tells Israel (Deut. 10:12-13): “Now, Israel, what does the Lord your God require from you, but to fear the Lord your God, to walk in all His ways and love Him, and to serve the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and to keep the Lord’s commandments and His statutes which I am commanding you today for your good?” (See, also, Deut. 4:1; 8:1.) God’s commands are like those of a loving father who tells his children, “Under no circumstances are you to go out on that busy street!” He’s not giving that command to take away their fun, but rather to protect them from danger and death.

Even so, God promises His lovingkindness to those who love Him and keep His commandments (Exod. 20:6, 12). But He also threatens punishment on those who disobey (Exod. 20:5, 7). Often children and grandchildren suffer the results of the parents’ sins. Sin always promises quick pleasure, but in the long run it damages the sinner and many others. So we should joyfully obey God’s commandments for our own good and the good of our families and all society.

But the ultimate reason we should obey God is for His glory. God’s name is tied up with His people. When we disobey God, it gives occasion to His enemies to blaspheme His holy name (2 Sam. 12:14). They can shrug off our testimony of God’s salvation by saying, “Those Christians are just a bunch of religious hypocrites!” Our disobedience makes God look bad, when our chief aim in life should be to glorify Him.

Thus, experiencing God’s grace in salvation is essential before you seek to obey His commandments. We should joyfully obey God’s commandments for His glory and our good. Now let’s take a very brief glance at the Ten Commandments:

3. God’s commandments are summed up by loving Him and loving others.

When a hostile lawyer challenged Jesus, “Which is the great commandment in the Law?” Jesus answered (Matt. 22:37-40):

“‘You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind.’ This is the great and foremost commandment. The second is like it, ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ On these two commandments depend the whole Law and the Prophets.”

God says that those who disobey Him hate Him, while those who obey Him love Him (Exod. 20:5, 6). Jesus said (John 14:21), “He who has My commandments and keeps them is the one who loves Me; and he who loves Me will be loved by My Father, and I will love him and will disclose Myself to him.” The apostle John wrote (1 John 5:3): “For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments; and His commandments are not burdensome.” So we need to view the Ten Commandments relationally. They tell us how we can love God and love one another.

A. Commandments 1-4 show how to love God.

We know that there are Ten Commandments because Moses refers to them (in Hebrew) as “the ten words” (Exodus 34:28; Deut. 4:13 & 10:4). But, there are different ways of numbering the ten. The Catholic Church, the Lutheran Church, and some other scholars combine the first two commandments and divide the last commandment into two. I’m following the usual Reformed way of numbering them.

1) “You shall have no other gods before Me” (Exod. 20:3).

Scholars debate the meaning of the Hebrew preposition translated “before.” It is literally, “to My face,” or in modern colloquialism, “in My face.” God tolerates no rivals! It links with God’s statement (Exod. 20:5), “I am a jealous God.” Just as a loving husband will not tolerate his wife having other lovers, so God does not tolerate His people having other gods.

All people, including atheists, have their gods. Philip Ryken (Exodus [Crossway], p. 564) says that you can determine your own gods by two tests: First, What do you love? This focuses on our desires. Because of our fallen nature, we all must fight against the love of self and the love of the world. We’re prone to love success, money, and sex outside of marriage because we love self and the world. We can even use God to try to fulfill self in the hopes that He will give us what we want. At the core of it all is that we put self before God.

The second test is, What do you trust? Do you trust in your wisdom or ingenuity to get out of problems? Do you trust in your investments or wealth to meet your needs? Do you trust in your good works to get into heaven? Or, is your trust in the Lord alone (Ps. 20:7; 33:13-22)?

2) “You shall not make for yourself an idol” (Exod. 20:4).

This command does not forbid all art or sculpture. Even the tabernacle had the cherubim hovering over the Ark of the Covenant. Christians have disagreed over whether it’s permissible to use pictures of Jesus to teach children about Him or for artists to make paintings or statues to depict Him. But verse 5 clarifies the meaning of this command: “You shall not worship them or serve them.” Praying to a statue or picture of Jesus or Mary violates the second commandment. As we will see (Exod. 32), Israel quickly disobeyed this commandment when they made the golden calf.

Also, those who reject God as He is revealed in Scripture and worship “God as they conceive Him to be” are violating the second commandment. Some claim to be Christians, but they say, “My God is a God of love, not of wrath and judgment!” They’re worshiping an idol that they made up, not the God of the Bible. (See my message [6/18/06], “Knowing This, Guard Yourself.”)

3) “You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain” (Exod. 20:7).

The Lord’s name refers to His person—all that He is. To use His name in vain includes using it in sorcery or divination, in false prophecy, and in taking false oaths (Ryken, p.580). It also means to use God’s name lightly, for no purpose, whether in exclamation, surprise, or anger. The current exclamation, “Oh my God!” uses His name in vain, unless the person is truly calling on the Lord in heartfelt prayer. Also, to exclaim, “Oh, Jeez!” is to use Jesus’ name in vain. This command does not prohibit taking legitimate oaths, since Deuteronomy 6:13 commands, “You shall fear only the Lord your God; and you shall worship Him and swear by His name.” (See, also, Ps. 63:11; Rom. 1:9; Rev. 10:5-6.)

4) “Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy” (Exod. 20:8).

This is the most debated command among evangelical Christians. As I said, it’s the only one of the ten not repeated in the New Testament. In fact, Paul seems to nullify it rather than affirm it (Rom. 14:5-6; Gal. 4:10; Col. 2:16)! While books have been written on this (and I have read several), I can only comment briefly.

My understanding is that Sunday is not the Christian Sabbath. The command to Israel involved both work on six days and rest on the seventh, including giving rest to their servants and animals. There is no mention of participating in worship services. There were severe penalties, including death, for violating this command (Num. 15:32-36)! It was a serious matter to violate the Sabbath!

In my experience, sincere Christians who attempt to impose this command on the church invariably end up mired in legalism. They come up with lists of what you can and cannot do on Sundays. Some even say that you have sinned if you talk or even think about anything other than spiritual matters on Sunday!

I believe that we are not under the Old Testament Sabbath commandment. It was fulfilled in Christ, who is our true rest (Col. 2:16-17; Heb. 3-4). At the same time, there is a valid principle that carries over to New Testament believers: Set aside the Lord’s Day to rest from your normal work and to gather with God’s people for worship, instruction, fellowship, and prayer. (See my message [8/20/17], “How to Spend the Lord’s Day.”)

B. Commandments 5-10 show how to love your neighbor.

(I’m continuing the numbering after commands 1-4):

5) “Honor your father and your mother” (Exod. 20:12).

Children who are still at home should respect and obey their parents. Parents should teach their children when they are very young that they are not permitted to defy their parents, hit their parents, or say that they hate them. The command also applies to adult children showing honor and taking care of their elderly parents. It establishes the family as the foundation of society.

I recognize that it is extremely difficult to apply this command if your parents have been emotionally, physically, or sexually abusive. It is difficult for a believing young person to honor parents who attack his or her faith in Christ. In such cases, get godly counsel on how to show respect while protecting yourself from abuse. It may be necessary to report abusive parents to civil authorities. (See my message, [5/12/96], “Keeping the Fifth.”)

6) “You shall not murder” (Exod. 20:13).

Most of us are prone to think, “Well, at least there’s one that I’ve kept!” But then we read (Matt. 5:21-22) how Jesus extended this command to include anger, and we realize that we’re guilty of breaking this commandment! Jesus taught that outward sins such as murder, adultery, fornication, theft, lying, and slander all originate in the heart (Matt. 15:18-19). Sinful actions always begin with unchecked sinful thoughts. Thus while most of us think that we are incapable of murdering someone, if we don’t deal with bitterness and anger, we’re feeding the root that grows into murder. (See my message [5/4/08], “Taming Your Temper.”)

This command does not prohibit nations from armed conflicts or wars to protect their citizens from outside aggression. It does not prohibit governments imposing capital punishment for serious crimes after a fair trial with conclusive evidence. It does not forbid law enforcement officers from using deadly force when necessary to protect the innocent. And, it does not forbid self-defense or defense of one’s family or of innocent victims if law enforcement officers are not on the scene. It does prohibit killing babies in the womb unless the physical life of the mother is at stake. (See my messages [1/25/04], “What the Bible Says About Abortion”; and [4/21/96], “The Sanctity of Human Life.”)

7) “You shall not commit adultery” (Exod. 20:14).

“Adultery” includes any sexual activity outside of lifelong heterosexual marriage. As with murder, Jesus extended this command to our thought life when He said that to lust after a woman is to commit adultery with her in your heart (Matt. 5:27-28). This is not to say that mental lust is as serious or harmful as physical adultery. But it is to say that if you look at pornography or lustfully check out women, you are guilty of adultery in God’s sight. God requires moral purity on the thought level. (See my message, [6/1/97], “Moral Purity in a Polluted World.”)

8) “You shall not steal” (Exod. 20:15).

This command acknowledges the right to own private property. It forbids all theft, robbery, extortion, embezzlement, and taking bribes. It prohibits cheating on your income taxes, as well as welfare and Medicare fraud. You violate this command if you steal intellectual property through plagiarism or copyright violations. It’s wrong to steal office supplies or equipment, or to steal time from your employer. It’s sin to incur debt that you know you are unable to pay back. While sometimes bankruptcy is unavoidable, Christians should do their best to pay creditors what is owed. (See my message [4/6/08], “To Cure a Thief.”)

9) “You shall not bear false witness” (Exod. 20:16).

This is another sin that Jesus said originates in the heart (Matt. 15:19). The command primarily focuses on bearing false witness against your neighbor in a legal setting, where lying or misrepresenting something about him would damage him or wrongly be to your advantage. But it also extends to lying to or about someone or spreading half truths about him in any setting. God is the God of truth who cannot lie (Isa. 65:16; Titus 1:2). Jesus is the truth (John 14:6). To be like Him, we must be people who speak the truth and do not bear false witness.

This doesn’t mean that we are required to tell everything we know about a situation. And, sometimes to be brutally honest is not the loving thing to do. We are to speak the truth in love (Eph. 4:15). Love seeks the highest good of the other person. To bear false witness undermines your integrity, undermines relationships, and damages or destroys the other person. (See my message [3/16/08], “To Tell the Truth.”)

10) “You shall not covet” (Exod. 20:17).

This commandment deals with heart motives. You are not to desire so as to try to obtain for yourself your neighbor’s house, his wife, or anything that belongs to him. It stems from being discontented with what the Lord has given you. This commandment links back to the first commandment: to covet other persons or things puts something other than God in first place in your life (Christopher J. H. Wright, How to Preach & Teach the Old Testament for All Its Worth [Zondervan]., p. 172). (See my message [10/29/95], “The Secret of Contentment.”)

Conclusion

A “Frank and Earnest” cartoon [5/8/98] pictured Moses on the mountain before God, holding the Ten Commandments. He tells God, “It’s your call but I still think ‘The Ten Habits of Highly Effective People’ is a catchier title.”

But they’re not “ten habits of highly effective people” or “ten suggestions for a happy life”! They’re Ten Commandments from the holy God, given for His glory and your good. If you think seriously about them, you’ve broken every one on the heart or thought level. That’s why you need a Savior who died to forgive your sins! When you trust in the Lord Jesus to save you, He gives you the Holy Spirit to indwell you and enable you joyfully to obey His commandments out of love for Him!

Application Questions

  1. A Christian says, “We’re not under the Old Testament Law, so the Ten Commandments don’t apply to us.” Your reply?
  2. To learn how to use the Ten Commandments in evangelism, go to livingwaters.com.
  3. Are New Testament believers obligated to keep the Sabbath commandment? Support your answer with Scripture.
  4. How would you counsel a person with abusive parents to honor them? What does this mean practically? What are the limits?

Copyright, Steven J. Cole, 2018, All Rights Reserved.

Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture Quotations are from the New American Standard Bible, Updated Edition © The Lockman Foundation

Related Topics: Basics for Christians, Christian Life, Soteriology (Salvation)

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