2tn Heb “you were the one who led out and the one who brought in Israel.”

3tn Heb “elders.”

4tn Or “covenant.”

5tn Or “They poured olive oil on David to designate him as king.”

6tn Heb “according to the word of the Lord by the hand of Samuel.”

7tn Heb “all Israel.”

8sn Jebus was an older name for the city of Jerusalem (cf. Josh 15:8; Judg 1:21).

map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

9tn Heb “and there [were] the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land.”

10sn Verse 6 inserts into the narrative parenthetical information about Joab’s role in the conquest of the city. Verse 7 then picks up where v. 5 left off.

11tn Or perhaps “strikes down.”

12tn Heb “head and officer.”

13tn Heb “went up.”

14tn Heb “head.”

15tn Heb “to that which surrounds.” On the referent here as “the surrounding walls,” see HALOT 740 s.v. סָבִיב.

16tn Heb “and David went, going and becoming great, and the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, Lord of hosts] was with him.”

17tn Heb “and these were the heads of the warriors who were David’s, who held strongly with him in his kingdom and with all Israel to make him king, according to the word of the Lord, over Israel.”

18tn Heb “and these are the number of the warriors who were David’s.”

19tc The marginal reading (Qere) has “officers;” the consonantal text (Kethib) has “the Thirty” (see v. 15).

20tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against 300, [who were] slain at one time.”

21tn Heb “after him.”

22tc Some read here “Ephes Dammim.” See 1 Sam 17:1.

23tn Heb “delivered it.”

24tn Heb “and the Lord delivered [with] a great deliverance.”

25map For location see Map5-B1; Map7-E2; Map8-E2; Map10-B4.

26tn Heb “Who will give me water to drink?” On the rhetorical use of מִי (mi) here, see BDB 566 s.v. f.

27tn Heb “the three,” referring to the three elite warriors mentioned in v. 12.

28tn Heb “Far be it to me from my God from doing this.”

29tn Heb “with their lives.” The same expression occurs later in this verse.

30tn Heb “These things the three warriors did.”

31tc The Syriac reads “thirty” here and at the beginning of v. 21; this reading is followed by some English translations (cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV, NLT).

32tn Heb “he was wielding his spear against three hundred, [who were] slain.”

33tn Heb “and to him [reading with the Qere] there was a name among the three.”

34tn Or “more than.”

35tn Heb “of the three.”

36tc Heb “the two of Ariel, Moab.” The precise meaning of אֲרִיאֵל (’ari’el) is uncertain; some read “warrior.” The present translation assumes that the word is a proper name and that בְּנֵי (b˙ney, “sons of”) has accidentally dropped from the text by homoioarcton (note the preceding שְׁנֵי, sh˙ney).

37tn Heb “five cubits.” Assuming a length of 18 inches for the standard cubit, this individual would be 7.5 feet (2.3 m) tall.

38tn Heb “went down to.”

39tn Or “more than.”

40map For location see Map5-B1; Map7-E2; Map8-E2; Map10-B4.

41tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:25 has the variant spelling of “Shammah.”

42tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:26 has the variant spelling of “Paltite.”

43tn In 2 Sam 23:27 this individual’s name is given as “Mebunnai.”

44tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant “Zalmon.”

45tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:29 has the variant spelling “Ittai.”

46tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:28 has the variant spelling “Hiddai.”

47tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Abi-Albon.”

48tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:31 has the variant spelling “Barhumite.”

49tn In 2 Sam 23:32 this individual’s name is given as “Jashen.”

50tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:33 has the variant spelling “Shammah.”

51tn In 2 Sam 23:33 this individual’s name is given as “Sharar.”

52tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:34 has the variant “Eliphelet son of Ahasbai the Maacathite.”

53tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:35 has the variant spelling “Hezrai.”

54tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 23:36 has the variant “Igal son of Nathan from Zobah.”