1tn Heb “was old, coming into the days” (i.e., advancing in years).

2tn Or “garments.”

3tn Heb “said to.”

4tn Heb “let them seek for my master, the king, a young girl, a virgin.” The third person plural subject of the verb is indefinite (see GKC 460 §144.f). The appositional expression, “a young girl, a virgin,” is idiomatic; the second term specifically defines the more general first term (see IBHS 230 §12.3b).

5tn Heb “and she will stand before the king.” The Hebrew phrase “stand before” can mean “to attend; to serve” (BDB 764 s.v. עָמַד).

6tn Heb “and she will lie down in your bosom.” The expression might imply sexual intimacy (see 2 Sam 12:3 [where the lamb symbolizes Bathsheba] and Mic 7:5), though v. 4b indicates that David did not actually have sex with the young woman.

7tn Heb “and my master, the king, will be warm.”

8tn Heb “through all the territory of Israel.”

9tn Heb “did not know her.”

10tn Heb “son of Haggith,” but since this formula usually designates the father (who in this case was David), the translation specifies that David was Adonijah’s father.

sn Haggith was one of David’s wives (2 Sam 3:4; 2 Chr 3:2).

11tn Heb “lifting himself up.”

12tn Heb “saying.”

13tn Or “he acquired for himself.”

14tn Heb “to run ahead of him.”

15tn Or “disciplined.”

16tn Heb “did not correct him from his days.” The phrase “from his days” means “from his earliest days,” or “ever in his life.” See GKC 382 §119.w, n. 2.

17tn Heb “and she gave birth to him after Absalom.” This does not imply they had the same mother; Absalom’s mother was Maacah, not Haggith (2 Sam 3:4).

18tn Heb “his words were.”

19tn Heb “helped after” (i.e., stood by).

20tn Heb “Adonijah.” The proper name has been replaced by the pronoun (“him”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.

21tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).

22tn Heb “were not.”

23tc The ancient Greek version omits this appositional phrase.

24tn Or “bodyguard” (Heb “mighty men”).

25tn Heb “Have you not heard?”

26tn Heb “and our master David does not know.”

27tn Heb “now, come.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.

28tn Or “so that.”

29tn Heb “come, go to.” The imperative of הָלַךְ (halakh) is here used as an introductory interjection. See BDB 234 s.v. חָלַךְ.

30tn Or “swear an oath to.”

31tn In the Hebrew text the sentence is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”), which here draws attention to Nathan’s concluding word of assurance and support. For this use of the word, see HALOT 252 s.v. הִנֵּה.

32tc The Hebrew text reads, “I will come after you.”

33tn Heb “fill up [i.e., confirm] your words.”

34tn Or “bedroom.”

35tn Heb “bowed low and bowed down to.”

36tc Instead of עַתָּה (’attah, “now”) many Hebrew mss, along with the Old Greek, Syriac Peshitta, and Latin Vulgate, have the similar sounding independent pronoun אַתָּה (’attah, “you”). This reading is followed in the present translation.

37tn Heb “you do not know [about it].”

38tc Many Hebrew mss have עַתָּה (’attah, “now”) rather than the similar sounding independent pronoun אַתָּה (’attah, “you”).

39tn Heb “the eyes of all Israel are upon you to declare to them who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him.”

40tn The words “if a decision is not made” are added for clarification.

41tn Heb “lies down with his fathers.”

42tn Heb “I and my son Solomon.” The order has been reversed in the translation for stylistic reasons.

43tn Heb “will be guilty”; NASB “considered offenders”; TEV “treated as traitors.”

44tn Heb “look.” The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh) here draws attention to Nathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.

45tn Heb “ground.” Since this was indoors, “floor” is more appropriate than “ground.”

46tn Heb “look.”

47tn Heb “eating and drinking.”

48tn Heb “let the king, Adonijah, live!”

49tc Many Hebrew mss and ancient textual witnesses agree with the Qere in reading this as singular, “your servant.”

50tn Heb “From my master the king is this thing done, and you did not make known to your servants who will sit on the throne of my master the king after him?”

51tn Heb “answered and said.”

52sn Summon Bathsheba. Bathsheba must have left the room when Nathan arrived (see 1:22).

53tn Heb “she came before the king and stood before the king.”

54tn Or “ransomed my life.”

55tn Or “carry out, perform.”

56tn Heb “bowed low, face [to] the ground, and bowed down to the king.”

57sn Summon…Nathan. Nathan must have left the room when Bathsheba reentered.

58tn Heb “the king.”

59tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.

60tn Heb “mount Solomon my son on the mule that belongs to me and take him down to Gihon.”

61tn Or “designate” (i.e., by anointing with oil).

62tn Or “commanded.”

63tn Heb “answered and said.”

64tn Or “Amen.”

65tn Heb “So may the Lord God of my master the king say.”

66tn Heb “and may he make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David.”

67sn The Kerethites and Pelethites were members of David’s royal guard (see 2 Sam 8:18). The Kerethites may have been descendants of an ethnic group originating in Crete.

68tn Heb “the horn of oil.” This has been specified as olive oil in the translation for clarity.

sn A horn filled with oil. An animal’s horn was used as an oil flask in the anointing ceremony.

69tn Or “anointed.”

70tn Heb “and all the people went up after him, and the people were playing flutes and rejoicing with great joy and the ground split open at the sound of them.” The verb בָּקַע (baqa’, “to split open”), which elsewhere describes the effects of an earthquake, is obviously here an exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.

71tn Heb “And Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard, now they had finished eating.”

72tn Heb “Why is the city’s sound noisy?”

73tn The Hebrew text has “look” at this point. The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh), “look draws attention to Jonathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.

74tn Or “surely.”

75tn Heb “you are a man of strength [or “ability”] and you bring a message [that is] good.” Another option is to understand the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) in the sense of “a worthy man,” that is “loyal.” See also 1 Kgs 1:52 and HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל.

76tn Heb “answered and said.”

77tn For a similar use of אֲבָל (’aval), see Gen 17:19, where God rejects Abraham’s proposal and offers an alternative.

78tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.

79tn I.e., designated by anointing with oil.

80tn Heb “And also Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.”

81tn Heb “to bless.”

82tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.

83tc Many Hebrew mss agree with the Qere in reading simply “God.”

84tn Heb “make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne.” The term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) is used here of one’s fame and reputation.

85tn Or “bowed down; worshiped.”

86tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the king said.”

87tn Or “Blessed be the Lord God of Israel, who….” In this blessing formula אֲשֶׁר (’asher, “who; because”) introduces the reason why the one being blessed deserves the honor.

88tn Heb “and my eyes are seeing.”

89tn Or “were afraid, trembled.”

90sn Grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. The “horns” of the altar were the horn-shaped projections on the four corners of the altar (see Exod 27:2). By going to the holy place and grabbing hold of the horns of the altar, Adonijah was seeking asylum from Solomon.

91tn Heb “King Solomon.” The name and title have been replaced by the pronoun (“you”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.

92tn Or “swear an oath to.”

93tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).

94tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”

95tn Heb “sent and they brought him down.”

96tn Heb “Go to your house.”