1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 sn There is perhaps an intentional pun and allusion here to Gen 27:36 and the wordplay on the name Jacob there. The text here reads עָקוֹב יַעְקֹב (’aqob ya’qob). 14 15 16 17 sn For the significance of this title see the notes at 2:19 and 7:3. 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 sn See 5:9, 29. This is somewhat of a refrain at the end of a catalog of Judah’s sins. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 sn See the study notes on 2:9 and 7:3. 39 40 41 42 43 44 sn For the significance of this title see the notes at 2:19 and 7:3. 45 46 47 48 49 sn The destruction is still in the future, but it is presented graphically as though it had already taken place. 50 51 52 53 54 sn In this context the “word of the 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 sn A contrast is drawn here between circumcision as a mere external cutting of the flesh and a sign of commitment to the covenant and the God of the covenant. The people of these nations practiced circumcision but not as a sign of the covenant. The people of Israel engaged in it as a religious practice but without any obedience to the covenant that it was a sign of or any real commitment to the 66 67