2tn Heb “and the judgments of his mouth.”

3tn Or “offspring”; Heb “seed.”

4tc Some mss have “Israel,” which appears in the parallel version of this psalm in 1 Chr 16:13.

5tn Heb “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

6tn Heb “sons.”

7tn Heb “his”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

8tn Heb “in all the earth [are] his judgments.”

9tn Heb “[the] word he commanded.” The text refers here to God’s unconditional covenantal promise to Abraham and the patriarchs, as vv. 10-12 make clear.

10tn Heb “which.”

11tn Or “eternal covenant.”

12tn Heb “and from a kingdom to another nation.”

13tn The word “saying” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.

14tn Heb “anointed.”

15tn Heb “and every staff of food he broke.” The psalmist refers to the famine that occurred in Joseph’s time (see v. 17 and Gen 41:53-57).

16tn After the reference to the famine in v. 16, v. 17 flashes back to events that preceded the famine (see Gen 37).

17tn Heb “they afflicted his feet with shackles.”

18tn Heb “his neck came [into] iron.” The Hebrew term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) with the suffix could mean simply “he” or “his life.” But the nuance “neck” makes good sense here (note the reference to his “feet” in the preceding line). See L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 (WBC), 38.

19tn Heb “word,” probably referring to Joseph’s prediction about the fate of Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker (see Gen 41:9-14).

20tn This line may refer to Joseph’s prediction of the famine in response to Pharaoh’s dream. Joseph emphasized to Pharaoh that the interpretation of the dream came from God (see Gen 41:16, 25, 28, 32, 39).

21tn Heb “refined him.”

22tn Heb “[the] king sent and set him free.”

23tn Heb “he made him master of his house.”

24tn Heb “to bind his officials by his will.”

25tn Heb “and his elders he taught wisdom.”

26tn Heb “entered.”

27tn Heb “lived as a resident alien.”

28tn Heb “and he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

29tn Heb “him,” referring to “his people.”

30tn Heb “his,” referring to “his people.”

31tn Heb “their heart.”

32tn Or “to deal deceptively.” The Hitpael of נָכַל (nakhal) occurs only here and in Gen 37:18, where it is used of Joseph’s brothers “plotting” to kill him.

33tn Apparently the pronoun refers to “his servants” (i.e., the Israelites, see v. 25).

34tn Heb “he sent darkness and made it dark.”

sn He made it dark. The psalmist begins with the ninth plague (see Exod 10:21-29).

35tn Heb “they did not rebel against his words.” Apparently this refers to Moses and Aaron, who obediently carried out God’s orders.

36tn Heb “he spoke and flies came.”

37tn Heb “he gave their rains hail.”

38tn Heb “fire of flames [was] in their land.”

39tn Heb “he spoke and locusts came.”

40tn Heb “the fruit of their ground.”

41tn Heb “the beginning of all their strength,” that is, reproductive power (see Ps 78:51).

sn Verses 28-36 recall the plagues in a different order than the one presented in Exodus: v. 28 (plague 9), v. 29 (plague 1), v. 30 (plague 2), v. 31a (plague 4), v. 31b (plague 3), vv. 32-33 (plague 7), vv. 34-35 (plague 8), v. 36 (plague 10). No reference is made in Ps 105 to plagues 5 and 6.

42tn Heb “them”; the referent (the Lord’s people) has been supplied in the translation for clarity.

43tn The word “enriched” is supplied in the translation for clarification and for stylistic reasons.

44tn Heb “for fear of them had fallen upon them.”

45tn Or “curtain.”

46tn Heb “he [i.e., his people] asked.” The singular form should probably be emended to a plural שָׁאֲלוּ (sha’alu, “they asked”), the vav (ו) having fallen off by haplography (note the vav at the beginning of the following form).

47tn Or “bread of heaven.” The reference is to manna (see Exod 16:4, 13-15).

48tn Or “for.”

49tn Heb “his holy word.”

50tn Heb “and he led his people out with joy, with a ringing cry, his chosen ones.”

51tn Heb “and the [product of the] work of peoples they possessed.”

52tn Heb “guard.”