1tc Date formulae typically include the month. According to D. I. Block (Ezekiel [NICOT], 2:34, n. 27) some emend to “in the twelfth year in the eleventh month” based partially on the copy of the LXX from Alexandrinus, where Albright suggested that “eleventh month” may have dropped out due to haplography.

sn April 23, 587 b.c.

2sn Tyre was located on the Mediterranean coast north of Israel.

3map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

4tn Heb “I will be filled.”

5sn That is, Jerusalem.

6tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) draws attention to something and has been translated here as a verb.

7tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘h!nn#n' ?l?K>,’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8. The Hebrew text switches to a second feminine singular form here, indicating that personified Jerusalem is addressed (see vv. 5-6a). The address to Jerusalem continues through v. 15. In vv. 16-17 the second masculine plural is used, as the people are addressed.

8tn Or “debris.”

9sn That is, the towns located inland that were under Tyre’s rule.

10tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) draws attention to something.

11tn Heb “Nebuchadrezzar” is a variant and more correct spelling of Nebuchadnezzar, as the Babylonian name Nabu-kudurri-usur has an an “r” rather than an “n.”

12tn Heb “swords.”

13tn Heb “From the abundance of his horses he will cover you (with) their dust.”

14tn Heb “like those who enter a breached city.”

15tn Heb “desirable.”

16tn Heb “set.”

17tn Heb “into the midst of the water.”

18tn Heb “cause to end.”

19sn This prophecy was fulfilled by Alexander the Great in 332 b.c.

20tn Heb “descend from.”

21tn Heb “and they will be astonished over you.”

22tn Heb “and they will lift up over you a lament and they will say to you.”

23tn Heb “O inhabitant.” The translation follows the LXX and understands a different Hebrew verb, meaning “cease,” behind the consonantal text. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel [WBC], 2:72, and D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:43.

24tn Heb “she and her inhabitants who placed their terror to all her inhabitants.” The relationship of the final prepositional phrase to what precedes is unclear. The preposition probably has a specifying function here, drawing attention to Tyre’s inhabitants as the source of the terror mentioned prior to this. In this case, one might paraphrase verse 17b: “she and her inhabitants, who spread their terror; yes, her inhabitants (were the source of this terror).”

25tn Heb “from your going out.”

26tn Heb “many.”

27tn Heb “to the people of antiquity.”

28tn Heb “like.” The translation assumes an emendation of the preposition כְּ (, “like”), to בְּ (, “in, among”).

29tn Heb “and I will place beauty.” This reading makes little sense; many, following the lead of the LXX, emend the text to read “nor will you stand” with the negative particle before the preceding verb understood by ellipsis; see L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:73. D. I. Block (Ezekiel [NICOT], 2:47) offers another alternative, taking the apparent first person verb form as an archaic second feminine form and translating “nor radiate splendor.”