1sn Psalm 27. The author is confident of the Lord’s protection and asks the Lord to vindicate him. 2tn Heb “the Lord [is] my light and my deliverance.” “Light” is often used as a metaphor for deliverance and the life/blessings it brings. See Pss 37:6; 97:11; 112:4; Isa 49:6; 51:4; Mic 7:8. Another option is that “light” refers here to divine guidance (see Ps 43:3). 3tn Heb “Whom shall I fear?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “No one!” 4tn Heb “Of whom shall I be afraid?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “No one!” 5tn Heb “draw near to me.” 6sn To devour my flesh. The psalmist compares his enemies to dangerous, hungry predators (see 2 Kgs 9:36; Ezek 39:17). 7tn Heb “my adversaries and my enemies against me.” The verb “draw near” (that is, “attack”) is understood by ellipsis; see the previous line. 8tn The Hebrew verbal forms are perfects. The translation assumes the psalmist is generalizing here, but another option is to take this as a report of past experience, “when evil men attacked me…they stumbled and fell.” 9tn Heb “my heart does not fear.” 10tn Heb “if war rises up against me.” 11tn Heb “in this [i.e., “during this situation”] I am trusting.” 12tn Heb “my living.” 13sn The Lord’s house. This probably refers to the tabernacle (if one accepts Davidic authorship) or the temple (see Judg 19:18; 1 Sam 1:7, 24; 2 Sam 12:20; 1 Kgs 7:12, 40, 45, 51). 14tn Or “beauty.” 15tn Or “for he will.” The translation assumes the כִּי (ki) is asseverative here, rather than causal. 16tn Heb “he will hide me in his hut.” 17tn Or “trouble.” 18tn Heb “tent.” 19tn The three imperfect verb forms in v. 5 anticipate a positive response to the prayer offered in vv. 7-12. 20tn Heb “on a rocky summit he lifts me up.” The Lord places the psalmist in an inaccessible place where his enemies cannot reach him. See Ps 18:2. 21tn Heb “and now my head will be lifted up over my enemies all around me.”sn In vv. 1-3 the psalmist generalizes, but here we discover that he is facing a crisis and is under attack from enemies (see vv. 11-12). 22tn Heb “I will sacrifice in his tent sacrifices of a shout for joy” (that is, “sacrifices accompanied by a joyful shout”). 23tn Heb “my voice.” 24tc Heb “concerning you my heart says, ‘Seek my face.’” The verb form “seek” is plural, but this makes no sense here, for the psalmist is addressed. The verb should be emended to a singular form. The first person pronominal suffix on “face” also makes little sense, unless it is the voice of the Lord he hears. His “heart” is viewed as speaking, however, so it is better to emend the form to פָּנָיו (panayv, “his face”). 25tn Heb “your face, O Lord, I seek.” To “seek the Lord’s face” means to seek his favor through prayer (see 2 Sam 21:1; Pss 24:6; 105:4). 26tn Heb “do not hide your face from me.” The idiom “hide the face” can mean “ignore” (see Pss 10:11; 13:1; 51:9) or carry the stronger idea of “reject” (see Pss 30:7; 88:14). 27tn Or “[source of] help.” 28tn Or “though my father and mother have abandoned me.” 29tn Heb “gather me in”; or “receive me.” 30tn Heb “teach me your way.” The Lord’s “way” refers here to the moral principles which he expects the psalmist to follow. See Ps 25:4. 31sn The level path refers to God’s moral principles (see the parallel line), which, if followed, will keep the psalmist blameless before his accusers (see v. 12). 32tn Heb “because of those who watch me [with evil intent].” See also Pss 5:8; 54:5; 56:2. 33tn Heb “do not give me over to the desire of my enemies.” 34tn Heb “for they have risen up against me, lying witnesses and a testifier of violence.” The form יָפֵחַ (yafeakh) is traditionally understood as a verb meaning “snort, breathe out”: “for false witnesses are risen up against me, and such as breathe out cruelty” (KJV; cf. BDB 422 s.v.). A better option is to take the form as a noun meaning “a witness” (or “testifier”). See Prov 6:19; 12:17; 14:5, 25; 19:5, 9, and Hab 2:3. 35tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is incomplete: “If I had not believed [I would] see the goodness of the Lord in the land of the living.” The words “Where would I be” are supplied in the translation to clarify the intent of the statement. 36tn Or “wait.” 37tn Heb “be strong and let your heart be confident.”
1sn Psalm 27. The author is confident of the Lord’s protection and asks the Lord to vindicate him.
2tn Heb “the Lord [is] my light and my deliverance.” “Light” is often used as a metaphor for deliverance and the life/blessings it brings. See Pss 37:6; 97:11; 112:4; Isa 49:6; 51:4; Mic 7:8. Another option is that “light” refers here to divine guidance (see Ps 43:3).
3tn Heb “Whom shall I fear?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “No one!”
4tn Heb “Of whom shall I be afraid?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “No one!”
5tn Heb “draw near to me.”
6sn To devour my flesh. The psalmist compares his enemies to dangerous, hungry predators (see 2 Kgs 9:36; Ezek 39:17).
7tn Heb “my adversaries and my enemies against me.” The verb “draw near” (that is, “attack”) is understood by ellipsis; see the previous line.
8tn The Hebrew verbal forms are perfects. The translation assumes the psalmist is generalizing here, but another option is to take this as a report of past experience, “when evil men attacked me…they stumbled and fell.”
9tn Heb “my heart does not fear.”
10tn Heb “if war rises up against me.”
11tn Heb “in this [i.e., “during this situation”] I am trusting.”
12tn Heb “my living.”
13sn The Lord’s house. This probably refers to the tabernacle (if one accepts Davidic authorship) or the temple (see Judg 19:18; 1 Sam 1:7, 24; 2 Sam 12:20; 1 Kgs 7:12, 40, 45, 51).
14tn Or “beauty.”
15tn Or “for he will.” The translation assumes the כִּי (ki) is asseverative here, rather than causal.
16tn Heb “he will hide me in his hut.”
17tn Or “trouble.”
18tn Heb “tent.”
19tn The three imperfect verb forms in v. 5 anticipate a positive response to the prayer offered in vv. 7-12.
20tn Heb “on a rocky summit he lifts me up.” The Lord places the psalmist in an inaccessible place where his enemies cannot reach him. See Ps 18:2.
21tn Heb “and now my head will be lifted up over my enemies all around me.”
sn In vv. 1-3 the psalmist generalizes, but here we discover that he is facing a crisis and is under attack from enemies (see vv. 11-12).
22tn Heb “I will sacrifice in his tent sacrifices of a shout for joy” (that is, “sacrifices accompanied by a joyful shout”).
23tn Heb “my voice.”
24tc Heb “concerning you my heart says, ‘Seek my face.’” The verb form “seek” is plural, but this makes no sense here, for the psalmist is addressed. The verb should be emended to a singular form. The first person pronominal suffix on “face” also makes little sense, unless it is the voice of the Lord he hears. His “heart” is viewed as speaking, however, so it is better to emend the form to פָּנָיו (panayv, “his face”).
25tn Heb “your face, O Lord, I seek.” To “seek the Lord’s face” means to seek his favor through prayer (see 2 Sam 21:1; Pss 24:6; 105:4).
26tn Heb “do not hide your face from me.” The idiom “hide the face” can mean “ignore” (see Pss 10:11; 13:1; 51:9) or carry the stronger idea of “reject” (see Pss 30:7; 88:14).
27tn Or “[source of] help.”
28tn Or “though my father and mother have abandoned me.”
29tn Heb “gather me in”; or “receive me.”
30tn Heb “teach me your way.” The Lord’s “way” refers here to the moral principles which he expects the psalmist to follow. See Ps 25:4.
31sn The level path refers to God’s moral principles (see the parallel line), which, if followed, will keep the psalmist blameless before his accusers (see v. 12).
32tn Heb “because of those who watch me [with evil intent].” See also Pss 5:8; 54:5; 56:2.
33tn Heb “do not give me over to the desire of my enemies.”
34tn Heb “for they have risen up against me, lying witnesses and a testifier of violence.” The form יָפֵחַ (yafeakh) is traditionally understood as a verb meaning “snort, breathe out”: “for false witnesses are risen up against me, and such as breathe out cruelty” (KJV; cf. BDB 422 s.v.). A better option is to take the form as a noun meaning “a witness” (or “testifier”). See Prov 6:19; 12:17; 14:5, 25; 19:5, 9, and Hab 2:3.
35tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is incomplete: “If I had not believed [I would] see the goodness of the Lord in the land of the living.” The words “Where would I be” are supplied in the translation to clarify the intent of the statement.
36tn Or “wait.”
37tn Heb “be strong and let your heart be confident.”