1sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar. 2tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons. 3tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy. 4tn Heb “sacrifice the Passover” (so NASB). The word “animal” has been supplied in the translation for clarity. 5tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in the previous verse. 6tn Heb “leaven must not be seen among you in all your border.” 7tn Heb “remain all night until the morning” (so KJV, ASV). This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons. 8tn Heb “gates.” 9tn Heb “the Passover.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English. 10tc The MT reading אֶל (’el, “unto”) before “the place” should, following Smr, Syriac, Targums, and Vulgate, be omitted in favor of ב (bet; בַּמָּקוֹם, bammaqom), “in the place.” 11tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 12tn The rules that governed the Passover meal are found in Exod 12:1-51, and Deut 16:1-8. The word translated “cook” (בָּשַׁל, bashal) here is translated “boil” in other places (e.g. Exod 23:19, 1 Sam 2:13-15). This would seem to contradict Exod 12:9 where the Israelites are told not to eat the Passover sacrifice raw or boiled. However, 2 Chr 35:13 recounts the celebration of a Passover feast during the reign of Josiah, and explains that the people “cooked (בָּשַׁל, bashal) the Passover sacrifices over the open fire.” The use of בָּשַׁל (bashal) with “fire” (אֵשׁ, ’esh) suggests that the word could be used to speak of boiling or roasting. 13tn The words “on that day” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for clarification (cf. TEV, NLT). 14tn Heb “the seven weeks.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English. 15tn The Hebrew phrase חַג שָׁבֻעוֹת (khag shavu’ot) is otherwise known in the OT (Exod 23:16) as קָצִיר (qatsir, “harvest”) and in the NT as πεντηχοστή (penthcosth, “Pentecost”). 16tn Heb “the sufficiency of the offering of your hand.” 17tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 18tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 19tn Heb “gates.” 20tn The Hebrew phrase חַג הַסֻּכֹּת (khag hassukot, “festival of huts” or “festival of shelters”) is traditionally known as the Feast of Tabernacles. The rendering “booths” (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV) is now preferable to the traditional “tabernacles” (KJV, ASV, NIV) in light of the meaning of the term סֻכָּה (sukkah, “hut; booth”), but “booths” are frequently associated with trade shows and craft fairs in contemporary American English. Clearer is the English term “shelters” (so NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT), but this does not reflect the temporary nature of the living arrangement. This feast was a commemoration of the wanderings of the Israelites after they left Egypt, suggesting that a translation like “temporary shelters” is more appropriate. 21tn Heb “when you gather in your threshing-floor and winepress.” 22tn Heb “in your gates.” 23tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 24tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 25tn Heb “in all the work of your hands” (so NASB, NIV); NAB, NRSV “in all your undertakings.” 26tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 16:1. 27tn Heb “a man must give according to the gift of his hand.” This has been translated as second person for stylistic reasons, in keeping with the second half of the verse, which is second person rather than third. 28tn The Hebrew term וְשֹׁטְרִים (v˙shoterim), usually translated “officers” (KJV, NCV) or “officials” (NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT), derives from the verb שֹׁטֵר (shoter, “to write”). The noun became generic for all types of public officials. Here, however, it may be appositionally epexegetical to “judges,” thus resulting in the phrase, “judges, that is, civil officers,” etc. Whoever the שֹׁטְרִים are, their task here consists of rendering judgments and administering justice. 29tn Heb “gates.” 30tn Heb “with judgment of righteousness”; ASV, NASB “with righteous judgment.” 31tn Heb “twist, overturn”; NRSV “subverts the cause.” 32tn Or “innocent”; NRSV “those who are in the right”; NLT “the godly.” 33tn Heb “justice, justice.” The repetition is emphatic; one might translate as “pure justice” or “unadulterated justice” (cf. NLT “true justice”).
1sn The month Abib, later called Nisan (Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7), corresponds to March-April in the modern calendar.
2tn Heb “in the month Abib.” The demonstrative “that” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons.
3tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
4tn Heb “sacrifice the Passover” (so NASB). The word “animal” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
5tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in the previous verse.
6tn Heb “leaven must not be seen among you in all your border.”
7tn Heb “remain all night until the morning” (so KJV, ASV). This has been simplified in the translation for stylistic reasons.
8tn Heb “gates.”
9tn Heb “the Passover.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.
10tc The MT reading אֶל (’el, “unto”) before “the place” should, following Smr, Syriac, Targums, and Vulgate, be omitted in favor of ב (bet; בַּמָּקוֹם, bammaqom), “in the place.”
11tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
12tn The rules that governed the Passover meal are found in Exod 12:1-51, and Deut 16:1-8. The word translated “cook” (בָּשַׁל, bashal) here is translated “boil” in other places (e.g. Exod 23:19, 1 Sam 2:13-15). This would seem to contradict Exod 12:9 where the Israelites are told not to eat the Passover sacrifice raw or boiled. However, 2 Chr 35:13 recounts the celebration of a Passover feast during the reign of Josiah, and explains that the people “cooked (בָּשַׁל, bashal) the Passover sacrifices over the open fire.” The use of בָּשַׁל (bashal) with “fire” (אֵשׁ, ’esh) suggests that the word could be used to speak of boiling or roasting.
13tn The words “on that day” are not in the Hebrew text; they are supplied in the translation for clarification (cf. TEV, NLT).
14tn Heb “the seven weeks.” The translation uses a pronoun to avoid redundancy in English.
15tn The Hebrew phrase חַג שָׁבֻעוֹת (khag shavu’ot) is otherwise known in the OT (Exod 23:16) as קָצִיר (qatsir, “harvest”) and in the NT as πεντηχοστή (penthcosth, “Pentecost”).
16tn Heb “the sufficiency of the offering of your hand.”
17tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
18tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
19tn Heb “gates.”
20tn The Hebrew phrase חַג הַסֻּכֹּת (khag hassukot, “festival of huts” or “festival of shelters”) is traditionally known as the Feast of Tabernacles. The rendering “booths” (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV) is now preferable to the traditional “tabernacles” (KJV, ASV, NIV) in light of the meaning of the term סֻכָּה (sukkah, “hut; booth”), but “booths” are frequently associated with trade shows and craft fairs in contemporary American English. Clearer is the English term “shelters” (so NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT), but this does not reflect the temporary nature of the living arrangement. This feast was a commemoration of the wanderings of the Israelites after they left Egypt, suggesting that a translation like “temporary shelters” is more appropriate.
21tn Heb “when you gather in your threshing-floor and winepress.”
22tn Heb “in your gates.”
23tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
24tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
25tn Heb “in all the work of your hands” (so NASB, NIV); NAB, NRSV “in all your undertakings.”
26tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “he” in 16:1.
27tn Heb “a man must give according to the gift of his hand.” This has been translated as second person for stylistic reasons, in keeping with the second half of the verse, which is second person rather than third.
28tn The Hebrew term וְשֹׁטְרִים (v˙shoterim), usually translated “officers” (KJV, NCV) or “officials” (NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT), derives from the verb שֹׁטֵר (shoter, “to write”). The noun became generic for all types of public officials. Here, however, it may be appositionally epexegetical to “judges,” thus resulting in the phrase, “judges, that is, civil officers,” etc. Whoever the שֹׁטְרִים are, their task here consists of rendering judgments and administering justice.
29tn Heb “gates.”
30tn Heb “with judgment of righteousness”; ASV, NASB “with righteous judgment.”
31tn Heb “twist, overturn”; NRSV “subverts the cause.”
32tn Or “innocent”; NRSV “those who are in the right”; NLT “the godly.”
33tn Heb “justice, justice.” The repetition is emphatic; one might translate as “pure justice” or “unadulterated justice” (cf. NLT “true justice”).