2tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 10, 12, 19).

3sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.

4tn The parallel account in 2 Kgs 8:16-24 has the variant spelling “Jehoram.”

5sn A number of times in 2 Chronicles “Israel” is used instead of the more specific “Judah”; see 2 Chr 12:6; 23:2). In the interest of consistency some translations (e.g., NAB, NRSV) substitute “Judah” for “Israel” here.

6tn Heb “and Jehoram arose over the kingdom of his father and strengthened himself.”

7tn Heb “and he killed all his brothers with the sword.”

8map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.

9tn Heb “he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, just as the house of Ahab did, for the daughter of Ahab was his wife.”

10tn Heb “in the eyes of.”

11tn Heb “house.”

12tn Or “covenant.”

13tn Heb “which he made to David, just as he had promised to give him and his sons a lamp all the days.” Here “lamp” is metaphorical, symbolizing the Davidic dynasty.

14tn Heb “his”; the referent (Jehoram) has been specified in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.

15tn Heb “in his days Edom rebelled from under the hand of Judah and enthroned a king over them.”

16tc Heb “and he arose at night and defeated Edom, who had surrounded him, and the chariot officers.” The Hebrew text as it stands gives the impression that Jehoram was surrounded and launched a victorious nighttime counterattack. Yet v. 10 goes on to state that the Edomite revolt was successful. The translation above assumes an emendation of the Hebrew text. Adding a third masculine singular pronominal suffix to the accusative sign before Edom (reading אֹתוֹ [’oto, “him”] instead of just אֶת [’et]) and taking Edom as the subject of verbs allows one to translate the verse in a way that is more consistent with the context, which depicts an Israelite defeat, not victory. See also 2 Kgs 8:21.

17tn Heb “and Edom rebelled from under the hand of Judah until this day.”

18tn Or “from Jehoram’s control”; Heb “from under his hand.” The pronominal suffix may refer to Judah in general or, more specifically, to Jehoram.

19tn Heb “he.” This pronoun could refer to Judah, but the context focuses on Jehoram’s misdeeds. See especially v. 11.

20tn Heb “and he caused the residents of Jerusalem to commit adultery.” In this context spiritual unfaithfulness to the Lord is in view rather than physical adultery.

21tn Heb “and drove Judah away.”

22tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoram) has been specified in the translation for clarity and for stylistic reasons.

23tn Heb “Because you…” In the Hebrew text this lengthy sentence is completed in vv. 14-15. Because of its length and complexity (and the tendency of contemporary English to use shorter sentences), the translation has divided it up into several English sentences.

24tn Heb “walked in the ways.”

25tn Heb “in the ways of.”

26tn Heb “and you walked in the way of the kings of Israel and caused Judah and the residents of Jerusalem to commit adultery, like the house of Ahab causes to commit adultery.”

27tn Heb “the house of your father.”

28tn Heb “to strike with a great striking.”

29tn Heb “and you [will have] a serious illness, an illness of the intestines until your intestines come out because of the illness days upon days.”

30tn Heb “the spirit of the Philistines.”

31tn Heb “broke it up.”

32tn Heb “all the property which was found in the house of the king.”

33tn Heb “in his intestines with an illness [for which] there was no healer.”

34tn Heb “and it was to days from days, and about the time of the going out of the end for the days, two, his intestines came out with his illness and he died in severe illness.”

35tn Heb “and his people did not make for him a fire, like the fire of his fathers.”

36tn Heb “and he went without desire.”

37sn The phrase the City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.